2013 Pacific typhoon season

2013 Pacific typhoon season

Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formed January 1, 2013
Last system dissipated December 3, 2013
Strongest storm
Name Haiyan
 • Maximum winds 230 km/h (145 mph)
(10-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure 895 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Total depressions 49
Total storms 31
Typhoons 13
Super typhoons 5 (Unofficial)
Total fatalities 6841 total
Total damage $23.6 billion (2013 USD)
Related articles

The 2013 Pacific typhoon season was the most active Pacific typhoon season since 2004, as well as the deadliest since 1975. It was an above-average season with 31 named storms, 13 typhoons and five intense typhoons. The season's first named storm, Sonamu, developed on January 4 while the season's last named storm, Podul, dissipated on November 15. Most of the first seventeen named storms before mid-September were relatively weak, as only two of them reached the typhoon strength.

Typhoon Soulik in July was the strongest tropical cyclone to affect Taiwan in 2013. In August, Typhoon Utor cost US$2.6 billion damage and killed 97 people, becoming the second deadliest tropical cyclone of the Philippines in 2013. Three systems in August, Pewa, Unala and 03C, continuously crossed the International Date Line from the Central Pacific and entered this basin. Typhoon Haiyan destructively impacted Philippines as a Category 5 super typhoon, killing more than 6,000 people.

The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean to the north of the equator between 100°E and the 180th meridian. Within the northwestern Pacific Ocean, there are two separate agencies that assign names to tropical cyclones, which often results in a storm having two names. The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) will name a tropical cyclone should it be judged to have 10-minute sustained wind speeds of at least 65 km/h (40 mph) anywhere in the basin, whilst the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) assigns names to tropical cyclones which move into or form as tropical depressions in their area of responsibility, located between 115°E and 135°E and between 5°N and 25°N, regardless of whether or not the tropical cyclone has already been given a name by the JMA. Tropical depressions monitored by the United States' Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) are given a number with a "W" suffix.

Seasonal forecasts

TSR forecasts
Date 		Tropical
storms 		Total
Typhoons 		Intense
TCs 		ACE Ref
Average (1965–2012) 26.1 16.3 8.5 295 [1]
May 7, 2013 25.6 16.0 8.9 311 [1]
July 8, 2013 25.4 15.8 8.4 294 [2]
August 6, 2013 22.3 13.2 6.6 230 [3]
Other forecasts
Date 		Forecast
Center 		Period Systems Ref
January 2013 PAGASA January — March 2–3 tropical cyclones [4]
January 2013 PAGASA April — June 2–4 tropical cyclones [4]
June 30, 2013 CWB January 1 — December 31 23–27 tropical storms [5]
July 2013 PAGASA July — September 8–11 tropical cyclones [6]
July 2013 PAGASA October — December 5–8 tropical cyclones [7]
Forecast
Center 		Tropical
cyclones 		Tropical
storms 		Typhoons Ref
Actual activity: JMA 49 31 13
Actual activity: JTWC 34 28 16
Actual activity: PAGASA 25 20 11

During each season, several national meteorological services and scientific agencies forecast how many tropical cyclones, tropical storms, and typhoons will form during a season and/or how many tropical cyclones will affect a particular country.[1] These agencies include the Tropical Storm Risk (TSR) Consortium of the University College London, Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) and the Vietnamese National Center for Hydro Meteorological forecasts (VNCHMF).[1][4][5]

In early December 2012, the VNCHMF noted that a tropical depression or a tropical storm could form within December or January and affect Southern Vietnam.[8] Within its January — June seasonal climate outlook, PAGASA predicted that two to three tropical cyclones were likely to develop and/or enter the Philippine area of responsibility between January and March while two to four were predicted for the April to June period.[4] On March 3, the VNCHMF predicted that there would be 11 - 13 tropical cyclones over the South China Sea during the season, with 5-6 directly affecting Vietnam.[9] Later that month the Hong Kong Observatory, predicted that the typhoon season in Hong Kong would be near normal with four to seven tropical cyclones passing within 500 km (310 mi) of the territory compared to an average of 6.[10] In late April, the China Meteorological Administration's Shanghai Typhoon Institute (CMA-STI) predicted that between 22 and 25 tropical storms would develop within the basin during the year, while the Thai Meteorological Department (TMD) predicted that at least two tropical storms would move towards Thailand during 2013.[2] The first of the two tropical storms was predicted to pass near Upper Thailand in either August or September, while the other one was expected to move to the south of Southern Thailand during October or November.[11] On May 7, the TSR Consortium released their first forecast of the season and predicted that the basin would see a near average season with 25.6 tropical storms, 16 typhoons, 8.9 "intense" typhoons and an ACE index of about 311 units.[nb 1][1]

In late June after a slow start to the season Taiwan's Central Weather Bureau predicted that the season, would be near average of 25.7 with 23 – 27 tropical storms occurring over the basin during 2013.[5] Between two and four of the systems were also predicted to affect Taiwan compared to an average of around 3.6.[5] Within its July forecast update TSR noted that despite the slow start to the season, they continued to anticipate either near or slightly above-normal activity for the remainder of 2013; however, the ACE index was reduced slightly to 294 units.[2] During July, PAGASA predicted that between eight and eleven tropical cyclones were likely to develop and/or enter the Philippine area of responsibility between July and September while five to eight were predicted to occur between October and December.[6][7][12] Later in the month the VNCHMF, predicted that nine to ten tropical cyclones would be observed within the South China Sea, during the rest of the year.[13] They also predicted that four to five tropical cyclones would directly affect Vietnam, while the CMA-STI predicted that between 22 - 25 tropical storms would develop or move into the basin during the year.[3] On August 6, TSR released their August update and significantly lowered their forecast to 22.3 tropical storms, 13.2 typhoons, 6.6 "intense" typhoons and an ACE index of about 230, which they noted would result in activity about 20% below their 1965–2012 average.[3] This was because the season was running about 60% below the expected year-to-date activity and only one to two typhoons had developed by the end of July.[3] During October 2013, the VNCHMF predicted that one to two tropical cyclones would develop and possibly affect Vietnam between November 2013 and April 2014.[14]

Season summary

The first two-thirds of the season were very weak, with only two typhoons forming despite the average amount of named storms forming. However, the season became dramatically active since mid-September. The last fourteen named storms formed within approximately two months, yet only three of them were below the typhoon strength. Initially, Typhoon Man-yi made landfall over Japan. Tropical Depression 18W, known in Vietnam as Tropical Storm No.8, flooding triggered by the storm in Vietnam, Laos and Thailand damaged nearly US$80 million and 23 deaths. Typhoon Usagi made landfall over Guangdong, China and cost US$4.6 billion in the country, which was the third strongest storm of the basin in 2013. Later, Typhoon Wutip made landfall over Vietnam. In early October, Typhoon Fitow made landfall over Fujian, China and caused over US$10 billion damage, becoming the costliest tropical cyclone in 2013. Typhoon Danas affected Japan and South Korea, but without significant damage.

Typhoon Nari brought significant damage over the Philippines and eventually made landfall over Vietnam, as well as Typhoon Wipha which killed 41 people in Japan. Typhoon Francisco and Typhoon Lekima did not directly affect any country, but they were both violent typhoons, especially the latter one becoming the second strongest of this basin in 2013. Typhoon Krosa crossed northern Luzon on October 31 and intensified further, although it dissipated in the South China Sea. In early November, Tropical Depression Wilma formed over the Caroline Islands, moved out of the basin, and ultimately arrived in the Arabian Sea in mid-November.

