Abancourt, Oise

Abancourt
Commune

Abancourt Railway Station 2008

Coat of arms
Abancourt

Coordinates: 49°41′52″N 1°45′57″E / 49.6978°N 1.7658°E / 49.6978; 1.7658Coordinates: 49°41′52″N 1°45′57″E / 49.6978°N 1.7658°E / 49.6978; 1.7658
Country France
Region Hauts-de-France
Department Oise
Arrondissement Beauvais
Canton Grandvilliers
Intercommunality Picardie Verte
Government
 • Mayor (2014-2020) Jean-Louis Dor
Area1 6.01 km2 (2.32 sq mi)
Population (2014)2 643
 • Density 110/km2 (280/sq mi)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 • Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
INSEE/Postal code 60001 /60220
Elevation 170–222 m (558–728 ft)

1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Abancourt is a French commune in the Oise department in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France.[1]

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Abancourtois or Abancourtoises.[2]

Geography

Abancourt is located some 40 km south-west of Amiens and some 20 km north-east of Forges-les-Eaux in the western extremity of the Oise department, on the border of the Seine-Maritime department. Access to the commune is by the D316 road from Aumale in the north passing through the commune and the village and continuing south to Blargies. The D8 goes south-west from the village to the border of Seine-Maritime where it becomes the D236 and continues south-west to Criquiers. The D7 branches off the D316 south of the village and goes south-west to Moliens. The D919 goes north-east from the village to Romescamps. Apart from the village there are the hamlets of La Montagne in the north and Hennicourt in the south. Except for a strip of forest in the west, the commune is entirely farmland.[3][4]

The Abancourt Station before 1909
Abancourt Station in 2008

A railway line passes through the east of the commune from north-east to south with Abancourt station in the south of the commune. The station is an intermediate stop on the TER Picardie Amiens to Rouen route[5] and the Le Tréport-Mers to Beauvais route[6]

The Bresle River flows north-west from Abancourt along the Formerie plateau into the English Channel at Le Tréport. This coastal river is around 68 to 72 kilometres long depending on which source is used[7] and crosses the Oise, Somme, and Seine-Maritime Departments.

Neighbouring Communes

Adjacent places of Abancourt, Oise
 Lannoy-Cuillère Gourchelles Romescamps
Conteville Saint-Thibault
   Abancourt[3]  
Criquiers Blargies Moliens

Toponymy

The area was mentioned as Abencourt in 1146, Abencurtis in 1148, Abencurt in 1150 and 1152, Habencourt in 1180, Abencourt in 1337, 1454, and in the 16th century.

One Jean and one Adrien d'Abancourt were alternately lords of Abancourt at the beginning of the 15th century.

History

Roman Period

Ceramic tiles and amphoras from Abancourt's Roman period are displayed in the Beauvais museum. These were found near a hamlet on the mountain and it is assumed that there must have been a Roman camp or installation at one time. Fine red pottery, stepped and curved roof tiles nearly 50 centimetres across have been found.

On Abancourt's ancient Roman road lies a linden tree 6 metres in circumference, which was possibly the marker of a military border or a Celtic monument.[8]

Recent History

Abancourt Military Prison 1917
Abancourt Military Prison 1917

Abancourt appears as Abancourt on the 1750 Cassini Map[9] and the same on the 1790 version.[10]

The village was renamed Abancourt-la-Montagne after the French Revolution.[11] Between 1791 and 1823, the commune was reattached to Romescamps. In 1823 Abancourt was newly created as a commune from Blargies with Hennicourt added to it.[12]

In 1867 the railway came to Abancourt with the construction of Abancourt Station on the Rouen to Amiens line. It was connected directly to Le Tréport and Paris in 1873-1875.

In the First World War, the British Army had a prison at Abancourt. In August 1916 a serious mutiny broke out in the prison, for which seven ring-leaders were prosecuted and at least two put to death on 29 October 1916: British Gunner Lewis, aged 30, shot at Rouen,[13] and New Zealand Private John (Jack) Braithwaite, 35 years old, shot at the prison.[14]

World War II

See

Heraldry

 Blazon:

Gules, 2 bends wavy argent, in chief a laurel crown Or, and on a canton azure 3 fleurs-de-lys Or.

Administration

Mayors

List:[15]

From To Name Party Position
1962 Paul Rouvier
1989 2001 Nicole Lefevre
2001 2008 Emmanual Potvin DVG
2008 2020 Jean-Louis Dor IndependentRetired

(Not all data is known)

Intercommunality

Abancourt is a member of the Community of communes of Picardie Vert,[16] which comprises the communes of Formerie, Grandvilliers, Marseille-en-Beauvaisis, and Songeons.

