307th Fighter Squadron

307th Fighter Squadron
Active	1942–1945; 1946–1989; 1991–1995; 2003–present
Country	United States
Branch	United States Air Force
Role	Fighter
Part of	Air Force Reserve Command
Garrison/HQ	Seymour Johnson Air Force Base
Nickname(s)	Stingers
Engagements	European Theater of Operations Mediterranean Theater of Operations Vietnam War[1]
Decorations	Distinguished Unit Citation Air Force Outstanding Unit Award Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Palm[1]
Insignia
307th Fighter Sq emblem (approved 16 October 1944[1]

The 307th Fighter Squadron is a McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle unit and is part of Air Force Reserve Command's 414th Fighter Group stationed at Seymour Johnson Air Force Base, North Carolina.

Mission

The mission of the 307 FS is to assist the 4th Fighter Wing at Seymour Johnson to produce qualified F-15E aircrew. The squadron became operational in September 2011.

History

World War II

Initially established under Third Air Force in early 1942 as a fighter squadron at Baer Field, Indiana, flying some antisubmarine patrols in the Gulf of Mexico.

Deployed to the European Theater of Operations in June 1942 without aircraft as its Curtiss P-40 Warhawks and Bell P-39 Airacobras were deemed unsuitable for use against German aircraft in long-range bomber escort duties. Was re-equipped with RAF Supermarine Spitfire Vs and its pilots and technicians spent a two-month period undergoing intensive training in flying and fighting with RAF pilots in the British aircraft from airfields in southeast England. The squadron flew its first combat mission on 18 August 1942, when it attacked enemy positions in occupied France.

Assigned to the new Twelfth Air Force and deployed to Gibraltar in November 1942 as part of the Operation Torch invasion forces, initially operating from former Vichy French airfields in Algeria. Advanced east across Algeria and Tunisia during the North African Campaign, supporting the Fifth United States Army which halted Field Marshal Rommel's advance on allied positions.

Spitfires from the squadron provided support for Allied Forces as the Invasion of Italy began with the capture of Sicily, and later the landings by Allied forces in Fascist Italy, moving north supporting the Fifth Army during the Italian Campaign. As Allied bomber forces operating from Italy began the strategic bombing of Axis petroleum and communications facilities in central Europe and the Balkans, the squadron was re-equipped with the North American P-51 Mustang to replace the shorter-ranged Spitfire. In August 1944, the P-51's were involved in the invasion of Southern France. In December 1944, the first destruction of a German jet fighter by a 308th P-51 occurred, eventually operating from the Po Valley in Northern Italy at the end of the European War in May 1945.

By war's end, the squadron had earned two Distinguished Unit Citations and was involved in eight campaigns The squadron was largely demobilized during the summer of 1945 in Europe, a skeleton force returned to Drew Field, Florida in August, inactivating largely as an administrative unit in November.^[2]

Reactivated from elements of several inactivating organizations in Germany in August 1946, Performed occupation duty and operating early-model Lockheed P-80A Shooting Star jets from former Luftwaffe jet-capable airfields at AAF Station Giebelstadt and AAF Station Kitzingen. Returned to the United States in June 1947 without personnel or equipment which remained in Germany.

Cold War

Assigned to Strategic Air Command at Langley Field, Virginia as a fighter-escort squadron, equipped with straight-winged Republic F-84E Thunderjets. Assigned to Turner AFB, Georgia with mission of long-range escort of B-29 Superfortress bombers, later B-50 and B-36 Peacemakers as newer aircraft came into operation by SAC. Inactivated 1958 with phaseout of B-36 and end of SAC escort fighter concept.

Reactivated in 1959 as Tactical Air Command North American F-100 Super Sabre fighter-bomber squadron at George Air Force Base, California. Trained in tactical air support of ground forces, deploying to NATO bases for operational exercises. Reassigned to Homestead Air Force Base, Florida after the Cuban Missile Crisis, late 1962 to provide air defense of South Florida. Was deployed to Southeast Asia, 1964 as part of advisory forces operating against North Vietnamese and National Liberation Front forces in South Vietnam. In 1965 the squadron's aircraft and personnel were transferred to 531st Tactical Fighter Squadron.

F-4D Phantom II of the 307th^{[note 1]}

Reassigned to NATO, becoming permanently based at Torrejon AB, Spain in 1966 when SAC turned Spanish bases over to USAFE. Initially equipped with F-100s, in 1970 received McDonnell F-4E Phantom IIs. Reassigned back to TAC at Homestead AFB in 1971, as part of re-establishment of 31st TFW upon its return from duty in Southeast Asia. Was deployed to Thailand, July 1972, engaging North Vietnamese forces in northern South Vietnam in response to the communist spring offensive. Returned to the United States in the late fall, 1972.

For the next 20 years, performed routine training and tactical deployments from Homestead, upgraded to the General Dynamics F-16A Fighting Falcon in 1988. At the end of 1986 the squadron and wing changed tail codes from ZF to HS which better matched the squadrons location in Homestead. Upgraded to receive Shaw AFB block 25s in August 1990. With the Gulf War build up and the 363rd TFW at Shaw AFB deploying to Saudi Arabia meant no more block 25s were available. With some F-16A/B block 15s still in service for the 307th TFS, it continued to operate both types.