At the same time in early November, Typhoon Haiyan initially affected Palau significantly. The typhoon later became one of the most intense tropical cyclones on record and immediately made landfall over the Philippines. After arriving at the South China Sea, Haiyan made landfall over Vietnam and also impact Guangxi and Hainan provinces of China. Typhoon Haiyan, also known as Typhoon Yolanda, caused 6,300 fatalities and over US$2 billion damage in the Philippines, becoming the deadliest and costliest typhoon in modern Philippine history.

Systems

Severe Tropical Storm Sonamu (Auring)

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration January 1 – January 10
Peak intensity 95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min)  990 hPa (mbar)

Early on January 1, a tropical depression developed about 1,090 km (675 mi) southwest of Guam.[15] Over the next couple of days, the depression moved northwestward and gradually developed in an area of moderate windshear.[15][16] Late on January 2, the center passed over the Philippine island of Mindanao but maintained its deep convective banding, which prompted the JTWC to issue a tropical cyclone formation alert (TCFA).[17] During the next day, PAGASA named the depression Auring. The system moved westwards into the Sulu Sea, and the JTWC initiated advisories on the system as 01W.[18][19][20] The JMA reported later that day that the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Sonamu, before the JTWC followed suit early on January 4 as the system continued to consolidate.[15][21] After further strengthening, Sonamu intensified into a severe tropical storm on January 5, with 10-minute sustained winds of 95 km/h (60 mph).[15] Early on January 8, the JMA and JTWC reported that Sonamu weakened into a tropical depression. The system dissipated on January 10 about 100 km (60 mi) west of Bintulu in Eastern Malaysia.[15]

Within the Philippines, 1 person drowned while another person died after being hit by a coconut tree.[22] A passenger ship was stranded near the coast of Dumaguete City on January 3 before being rescued.[23]

Tropical Depression Bising

Tropical depression (JMA)
 
Duration January 6 – January 13
Peak intensity 55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min)  1002 hPa (mbar)

Early on January 6, the JMA started to monitor a tropical depression that had developed, about 480 km (300 mi) to the southeast of Melekeok, Palau.[24] Over the next few days the JMA continued to monitor the system as a tropical depression, before PAGASA named it Bising during January 11.[25][26][27] Over the next few days the system moved towards the north-northeast, before it was last noted during January 13, as it weakened into an area of low pressure.[25][26][28]

Bising caused moderate to heavy rains across Bicol Region, Eastern Visayas, Central Visayas and Mindanao.[29]

Tropical Storm Shanshan (Crising)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
Duration February 18 – February 23
Peak intensity 65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min)  1002 hPa (mbar)

On February 18, a tropical depression formed about 650 km (405 mi) east of southern Mindanao,[30] with PAGASA naming it Crising.[31] With low to moderate wind shear,[32] the depression developed further. On February 19, the JTWC initiated warnings on Tropical Depression 02W,[33] but discontinued advisories two days later after the circulation became poorly defined and convection was sheared. However, the JMA reported that the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Shanshan on February 21.[30][34] The next day, Shanshan weakened into a tropical depression before dissipating northwest of Malaysia.[30]

Heavy rains from the storm triggered flooding in the southern Philippines that killed four people and left two others missing. A total of 262,880 people were affected throughout the country, nearly half in the Davao Region. The storm destroyed 53 homes and damaged 119 others, while crop damage amounted to ₱11.2 million (US$255,000).[35] On February 20, classes in three cities in Cebu were suspended due to heavy rains.[36]

Tropical Storm Yagi (Dante)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration June 6 – June 12
Peak intensity 85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min)  990 hPa (mbar)

On June 6, a tropical depression formed southeast of the Philippines within an area of moderate wind shear.[37][38] Located along the western edge of the subtropical ridge, the system gradually intensified while moving to the northeast, aided by strong divergence.[38][39] On June 7, PAGASA named the system Dante, and the next day the JMA upgraded the depression to Tropical Storm Yagi.[37][40] Later, the JTWC initiated advisories and quickly upgraded to tropical storm status after the system consolidated.[39][41] Slow strengthening continued, and Yagi peaked with winds of 85 km/h (50 mph) on June 10.[37] However, the storm was soon impacted by northwesterly wind shear, causing the system to become disorganized and weaken in intensity.[42] Early on June 12, Yagi became extratropical to the south of Japan, and four days later it dissipated about 1,600 km (995 mi) southeast of Tokyo, Japan.[37]

After Yagi had enhanced the southwest monsoon which brought heavy rain to parts of the Philippines, PAGASA declared that the rainy season had begun on June 10, 2013.[43] Yagi also brought some rain to parts of Japan, including the island of Honshu.[44]

Tropical Storm Leepi (Emong)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration June 16 – June 21
Peak intensity 75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min)  994 hPa (mbar)

Early on June 16, a tropical depression formed southeast of the Philippines, which PAGASA named Emong.[45][46] Late on June 17, the JTWC initiated advisories on Tropical Depression 04W. The next day, the JMA upgraded the depression to Tropical Storm Leepi on June 18 after further organization and a general northward movement.[45][47] Interaction with a tropical upper tropospheric trough (TUTT) cell to the east of Leepi sheared the convection to the southwest of the center, which consisted of several smaller circulations. Based on this occurrence, the JTWC downgraded the system to tropical depression intensity early on June 20,[48] and early the next day, the JMA declared Leepi as extratropical near southwestern Japan. The storm fully dissipated early on June 24.[45]

Due to heavy rainfall from the precursor system, PAGASA issued a flash flood warning for parts of Mindanao.[49] Heavy precipitation was reported in Davao City,[50] as well as Greater Manila, where the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority offered free rides to stricken commuters.[51] This system caused rains over parts of the Philippines including Southern Luzon, Visayas and Northern Mindanao. Later, the outer rainbands of Leepi caused downpours over eastern Taiwan.[52] In Okinawa, sustained winds reached 55 km/h (35 mph) and gusts peaked at 87 km/h (54 mph).[53] Despite losing much of its convection before reaching Japan, the remnants of Leepi continued to drop heavy rainfall. In Umaji, Kōchi, a station recorded 354.5 mm (13.96 in) of rain in a 24-hour period, more than half of the average June rainfall for the station.[54]

Tropical Storm Bebinca (Fabian)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration June 19 – June 24
Peak intensity 75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min)  990 hPa (mbar)

In mid-June, strong but disorganized convection persisted in the South China Sea approximately 1,110 km (690 mi) south of Hong Kong.[55] The disturbance gradually organized, and was classified as a tropical depression by the JMA at 1800 UTC on June 19;[56] PAGASA followed suit six hours later, naming the system Fabian.[57] Despite wind shear generated by a subtropical ridge, the depression maintained a well-defined circulation, allowing the system to intensify.[58] At 0000 UTC on June 21, the JMA upgraded the cyclone to Tropical Storm Bebinca.[59] Following this upgrade in strength, however, Bebinca failed to intensify further, and leveled out in intensity prior to making landfall on Hainan on June 22. Bebinca's passage weakened the system to tropical depression strength, and, despite moving over the Gulf of Tonkin, failed to restrengthen before making a final landfall on June 23 east of Hanoi.[60]

Due to the potential effects of Bebinca, Sanya Phoenix International Airport cancelled or delayed 147 inbound and outbound flights, leaving 8,000 passengers stranded.[61] In Beibu Bay, a fishing boat with four fishermen on board lost communication contact with the mainland, but were found the subsequent day.[62][63] Rainfall in Hainan peaked at 227 mm (8.9 in) in Sanya. A total of 11.55 million people were affected,[64] and damage amounted to ¥32.46 million (US$5.3 million).[65] Heavy rains affected several provinces in northern Vietnam, peaking at 356 mm (14.0 in) in Hon Ngu, Nghệ An Province.[66]