The commune is part of "Greater Beauvaisis", one of the sixteen constituent departments of the "Region of Hauts-de-France".

The commune participates in three inter-communal groups:

Budget and fiscalism

The principal 2006 municipal budget allocated 298,000 euros to investment and 217,000 euros to services.[17]

In 2010, the poll tax (TH) collected by the commune was 3.40%, the property tax on developed properties was 22.29%, the property tax on vacant land was 21.71%, and the business tax (TP) was 11.93%.[18]

Urbanism

In 1999, 59.4% of the commune's residents were owners of their places of residence (compared to 60.4% for the whole Oise department) and 34.4% were tenants (compared to the Oise department's 35.8%).[19]

Demography

In 2010, the town had 646 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known through the population censuses conducted in the town since 1831. From the 21st century, a census of municipalities with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger towns that have a sample survey every year.[Note 1] [Note 2]

Population change (See database)
1793 1800 1806 1821 1831 1836 1841 1846 1851
615 677 700 666 664
1856 1861 1866 1872 1876 1881 1886 1891 1896
609 598 594 595 569 583 596 555 567
1901 1906 1911 1921 1926 1931 1936 1946 1954
538 531 546 602 558 629 603 529 509
1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2010 -
507 519 527 593 582 567 635 646 -

Sources : Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 (population without double counting and municipal population from 2006)

Distribution of population by age

Abancourt Abancourt Oise Oise
Age range Men Women Men Women
0 to 14 years 24.5 21.5 21.3 19.9
15 to 29 years 15.6 19.0 20.0 18.5
30 to 44 years 23.9 21.5 22.0 21.6
45 to 59 years 20.7 20.3 21.1 20.7
60 to 74 years 9.6 10.0 11.0 11.5
75 to 89 years 5.7 7.7 4.5 7.1
90 years+ 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.8

Sites and monuments

Facilities and services

Education

The commune has two schools - an elementary school at Abancourt and a primary school at Hennicourt.[22]

Shops and services

In 2008, the town also had a bar/tobacconist, a bakery and a grocery store, located on the Main Street.

At the railway station there is a hotel, restaurant and a bar/tobacconist.

A hall is also available for hire.

Notable people linked to the commune

See also

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ↑ At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002 Archived 2016-03-06 at the Wayback Machine., the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" which allow, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For municipalities with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these municipalities is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.
  2. ↑ In the census table and the graph, by convention in Wikipedia, and to allow a fair comparison between five yearly censuses, the principle has been retained for subsequent legal populations since 1999 displayed in the census table and the graph that shows populations for the years 2006, 2011, 2016, etc.. , as well as the latest legal population published by INSEE

References

  1. ↑ Abancourt on Lion1906
  2. ↑ Inhabitants of Oise (in French)
  3. 1 2 Abancourt on Google Maps
  4. ↑ Abancourt on the Géoportail from National Geographic Institute (IGN) website (in French)
  5. ↑ TER Amiens to Rouen Timetable (in French)
  6. ↑ Le Treport-Mers to Beauvais Timetable (in French)
  7. ↑ 68 km on the SANDRE site, 71 km from the EPTB of Aumale website, 72 km according to le Petit Larousse, the Encarta encyclopedia, and Pierre-Jean Thumerelle in his article dedicated to the river.
  8. ↑ Source: Archaeological records on the Oise department, Academic Society of Archaeology, Sciences, and Arts of Oise, Emmanuel Woillez, 1862.
  9. ↑ Abancourt on the 1750 Cassini Map
  10. ↑ Abancourt on the 1790 Cassini Map
  11. ↑ Revolutionary Names of Communes, p. 47 (in French)
  12. ↑ Communes Letter
  13. ↑ Dr. David Payne, Why the British Army did not Mutiny En Masse on the Western Front in the Great War Archived May 5, 2014, at the Wayback Machine., 2008
  14. ↑ Braithwaite, John Biography, Ian McGibbon, Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, Vol. 3, 1996
  15. ↑ Mayors of France (in French)
  16. ↑ Picardie Vert website Archived February 21, 2010, at the Wayback Machine. (in French)
  17. ↑ Ministry of Economy and Finance: Individual accounts for communes (Municipal budgets 2001 to 2006) (in French)
  18. ↑ Local Taxes at taxe.com
  19. ↑ Abancourt on INSEE (in French)
  20. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM60000001 Group Sculpture: Education of the Virgin (in French)
  21. ↑ Abancourt (Hénnicourt): End of work - the chapel begins a new life, 17 July 2008, Published in Le Réveil Bresle-Oise-Somme edition ISSN 0832-3941
  22. ↑ List of primary schools for Abancourt (in French)
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