When Desert Storm ended it was decided to convert the 31st TFW to block 40 F-16s instead. Up to this point about ten block 25s had reached the 307th FS and had been pained in 'Emerald Knight' markings. They were all sent to other units. Neither of the 31st TFWs other sister squadrons flew the block 25. In March 1991 the 307th began conversion to the block 40 version of the F-16. On 1 October 1991 the word 'Tactical' was dropped and unit became the 307th Fighter Squadron. By early 1992 the conversion to block 40 F-16s with the general purpose role was complete.

Squadron aircraft at Homestead after Hurricane Andrew^{[note 2]}

Moved to Moody Air Force Base, Georgia in late August 1992 when Hurricane Andrew threatened South Florida. It was to be a temporary move to Moody, but Homestead AFB was so heavily damaged it was never re-opened for any of the 31st FW squadrons and was eventually turned over to the Air Force Reserve Command's 482nd Fighter Wing and renamed Homestead Air Reserve Base. After the destruction of Homestead AFB, the 307th FS was reassigned permanently to the 347th Operations Group at Moody. At this point the 'HS' tail code began to be replaced with a 'MY' tail code, with some block 40 F-16s were delivered right from the factory to the 307th Fighter Squadron's new home base. It deployed to Saudi Arabia from, March–June 1995 in support of Operation Southern Watch.^[1] Inactivated in 1995 when Air Combat Command temporarily closed down ACC operations at the base, temporarily turning Moody over to Air Education and Training Command as a training base.

Modern era

Reactivated in 2003 as an Air Force Reserve Command McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle training squadron. Trained Air Force Reserve pilots in Eagles at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia as an adjunct for the 1st Fighter Wing. The unit was moved from Langley to Seymour Johnson Air Force Base in 2010 in realignment with the phaseout of the F-15C at Langely pending the arrival of the F-22 Raptor and the need for an Associate Air Force Reserve F-15E Strike Eagle unit at Seymour Johnson.

Lineage

• Constituted 'as the 307th Pursuit Squadron' (Interceptor) on 21 January 1942

Activated on 30 January 1942

Redesignated 307th Fighter Squadron on 15 May 1942

Redesignated 307th Fighter Squadron, Single Engine on 20 August 1943

Inactivated on 7 November 1945

• Activated on 20 August 1946

Redesignated 307th Fighter Squadron, Jet Propelled on 19 February 1947

Redesignated 307th Fighter Squadron, Single Engine on 3 November 1947

Redesignated 307th Fighter Squadron, Jet on 15 June 1948

Redesignated 307th Fighter-Bomber Squadron on 20 January 1950

Redesignated 307th Fighter-Escort Squadron on 16 July 1950

Redesignated 307th Strategic Fighter Squadron on 20 January 1953

Redesignated 307th Fighter-Bomber Squadron on 1 April 1957

Redesignated 307th Tactical Fighter Squadron on 1 July 1958

Redesignated 307th Tactical Fighter Training Squadron on 1 July 1983

Redesignated 307th Tactical Fighter Squadron on 1 April 1988

Inactivated on 1 July 1989

• Activated on 30 September 1991

Re-designated 307th Fighter Squadron on 1 November 1991

Inactivated on 31 August 1995

• Activated in the reserve on 1 August 2003^[1]

Assignments

• 31st Pursuit Group (later 31st Fighter Group), 30 January 1942 – 7 November 1945
• 31st Fighter Group (later 31st Fighter-Bomber Group, 31st Fighter Escort Group), 20 August 1946 (attached to 31st Fighter-Escort Wing after 27 Jul 1951)
• 31st Fighter-Escort Wing (later 31st Strategic Fighter Wing, 31st Fighter-Bomber Wing, 31st Tactical Fighter Wing), 16 June 1952

Attached to Alaskan Air Command, 7 November–7 December 1956

Attached to 48th Fighter-Bomber Wing, 27 February–9 August 1958

Attached to Unknown, 15 Marcj–19 July 1959, 8 November 1960 – 9 March 1961, and 18–28 February 1962

Attached to 18th Tactical Fighter Wing, 17 December 1962 – 16 March 1963

Attached to Unknown, 27 December 1963 – 5 March 1964

Attached to 7231st Combat Support Group, 23 November 1964 – 14 March 1965

Attached to 34th Tactical Group, 24 June–7 July 1965

Attached to 6251st Tactical Fighter Wing, 8 July – 20 November 1965

Attached to 3d Tactical Fighter Wing, 21 November – 6 December 1965

• 401st Tactical Fighter Wing, 27 April 1966
• 31st Tactical Fighter Wing (later 31st Tactical Training Wing, 31st Tactical Fighter Wing), 15 July 1971 – 1 July 1989

Attached to 432d Tactical Reconnaissance Wing, 29 July–31 October 1972

• 31st Tactical Fighter Wing (later 31st Fighter Wing), 30 September 1991
• 31st Operations Group, 1 November 1991 (attached to 347th Operations Group after c. 11 September 1992
• 347th Operations Group, 20 Nov 1992 – 31 Aug 1995
• Tenth Air Force, 1 August 2003^[1]
• 414th Fighter Group, 23 March 2010 – present^[3]

Stations

Aircraft

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/.

• Anderson, Capt. Barry (1985). Army Air Forces Stations: A Guide to the Stations Where U.S. Army Air Forces Personnel Served in the United Kingdom During World War II (PDF). Maxwell AFB, AL: Research Division, USAF Historical Research Center. Retrieved July 7, 2012. 
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-02-1. LCCN 61060979. Retrieved December 17, 2016. 
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-405-12194-6. LCCN 70605402. OCLC 72556. Retrieved December 17, 2016. 
• Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984). Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947-1977 (PDF). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-12-9. Retrieved December 17, 2016. 

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