Severe Tropical Storm Rumbia (Gorio)

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration June 27 – July 2
Peak intensity 95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min)  985 hPa (mbar)

In late June, a low pressure area persisted within the ITCZ east of the Philippines. Initially tracking southward, the disturbance moved east and then recurved to the west.[67] Steadily organizing, the disturbance became a tropical depression on June 27,[68] moving to the northwest due to a nearby ridge.[69] On June 28, the disturbance strengthened into Tropical Storm Rumbia, and the next day made its first landfall on Eastern Samar in the Philippines.[68][70] Rumbia spent roughly a day moving across the archipelago before emerging into the South China Sea,[71][72] where it resumed strengthening to a peak of 95 km/h (50 mph) on July 1, a severe tropical storm.[68] The storm weakened slightly before moving ashore the Leizhou Peninsula in China late that day. Due to land interaction, Rumbia quickly weakened into a low pressure area on July 2 and dissipated soon after.[73]

Upon landfall in the Philippines, Rumbia caused extensive flooding across multiple islands, which disrupted transportation and displaced thousands of people.[74] Power outages resulted from the heavy rain and strong winds,[75] and seven deaths were reported within Concepcion, Iloilo after an unnamed motorbanca capsized.[76] At its landfall in China, Rumbia damaged large swaths of agricultural cropland and destroyed at least 112 buildings, causing ¥7.68 million in damage.[77]

Typhoon Soulik (Huaning)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration July 7 – July 14
Peak intensity 185 km/h (115 mph) (10-min)  925 hPa (mbar)

In early July, an upper-level cold-core low persisted well to the northeast of Guam.[78] Gaining tropical characteristics, the system soon developed a surface low and became a tropical depression early on July 7.[79] Tracking generally westward, a motion it would retain for its entire existence, the depression underwent a period of rapid intensification starting on July 8 that culminated in Soulik attaining its peak strength early on July 10.[80] At that time, the system had sustained winds estimated at 185 km/h (115 mph) and barometric pressure of 925 hPa (27.32 inHg).[79] Thereafter, an eyewall replacement cycle and cooler waters weakened the system.[81] Though it passed over the warm waters of the Kuroshio Current the following day,[82] dry air soon impinged upon the typhoon.[83] Soulik later made landfall late on July 12 in northern Taiwan before weakening in to a tropical storm.[79] Briefly emerging over the Taiwan Strait,[84] the storm moved onshore for a second time in Fujian on July 13.[79][85] The system was last noted on July 14, as it dissipated over land.[79]

Striking Taiwan as a strong typhoon, Soulik brought gusts up to 220 km/h (140 mph) and torrential rains.[86] Numerous trees and power lines fell,[87] leaving roughly 800,000 without electricity.[88] Severe flooding prompted thousands to evacuate as well.[86] Four people lost their lives on the island while 123 more were injured.[89] Agricultural losses in Taiwan amounted to at least NT$1.27 billion (US$42.55 million).[90] In East China, more than 162 million people were affected by the storm. Heavy rains and typhoon-force winds caused extensive damage and killed three people in Guangdong and two in Jiangxi. More than 2,000 homes collapsed and losses reached ¥2.51 billion (US$408 million).[91]

Tropical Storm Cimaron (Isang)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration July 15 – July 18
Peak intensity 75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min)  1000 hPa (mbar)

A tropical disturbance formed east of the Philippines on July 15. Later that day, it was given the name Isang by the PAGASA.[92] Early the next day, it intensified into Tropical Storm Cimaron as it made several thunderstorms. Its remnants stayed east of Taiwan on July 19 and it finally dissipated on July 20.[93]

On July 17, a lightning incident within the Philippine province of Ilocos Sur, left two people dead and two others injured.[94] Torrential rains over southern Fujian Province triggered significant flooding, with areas already saturated from Typhoon Soulik less than a week prior. A 24-hour peak of 505.3 mm (19.89 in) was measured in Mei Village, with an hourly maximum of 132.3 mm (5.21 in).[95] Many homes were inundated and several roads were washed out.[96] Some areas experienced 1-in-500-year flooding. Approximately 20.28 million people were affected by the storm, 8.92 million of whom were temporarily relocated. At least one person was killed and another was reported missing.[97] Direct economic losses from the storm amounted to ¥1.552 billion (US$252.8 million).[98] An unusually intense thunderstorm associated with Cimaron produced a prolific lightning event over Xiamen, with 406 strikes recorded in two hours.[99]

Severe Tropical Storm Jebi (Jolina)

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration July 28 – August 3
Peak intensity 95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min)  985 hPa (mbar)

On July 26, a low pressure area was observed 600 km (375 mi) east of General Santos City and was embedded along the intertropical convergence zone that brought heavy rains to Mindanao.[100] During the next three days, the low pressure area crossed the Philippines and arrived on the West Philippine Sea on July 30, located west of Batangas.[101] After favorable conditions, both PAGASA and JMA upgraded the system into a tropical depression and was named Jolina. On July 31, the JMA upgraded the system into a tropical storm and was given the international name Jebi.[102] On August 2, The JMA upgraded Jebi into severe tropical storm. Jebi weakened into tropical storm and made landfall over Northern Vietnam On August 3, as well as the JTWC and JMA downgraded into tropical storm. Jebi weakened into tropical depression, as the JMA and the JTWC issued their final warning.

In Cotabato City, incessant rains caused by the low-pressure area in Mindanao submerged 25 of its 37 villages. The floods forced the city government to suspend classes for elementary both public and private schools. Heavy rains also flooded areas around the Liguasan marshland, including 14 low-lying towns in Maguindanao and seven towns in North Cotabato.[103]

At least six people were killed in Vietnam. The most extensive losses took place in Quảng Ninh Province where 320 homes and 200 hectares of crops were damaged. Losses in the area amounted to VND10 billion (US$476,000).[104]

Tropical Storm Mangkhut (Kiko)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration August 5 – August 8
Peak intensity 75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min)  992 hPa (mbar)

Early on August 5, the JMA and PAGASA reported that a tropical depression had developed within a favourable environment for further development, about 145 km (90 mi) to the northeast of Puerto Princesa in Palawan with the latter naming it as Kiko.[105][106][107] Later that day as the system consolidated further the JMA reported that the depression had developed into a tropical storm and named it Mangkhut, before the JTWC initiated advisories and designated it as Tropical Depression 10W.[105][108][109] Over the next couple of days the system moved towards the north-northwest before it made landfall in Northern Vietnam during August 7 before it was last noted early the next day as it dissipated over Laos.[105]

Downpours throughout Wednesday night till Thursday were recorded at 80 mm (3.1 in) deep on streets of the capital, causing difficulties for many people to go to work. Meanwhile, rainfall went up to about 300 mm (12 in) in central Thanh Hóa and northern Hai Phong city amid wind with a speed hitting 62–88 km/h (40–55 mph).[110][111]

Typhoon Utor (Labuyo)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration August 8 – August 18
Peak intensity 195 km/h (120 mph) (10-min)  925 hPa (mbar)

On August 8, the JMA, JTWC, and PAGASA reported that a tropical depression had developed about 560 km (350 mi) to the north of Palau, with the latter naming it as Labuyo as it approached the Philippine Area of Responsibility.[112][113][114] During the next day, the JMA reported that the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Utor.[112] Shortly thereafter, Utor began undergoing explosive intensification, achieving typhoon status early on August 10, as an eye developed.[115] At 1200 UTC on August 11, Typhoon Utor attained peak intensity by the ten-minute maximum sustained winds reaching 195 km/h (121 mph) and the atmospheric pressure decreasing to 925 mbar (27.3 inHg). The system became exceptionally symmetrical, as the convective bands had further deepened, which prompted JTWC upgrading Utor to a super typhoon.[116] Continuing westward, Utor made landfall over northern Luzon that evening.[117] It emerged into the South China Sea as a weakened storm,[118][119] and Utor failed to re-intensify significantly.[120] At 07:50 UTC on August 14, Utor made landfall over Yangjiang in Guangdong, as a minimal typhoon.[121] On August 15, after Utor made landfall in China, its remnants continued to travel slowly in a northerly direction.

