3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases that transfer one-carbon groups, specifically the hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate:3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase. Other names in common use include alpha-ketoisovalerate hydroxymethyltransferase, dehydropantoate hydroxymethyltransferase, ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase, oxopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase, 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate:alpha-ketoisovalerate, and hydroxymethyltransferase. This enzyme participates in pantothenate and coa biosynthesis.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 4 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1M3U, 1O66, 1O68, and 1OY0.

References

Powers SG, Snell EE (1976). "Ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase. II. Physical, catalytic, and regulatory properties". J. Biol. Chem. 251 (12): 3786–93. PMID 6463.
Teller JH, Powers SG, Snell EE (1976). "Ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase. I. Purification and role in pantothenate biosynthesis". J. Biol. Chem. 251 (12): 3780–5. PMID 776976.

Transferase: one carbon transferases (EC 2.1)

2.1.1: Methyl-

N-	Histamine N-methyltransferase Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase Amine N-methyltransferase Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
O-	5-hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase/Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase Catechol-O-methyl transferase
Homocysteine	Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase Homocysteine methyltransferase Methionine synthase
Other	Phosphatidyl ethanolamine methyltransferase DNMT3B Histone methyltransferase Thymidylate synthase DNA methyltransferase Thiopurine methyltransferase

2.1.2: Hydroxymethyl-,
Formyl- and Related

Hydroxymethyltransferase	Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase
Formyltransferase	Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase Inosine monophosphate synthase
Other	Glutamate formimidoyltransferase Aminomethyltransferase

2.1.3: Carboxy-
and Carbamoyl

Carboxy	methylmalonyl-CoA carboxytransferase
Carbamoyl	Aspartate carbamoyltransferase Ornithine carbamoyltransferase Oxamate carbamoyltransferase Putrescine carbamoyltransferase 3-hydroxymethylcephem carbamoyltransferase Lysine carbamoyltransferase N-acetylornithine carbamoyltransferase

2.1.4: Amidine

Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase

Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list)

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