The Aurora province suffered the most damage from the typhoon, especially the coastal town of Casiguran.[122] The capital of Manila received heavy rain but no significant damage was reported. 80 percent of the infrastructure was believed to be destroyed at Casiguran (about 2,000 homes). A total of over 12,000 homes were damaged. The town was isolated from the rest of the area when Utor's wind toppled transmission lines and cut off power.[123] 158,000 residents were evacuated in southern China. Hong Kong was hit by winds of up to 85 km/h (53 mph) while neighbouring Macao was battered with gusts of 70 km/h (43 mph). One person was killed in China, and hundreds of flights were either cancelled or delayed. A 190-metre (210 yd) long cargo ship was sunk off the coast of Hong Kong due to waves reaching up to 15 metres (16 yd) high. The crew abandoned the vessel and were saved by rescue workers.[124][125][126][127] In total, Utor caused 103 deaths and affected about 2.5 million residents. The typhoon has topped $392 million (USD) in damage.[128][129][130][131]

Tropical Depression 13W

Tropical depression (JMA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
Duration August 15 – August 19
Peak intensity 55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min)  996 hPa (mbar)

On August 15, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had developed about 1,275 km (790 mi) to the southeast of Taipei.[132] After interacting with Trami, the depression hit the Eastern Chinese coast and dissipated on August 18 and its remnants continued to move westerly track.[133]

Severe Tropical Storm Trami (Maring)

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration August 16 – August 24
Peak intensity 110 km/h (70 mph) (10-min)  965 hPa (mbar)

On August 16, a tropical depression had developed within a marginal environment for further development about 340 kilometres (210 mi) southeast of Taipei, Taiwan.[134][135] During that day, the low level circulation consolidated while moving to the southeast, given the name Maring by PAGASA.[134][135][136] It interacted with another depression to the north, exhibiting the Fujiwhara effect.[137] On August 18, the depression also known as Maring strengthened into a Tropical Storm Trami according to the JMA, while steadily tracking generally eastwards.[138] Trami weakened below typhoon intensity on August 23. The remnants of the system continued to move inland in a westerly direction. Trami made landfall in the Fujian province of China on August 22, 2:40 a.m. local time.[139][140]

On August 18, officials in Luzon closed classes and government buildings in some cities due to heavy rainfall. Majors areas in Metro Manila and nearby provinces reported severe flooding. The Marikina River rose as high as 19 m (62 ft), forcing authorities evacuate nearby residents. Four provinces and Metro Manila were declared a state of calamity,[141][142][143][144][145] and there were 18 deaths.[140][146][147] The Yaeyama and Miyako Islands of Japan were battered with gusts from Trami as the system headed for Taiwan and China.[148][149] In Taiwan, the storm produced gale-force winds and heavy rainfall in northern Taiwan, with Taipei receiving 12 in (300 mm) of rain. Trami injured 10 people and forced 6,000 to evacuate, but damage was minor in Taiwan.[146][150] In Fujian in eastern China, winds peaked at 126 km/h (78 mph), and heavy rainfall occurred in several cities, forcing over 100,000 people to evacuate.[140][147] The system also intensified floods brought by earlier monsoonal rains in China, wreaking havoc. In total, Trami caused $1.83 million (USD) in damage.[140][146][147]

Severe Tropical Storm Pewa

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration August 18 (Entered basin) – August 26
Peak intensity 100 km/h (65 mph) (10-min)  990 hPa (mbar)

During August 18, the JMA and the JTWC reported that Tropical Storm Pewa, had moved into the Western Pacific basin from the Central Pacific, about 1,640 km (1,020 mi) to the southeast of Wake Island.[151][152] During August 20 the JTWC reported that Pewa had become equivalent to a Category 1 hurricane on the SSHS, before reporting that the system had weakened into a tropical storm. Later that day, it was classified as a severe tropical storm by the JMA but wasn't classified as a typhoon. Pewa moved northwest as weak vertical windshear caused it to slowly weaken on August 22. On August 23, vertical windshear caused Pewa to weaken as it moved north. Pewa was then downgraded to a tropical storm later that day. Very early on August 25, Pewa was downgraded to a storm by the JMA. The next day, Pewa's circulation became exposed as it became a depression.[153] On August 26, Pewa fully dissipated.[151]

Tropical Storm Unala

Tropical storm (JMA)
 
Duration August 19 (Entered basin) – August 19
Peak intensity 65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min)  1000 hPa (mbar)

During August 19, the JMA and JTWC reported that Tropical Storm Unala had moved into the Western Pacific basin from the Central Pacific, as it rapidly weakened and moved westwards into the periphery of Severe Tropical Storm Pewa.[154][155] The system was last noted by the JMA later that day as it weakened into a tropical depression and dissipated.[155][156]

Severe Tropical Storm Kong-rey (Nando)

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration August 25 – August 30
Peak intensity 100 km/h (65 mph) (10-min)  980 hPa (mbar)

On August 23, an area of convection persisted southeast of Manila. As indicated in global models, the system is forecast to consolidate as it moves poleward to more favorable environment conditions.[157] On August 25, the JMA announced the formation of a tropical depression to the east of the Philippines[158] and PAGASA allocated the designation Nando.[159] The next day, the JTWC also upgraded it to a tropical depression, designating it as 14W. Later that day, the JMA upgraded Nando to a tropical storm, naming it Kong-rey.[160] Kong-rey brought heavy showers and gusty winds in the Philippines as the storm continued to intensify.[161] On August 28, Kong-rey reached Severe Tropical Storm strength. It was then later has an exposed circulation shortly then it was downgraded to a tropical storm on August 29 as it is reported that 3 were killed in Taiwan.[162] Both agencies downgraded Kong-rey to a weak tropical depression, until they made their final advisory on August 30.[163]

Tropical Storm Yutu

Tropical storm (JMA)
Subtropical depression (SSHWS)
 
Duration August 29 – September 5
Peak intensity 65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min)  1002 hPa (mbar)

Late on August 29, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had developed about 1,145 km (710 mi) to the northeast of Wake Island.[164] Moving northeast, over the next three days the depression gradually developed further before the JMA named it Yutu on September 1.[164] Later that day, as dry air wrapped into the circulation and strong vertical wind shear affected the system, the JTWC declared it a subtropical low. Meanwhile, the JMA reported that Yutu had weakened into a tropical depression.[164][165] Over the next few days, Yutu performed a small loop and started to move westwards.[166] The system was subsequently last noted by both agencies on September 5, as it dissipated, while it was located about 1,425 km (885 mi) to the northeast of Wake Island.[164][167]

Severe Tropical Storm Toraji

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration August 31 – September 4
Peak intensity 95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min)  985 hPa (mbar)

Late on August 30, a disturbance formed west of Taiwan from the outer rainbands of Kong-rey. Early on August 31, the JMA upgraded it to a tropical depression that had developed about 60 km (35 mi) to the north of Taipei, Taiwan.[168] It was then later, designated as 15W by the JTWC as it moved towards the east of Taiwan. Favorable conditions of strengthening to a tropical storm as it heads to wards warm waters. Just nearly the same time when Yutu was declared a tropical storm, Tropical Depression 15W rapidly intensified into Tropical Storm Toraji. Toraji entered the southern islands of Japan as it intensified.[169] On September 2, Toraji created a small unbalanced eye as it rapidly races towards Japan. On September 3, moderate wind shear occurred as the JMA upgraded Toraji to a severe tropical storm as it enters the southern coast of Japan killing 3. Strong vertical wind shear made Toraji weaken to a depression. The JMA reported on September 4, that Toraji had degenerated into an extratropical low, before it dissipated during the next day.[168]

Typhoon Man-yi

Typhoon (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration September 11 – September 16
Peak intensity 120 km/h (75 mph) (10-min)  960 hPa (mbar)

A large disturbance formed near the Northern Mariana Islands late on September 9. Late on September 11, it developed into a tropical depression about 565 km (350 mi) to the northeast of Saipan.[170] It was designated as 16W by the JTWC and upgraded to Tropical storm Man-yi on September 12, moving northwestward. Man-yi intensifying and grew larger as the pressure dropped 20 mbar (0.59 inHg).[171] Late on September 14, Man-yi became a severe tropical storm, forming a small eye, and the next day strengthened briefly into a typhoon.[170] Man-yi turned northward toward Japan, making landfall on September 16 near Toyohashi.[172] Around that time, the storm became extratropical, and on September 20 Man-yi dissipated near the Kamchatka Peninsula.[170]

Across western Japan, hundreds of thousands of people were ordered to evacuate, including 260,000 in Kyoto. The JMA issued a “special warning” for three western Japan prefectures of Fukui, Kyoto, and Shiga. Over 70 people were injured and at least one person was killed. The government of Japan set up emergency task forces and employed rescue teams. Many homes were flooded and about 80,000 were without electricity in western and central Japan. Trains in Tokyo and its vicinity were suspended and hundreds of flights were grounded.[173]

Tropical Depression 18W

Tropical depression (JMA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
Duration September 15 – September 21
Peak intensity 55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min)  996 hPa (mbar)

On September 15, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had developed within an area of low to moderate vertical windshear, about 1,000 km (620 mi) to the southeast of Hà Nội, Vietnam.[174][175] Over the next two days the depression gradually developed further as it moved westwards, before the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert late on September 17, as vertical windshear over the system decreased slightly.[176] During the next day after the depressions low level circulation center had started to consolidate, the JTWC initiated advisories and designated it as Tropical Depression 18W.[177] During that day the system moved westwards along the southern edge of the subtropical ridge of high pressure, before the JTWC issued its final warning on the system later that day after the depression had made landfall in Vietnam.[177][178] Over the next couple of days the system continued to move westwards and moved through Vietnam, Laos and Thailand, before it was last noted on September 21, over the Thai province of Phetchabun.[179]

In Vietnam, flooding triggered by the storm killed at least seven people and 5,000 homes were damaged or destroyed. Severe flooding took place in neighboring Laos where at least 10,000 structures were damaged and losses reached $61 million.[180]

Typhoon Usagi (Odette)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration September 16 – September 24
Peak intensity 205 km/h (125 mph) (10-min)  910 hPa (mbar)

From the southwest monsoon combined with the outflow of Typhoon Man-yi, it created a couple of disturbances on September 14. Early on September 16, it became a tropical depression which developed within an area of low wind shear about 1,300 km (810 mi) east of Manila in the Philippines.[181][182] During that day as the circulation became better defined, PAGASA named the system "Odette",[183][184] and later JMA upgraded the system to Tropical Storm Usagi.[185] On September 17, JTWC upgraded Usagi to a tropical storm,[186] and the next day both JMA and JTWC upgraded Usagi to a typhoon due to a developing eye.[187] On September 19, Usagi began explosive intensification and formed a round eye; as the result, JTWC upgraded Usagi to a Category 4 super typhoon on the SSHWS, and the typhoon reached its peak intensity at 18Z.[188] On September 20, Usagi began an eyewall replacement cycle and weakened due to land interaction between Taiwan and Luzon.[189] When Usagi entered the Bashi Channel early on September 21, JTWC downgraded it to a typhoon due to weakening convection.[190] At 11:40 UTC (19:40 CST) on September 22, Usagi made landfall over Shanwei, Guangdong, China.[191] Soon, JTWC issued the final warning of Usagi, and JMA downgraded it to a severe tropical storm at 18Z.[192] On September 23, JMA downgraded Usagi to a tropical depression in Guangxi.[193]

Severe Tropical Storm Pabuk

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration September 19 – September 27
Peak intensity 110 km/h (70 mph) (10-min)  965 hPa (mbar)

On September 19, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had developed about 325 km (200 mi) to the southeast of the Northern Mariana Islands, Saipan.[194] over the next couple of days the system moved towards the northwest before the JTWC initiated advisories on the system and designated it as Tropical Depression 19W during September 21. Later that day, the JTWC upgraded it to a tropical storm as the JMA named it Pabuk very early on September 22.[194][195] Pabuk just maintained its strength as it created a weak eye on September 23. Pabuk also enhanced the southwest monsoon which brought heavy floods in the Philippines and created a disturbance which will later be Typhoon Wutip. The eye became bigger as it headed towards warm waters the next day. Pabuk was upgraded to a Category 2 typhoon by the JTWC but the JMA still has called this as a severe tropical storm on September 24. After reaching its peak intensity the following day, Severe tropical storm Pabuk weaken to a Category 1 typhoon on early on September 26. It gradually weakened before transitioning into an extratropical cyclone on September 27. Pabuk fully dissipated as it crossed the International Dateline on September 29.[196]

Typhoon Wutip (Paolo)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration September 25 – October 1
Peak intensity 120 km/h (75 mph) (10-min)  965 hPa (mbar)

A tropical disturbance formed from the southwest monsoon which was enhanced by Pabuk on September 23. On September 25, it became a tropical depression and slowly deepened off the west coast of the Philippines and named it Paolo by the PAGASA and classified as 20W by the JTWC early the next day.[197] The system tracked west and strengthened into a tropical storm and named it Wutip on September 27 as it brought rainfall across Luzon. Tropical Storm Wutip became a severe tropical storm as it moved westwards on September 28, and rapidly became a typhoon. On September 29, Wutip became a Moderate Typhoon as it created an eye towards Thailand.[198][199] It was rapidly downgraded by a tropical storm as it moved westwards on September 30. It slowly dissipated and crossed the 100th meridian very early on October 2.

As of September 29, 74 Chinese fishermen were missing after the storm sunk 3 fishing boats in the South China Sea near the Paracel Islands as Thailand and Vietnam braced for torrential rain and flooding. Fourteen survivors had been rescued. Rain reached Vietnam on September 30 and then Thailand the following day, killing 12 people in Vietnam.[200] Wutip killed 65 people in southeastern Asia during late September and early October.[201]

Tropical Storm Sepat

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration September 29 – October 2
Peak intensity 75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min)  992 hPa (mbar)

A very weak low pressure area formed on September 27. During September 28, the JTWC started to monitor and classified it as a subtropical system under strong wind shear about 2,270 km (1,410 mi) to the southeast of Tokyo, Japan.[202] After trnastioning into a tropical cyclone,[203] the JMA reported that the system had become a tropical depression during the next day.[204] After consolidating,[203] the JMA reported that the system had become a tropical storm early on September 30.[204] The JTWC subsequently designated the system as Tropical Depression 21W later that day, as they initiated advisories on the system.[205] It impacted Japan on October 2 without any damages and casualties. Tropical Storm Sepat entered cool waters later that day and became extratropical.[206]

Typhoon Fitow (Quedan)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration September 29 – October 7
Peak intensity 140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min)  960 hPa (mbar)

A large tropical disturbance formed east of Palau late on September 26. It intensified to a tropical depression on September 29, and the PAGASA named it Quedan and JTWC designated it with 22W later that day. On September 30, deep convection wrapped around Quedan as it became a tropical storm, and it was named Fitow on October 1.[207] Fitow rapidly intensified into a Category 2 typhoon as it moved north on October 3. A large eye developed as Fitow slammed into the southern Japanese Islands late on October 4, killing two people.[208] Chinese authorities recalled some 65,000 fishing boats as 200 km/h (120 mph) wind gusts battered Wenzhou. 574,000 people were evacuated from Zhejiang and 177,000 from Fujian.

70% of downtown Yuyao was flooded, which led to damage valued at over 20 billion yuan[209] as well as riots and action by riot police.[210]

Chinese authorities reported one person killed in Wenzhou and two dock workers missing.[211]

Typhoon Danas (Ramil)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration October 1 – October 9
Peak intensity 165 km/h (105 mph) (10-min)  935 hPa (mbar)

On October 1, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had developed within an area of moderate vertical windshear, about 900 km (560 mi) to the northeast of Hagåtña, Guam.[212][213] Over the next 2 days the system gradually developed further as the low level circulation consolidated and became better defined, before the JTWC initiated advisories and designated the system as Tropical Depression 23W during October 3.[214][215][216] During the next day both the JTWC and the JMA reported that the depression had developed into a tropical storm with the latter naming it as Danas.[213][217] On October 5, Danas became a severe tropical storm and rapidly became a Category 1 typhoon as it races west towards warm waters.

Late on the same day, some agencies reported that it would reach early Category 5 strength because of explosive intensification occurred and more convection wraps the storm. Early on October 6, Typhoon Danas was classified as a Category 2-3 typhoon as a small eye developed as the PAGASA gave it the name Ramil as it passed through the corner of the Philippine area-of-responsibility later that day as a strong Category 3 typhoon.[218] Typhoon Danas underwent explosive intensification as it steadily and slowly enters warmwaters again making it a Category 4 typhoon.[219] Its eye became wider and was classified as an annular typhoon and impacted the Ryukyu Islands on October 7.[220][221] Typhoon Danas then rapidly weakened as it entered cool waters near Japan on October 8,[222] and on October 9, Danas became extratropical as it headed toward the northern part of Japan.[223][224] Its remnants continued to be a low-pressure area and entered southern Alaska and Canada on October 13.

Typhoon Nari (Santi)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration October 8 – October 16
Peak intensity 140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min)  965 hPa (mbar)

On October 8, the JMA started to monitor a tropical depression, that developed within an area of low to moderate vertical windshear, about 1,350 km (840 mi) to the west of Manila on the Philippine island of Luzon.[203][225] During that day the system moved westwards along the southern edge of a subtropical ridge of high pressure, as it gradually developed further, before it was named Santi by PAGASA.[203][226][227] It gradually intensified into a tropical storm, gaining the international name Nari on October 9. Nari continued to intensify, and reached Category 3 status on October 11 as it moved west towards the Philippines and made landfall in Dingalan, Aurora. Power outages affected much of Central Luzon as the typhoon crossed the region.[228] Five people were killed by falling trees and landslides from Nari as it weakened to a Category 2 typhoon on October 12.[229] With land interaction, Nari weakened to a Severe Tropical Storm during October 13. Late on October 14, the system affected Vietnam and made landfall later that day. Due to land interaction, Nari weakened to an remnant low. Early on October 16, both the JMA and JTWC issued their final warnings on Nari, as the system dissipated.

Typhoon Wipha (Tino)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration October 9 – October 16
Peak intensity 165 km/h (105 mph) (10-min)  930 hPa (mbar)

On October 8, 2013 the JMA started to monitor a tropical depression, that developed within an area of low to moderate vertical windshear, about 670 km (415 mi) to the east of Hagåtña on the island of Guam.[230][231] Tropical Depression 25W formed 696 nautical miles south of Iwo Jima, Japan on October 10.[232][233][234] It strengthened into Tropical Storm Wipha, then continued to intensify into a severe tropical storm[235] and later a typhoon.[236][237] Wipha then rapidly intensified into a Category 4 typhoon on October 13.[238] During the morning of October 14, Wipha entered the Philippine area of responsibility, and PAGASA promptly named it Tino as it created an eyewall replacement cycle becoming a Category 4 typhoon later that day.[239] Early on October 15, Wipha rapidly weakened as it approached cooler waters near Japan. Late on October 16, Wipha transitioned into an extratropical storm. The remnants of Wipha continued to accelerate towards the northeast, and was located southeast of the Kamchatka Peninsula on October 17. Soon afterwards, Wipha turned to the east, and crossed the International Dateline on October 18.

Typhoon Francisco (Urduja)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration October 15 – October 26
Peak intensity 195 km/h (120 mph) (10-min)  920 hPa (mbar)

On October 15, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had developed about 465 km (290 mi) to the northeast of Hagåtña, Guam.[240] During that day the depression gradually developed further before later that day the JTWC designated it as Tropical Depression 26W.[241] It was subsequently named Francisco by the JMA as it very rapidly became a Severe Tropical Storm early on October 17.[242][243] Explosive intensification occurred, and Francisco evolved to a Category 5 super typhoon late on October 19 and reached peak intensity early later that day.[244] Francisco slowly weakened as it underwent an eyewall replacement cycle. At noon on October 21, Typhoon Francisco rapidly weakened to a Category 3 typhoon and became an annular typhoon. Very early on October 22, Francisco entered the Philippine area of responsibility and it was given the name Urduja, as convection around Francisco started to weaken later that day.[245] On October 23, Typhoon Francisco was downgraded to a Severe tropical storm as it impacted the Ryukyu Islands. On October 26, Francisco impacted Japan as a tropical storm. It then rapidly dissipated southeast of Japan also interacting with extratropical storm Lekima the same day.

Tropical Depression 27W

Tropical depression (JMA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
Duration October 17 – October 22
Peak intensity 55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min)  1002 hPa (mbar)

Early on October 17, a tropical depression developed about 900 km (560 mi) northeast of Guam.[246] The system gradually developed further within an area of moderate windshear that was off-set by an outflow mechanism,[247][248] and early on October 19, the JTWC designated it as Tropical Depression 27W.[249] During that day, the system moved northeastwards within an area of strong wind shear, along the southwestern edge of the subtropical ridge.[250] The JTWC issued their final advisory on the system early on October 20, after convection diminished.[251] The system was last noted by the JMA on October 23 southeast of Tokyo, Japan.[252]

Typhoon Lekima

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration October 19 – October 26
Peak intensity 215 km/h (130 mph) (10-min)  905 hPa (mbar)

Early on October 19, 2013 the JMA reported that a tropical depression had developed, within an area of strong vertical windshear, about 730 km (455 mi) to the northeast of the Micronesian island of Pohnpei.[253][254] Due to an increase in convection and a consolidating low level circulation centre, the JTWC issued a tropical cyclone formation alert on the system later that day.[255] On October 20, the JTWC initiated advisories on the system later that day, while the JMA upgraded the system into Tropical Storm Lekima at 1800 UTC after it had developed into a tropical storm.[253][256] The next day, the JMA reported that Lekima had become a severe tropical storm, while the JTWC reported that the system had become a typhoon.[253][257]

After JMA upgraded Lekima to a typhoon early on October 22, the system began to undergo rapid deepening, developing a well-defined eye with a symmetric eyewall.[253][258] Late on the same day, JTWC upgraded the system to a super typhoon with Category 5 strength on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale, owing to dual-channel outflow.[259]

Since early on October 23, JMA reported that Typhoon Lekima has reached peak intensity and maintained for over one day.[253] However, morphed integrated microwave imageries at CIMSS (MIMIC) depict that Lekima underwent an eyewall replacement cycle late on that day and completed it one day later.[260] Lekima started to slowly weaken on October 24, and JTWC downgraded it to a typhoon.[261] On October 25, under moderate to strong westerly vertical wind shear and interacting with the mid-latitude westerlies, Lekima began an extratropical transition and lost the eyewall structure.[262] On October 26, Lekima completed its transition east of Japan and weakened into a storm-force developed low. The low fully dissipated as it crossed the International Dateline on October 28.[253]

Typhoon Krosa (Vinta)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration October 27 – November 5
Peak intensity 140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min)  970 hPa (mbar)

A non-tropical system formed late on October 23. It became a low pressure area on October 26. On October 27, the JMA started to classify it as a tropical depression that had developed within a moderately favourable environment for further development, about 380 km (235 mi) to the southeast of Hagåtña, Guam.[263] On October 28, the system was given the designation 29W by the JTWC and named Vinta by the PAGASA.[264] It became Tropical Storm Krosa by the JMA as it slowly intensified nearing the Philippines early on October 30. The next day, Krosa reached Category 1 typhoon intensity. Later that morning, the typhoon made landfall over Santa Ana, Cagayan. The typhoon intensified into a Category 2 typhoon soon after its Cagayan landfall. It is reported that 1 person died by heavy floods.[265] On November 1, Krosa weakened to a Category 1 typhoon, but on early November 2, its eye expanded as it was in the South China Sea and became a Category 2 again. It maintained it strength and became a Category 3 typhoon later that day as vertical windshear occurred north of it.

Tropical Depression 30W (Wilma)

Tropical depression (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration November 2 – November 7
(Exited basin on Nov. 8)
Peak intensity 55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min)  1004 hPa (mbar)

A broad circulation formed early on October 31. On November 1, the JMA reported that it was upgraded to a tropical depression that had developed, about 280 km (175 mi) to the south of Palau. On November 2, the tropical depression weakened into a low pressure area.[266][267] On November 3, the system regenerated into a tropical depression, and the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert. The storm was then given the name Wilma by the PAGASA, and the designation 30W by the JTWC, as it impacted northern Mindanao. On November 4, Wilma weakened, and spawned a waterspout that caused minor damage.[268][269] On November 6, the system impacted Vietnam, before it became a remnant low late on November 7. Then on November 8, the remnants of the storm continued to move west, crossing the 100th meridian east, and affecting Myanmar.[270] The storm crossed the Malay Peninsula into the Bay of Bengal later on the same day

Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
 
Duration November 3 – November 11
Peak intensity 230 km/h (145 mph) (10-min)  895 hPa (mbar)

On November 3, a low-pressure area formed 45 nautical miles south-southeast of Pohnpei. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert. A few hours later, the JTWC designated the depression as "31W". At 10 AM JST the next day, the JMA named 31W as Haiyan. Haiyan rapidly intensified as it headed towards Palau and the Philippines. Rapid deepening occurred and it became a Category 5 super typhoon as it entered the Philippine area of responsibility, and was named Yolanda. Haiyan reached a barometric pressure below 900 mbars (895 mbars), the first since Typhoon Megi in 2010. On November 8, Typhoon Haiyan weakened to a Category 4 typhoon as it entered the South China Sea. An eyewall replacement cycle occurred to Haiyan as it became a Category 3 typhoon. On November 9, the outer rainbands of the storm were felt in Cambodia and Vietnam. It weakened to a moderate typhoon as it impacted Laos. Typhoon Haiyan rapidly weakened to a severe tropical storm as it killed 12 people in China on November 10, dissipating inland the following day.

Within the Philippines, Haiyan was the worst tropical cyclone to impact the island nation, as it became both the deadliest and most damaging typhoon since reliable records started in 1970.[271] According to The Philippine National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council, a total of 6,300 people were reported to have died in Haiyan, with 5,902 or 93% of the deaths occurring in Eastern Visayas.[271] The cause of most of these deaths was attributed to trauma and people drowning, however, other causes included being electrocuted and hit by uprooted trees.[271] Overall total damages were estimated at PHP 181.325 billion or US$3.64 billion.[271]

Tropical Storm Podul (Zoraida)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
Duration November 11 – November 15
Peak intensity 65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min)  1000 hPa (mbar)

Early on November 9, the JMA reported that a disorganized tropical depression had developed to the southeast of Koror, Palau.[272][273] Following an increase in organization,[274] the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert for the system during November 10, as it was named Zoraida by PAGASA.[274][275] Early on November 12, Tropical Depression Zoraida made landfall over Davao Oriental province in Eastern Mindando, before it moved into the Sulu Sea later that day.[276][277]

On November 14, the system intensified to a tropical storm, and it was named Podul by the JMA.

Early on November 15, the JTWC issued their final warning on Podul, as the remnants of the system's low level circulation center made landfall over Vietnam.[278] After moving westwards through Vietnam and Cambodia and into the Gulf of Thailand, Podul was last noted by the JMA and the Thai Meteorological Department during the next day.[279][280][281]

Other systems

A tropical depression near the Philippines on March 20, 2013

Early on March 20, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had developed about 1,470 km (915 mi) to the southeast of Manila, in an area of moderate vertical wind shear.[282][283] Over the next two days the system moved towards the west-northwest, before it was last noted by the JMA during March 22, as it dissipated over Southern Mindanao.[282][284][285] During April 11, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had briefly developed within the Gulf of Thailand, about 440 km (275 mi) to the southeast of Ho Chi Minh City.[286][287] On June 14, the CMA reported that a tropical depression had developed within a broad circulation that spanned most of the South China Sea, about 420 km (260 mi) to the southwest of Hong Kong.[288][289] Over the next day the system moved towards the north-east and in conjunction with an area of high pressure located over south-eastern China, brought strong winds to south-eastern China and Hong Kong.[290] The system was subsequently last noted by the CMA during the next day while it was located over Hainan Island.[291][292] Early on July 18, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had developed within the monsoon trough in an unfavorable environment for further development, about 710 km (440 mi) to the southwest of Manila.[293][294] Over the next couple of days the system moved towards Hainan Island and Northern Vietnam, before it was last noted on July 20, as it dissipated about 250 km (155 mi) to the southeast of Hanoi, Vietnam.[295][296]

On August 10, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had developed about 500 km (310 mi) to the southeast of Manila in the Philippines.[297] Tropical Depression Three-C moved into the Western Pacific basin, from the Central Pacific during August 20.[298] However, the system quickly dissipated within the Western Pacific, as it suffered from increased vertical wind shear, which was caused by the outflow of Typhoon Pewa.[298] Early on August 27, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had developed about 685 km (425 mi) to the south of Hong Kong.[299] Early on August 28, the JMA started to monitor a tropical depression that had developed despite strong vertical wind shear about 925 km (575 mi) northwest of Anderson Air Force Base in Guam.[300][301] Remaining nearly stationary, dry air started to wrap in to the system's fully exposed low level circulation center.[302][303] The system dissipated two days later on August 30.

A tropical depression in the South China Sea on August 28, 2013

Early on September 6, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had developed about 420 km (260 mi) to the northeast of Manila.[304] The system moved towards the west-northwest before it was last noted by the JMA later that day, as a new tropical depression developed about 1,400 km (870 mi) to the southeast of Wake Island.[305][306] The next day, the depression moved towards the west-northwest before it was last noted by the JMA later that day.[307][308] On September 23, the JMA noted that a tropical depression had briefly developed about 1,600 km (995 mi) the north of Wake Island.[309] Late on October 2, the JMA started to monitor a tropical depression that had developed about 900 km (560 mi) to the northeast of Wake Island.[310] Over the next day, the system remained nearly stationary before it was last noted on October 4.[311][312][313] On October 4, the JMA started to monitor a tropical depression, that had developed within the Gulf of Thailand.[314][315] Over the next couple of days, the system moved westward within an area of low to moderate vertical wind shear, before it passed over the Malay Peninsula and moved out of the Western Pacific Basin on October 6, and later developed into Cyclone Phailin.[252][316]

On November 18, the JMA noted that a tropical depression had developed, about 215 km (135 mi) to the west of Bandar Seri Begawan.[317] During that day it moved westwards, but was last noted by the JMA later that day.[318][319] During the next day the JMA reported that a tropical depression had developed, about 365 km (225 mi) to the west of Kuala Lumpur.[320] Over the next few days the system moved towards the west-northwest and moved into an extremely favorable environment, for further development while located over the Malay Peninsula during November 21.[321] The next day, it crossed 100°E and moved into the North Indian Ocean, where it later developed into Cyclone Lehar.[322][323]

Tropical Depression 33W was a short lived tropical depression that was first noted during as a tropical disturbance during December 2, while it was located about 685 km (425 mi) to the northeast of Hagåtña, Guam.[324] Over the next day, the system quickly developed into a tropical depression, within marginal environment for further development, before it was declared to be a tropical depression during December 3.[324][325] However, the system quickly weakened and was last noted as it dissipated over the Pacific Ocean to the northeast of Guam during the next day.[324]

Storm names

Within the North-western Pacific Ocean, both the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) and the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration assign names to tropical cyclones that develop in the Western Pacific, which can result in a tropical cyclone having two names.[326] The Japan Meteorological Agency's RSMC Tokyo — Typhoon Center assigns international names to tropical cyclones on behalf of the World Meteorological Organization's Typhoon Committee, should they be judged to have 10-minute sustained windspeeds of 65 km/h (40 mph).[327] While the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration assigns names to tropical cyclones which move into or form as a tropical depression in their area of responsibility located between 135°E and 115°E and between 5°N-25°N even if the cyclone has had an international name assigned to it.[326] The names of significant tropical cyclones are retired, by both PAGASA and the Typhoon Committee.[327] Should the list of names for the Philippine region be exhausted then names will be taken from an auxiliary list of which the first ten are published each season. Unused names are marked in gray.

International names

During the season 29 tropical storms developed in the Western Pacific and each one was named by the JMA, when the system was judged to have 10-minute sustained windspeeds of 65 km/h (40 mph). The JMA selected the names from a list of 140 names, that had been developed by the 14 members nations and territories of the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee. During the season the names Leepi and Mangkhut were used for the first time, after they had replaced the names Xangsane and Durian, which were retired after the 2006 season.

Sonamu Shanshan Yagi Leepi Bebinca Rumbia Soulik Cimaron Jebi Mangkhut Utor Trami Kong-rey Yutu Toraji
Man-yi Usagi Pabuk Wutip Sepat Fitow Danas Nari Wipha Francisco Lekima Krosa Haiyan Podul

After the season the Typhoon Committee retired the names Sonamu, Utor, Fitow and Haiyan from its naming lists, and in February 2015, the names were subsequently replaced with Jongdari, Barijat, Mun and Bailu for future seasons.[328]

Philippines

Auring Bising Crising Dante Emong
Fabian Gorio Huaning Isang Jolina
Kiko Labuyo Maring Nando Odette
Paolo Quedan Ramil Santi Tino
Urduja Vinta Wilma Yolanda Zoraida
Auxiliary list
Alamid (unused) Bruno (unused) Conching (unused) Dolor (unused) Ernie (unused)
Florante (unused) Gerardo (unused) Hernan (unused) Isko (unused) Jerome (unused)

During the season PAGASA used its own naming scheme for the 25 tropical cyclones, that either developed within or moved into their self-defined area of responsibility.[329] The names were taken from a list of names, that had been last used during 2009 and are scheduled to be used again during 2017.[329] The names Fabian, Odette and Paolo were used for the first time during the year after the names Ondoy, and Pepeng were retired.

After the season the names Labuyo, Santi and Yolanda were retired by PAGASA, as they had caused over 300 deaths and over PhP1 billion in damages.[330] They were subsequently replaced on the list with Lannie, Salome and Yasmin.

Season effects

This table lists all the storms that developed in the northwestern Pacific Ocean west of the International Date Line and north of the equator during 2013. It includes their intensity, duration, name, areas affected, deaths, and damage totals. Classification and intensity values are based on estimations conducted by the JMA. All damage figures are in 2013 USD. Damages and deaths from a storm include when the storm was a precursor wave or an extratropical low.


Name Dates active Peak classification Sustained
wind speeds		 Pressure Areas affected Damage
(USD)		 Deaths Refs
Sonamu (Auring) January 1 – 10 Severe tropical storm 95 km/h (60 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Philippines, Vietnam, Borneo Minimal 2 [22]
Bising January 6 – 13 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Philippines $34 thousand None [331]
Shanshan (Crising) February 18 – 23 Tropical storm 65 km/h (40 mph) 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Philippines, Borneo $255 thousand 4 [35]
TD March 20 – 21 Tropical depression Not specified 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) Philippines None None
Yagi (Dante) June 6 – 12 Tropical storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Philippines, Japan None None
TD June 14 – 15 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) China, Hong Kong None None
Leepi (Emong) June 16 – 21 Tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Philippines, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, South Korea, Japan None None
Bebinca (Fabian) June 19 – 24 Tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Philippines, China, Vietnam $17.3 million 1 [332][333]
Rumbia (Gorio) June 27 – July 2 Severe tropical storm 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Philippines, China $179 million 7 [76][332]
Soulik (Huaning) July 7 – 14 Typhoon 185 km/h (115 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Philippines, Japan, Taiwan, China $557 million 11 [332][334]
Cimaron (Isang) July 15 – 18 Tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Philippines, Taiwan, China $325 million 6 [94][332][334]
TD July 18 – 20 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None None None
Jebi (Jolina) July 28 – August 3 Severe tropical storm 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Philippines, China, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand $21 million 6 [332][335]
Mangkhut (Kiko) August 5 – 8 Tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Philippines, Vietnam, China, Laos, Thailand $4.5 million 4
Utor (Labuyo) August 8 – 18 Typhoon 195 km/h (120 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Philippines, China $2.6 billion 97 [332][335][336]
TD August 10 – 12 Tropical depression Not specified 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None None None
13W August 15 – 19 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) Okinawa, China None None
Trami (Maring) August 16 – 24 Severe tropical storm 110 km/h (70 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Philippines, Taiwan, Okinawa, China $563 million 29 [332]
Pewa August 18 – 26 Severe tropical storm 100 km/h (65 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) None None None
Unala August 19 Tropical storm 65 km/h (40 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None None None
03C August 20 Tropical depression 50 km/h (20 mph) 1008 hPa (29.77 inHg) None None None [298]
Kong-rey (Nando) August 25 – 30 Severe tropical storm 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Philippines, Taiwan, China, Japan, South Korea $25 million 6 [332][335]
TD August 27 – 29 Tropical depression Not specified 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None None None
TD August 27 – 30 Tropical depression Not specified 1008 hPa (29.77 inHg) None None None
Yutu August 29 – September 5 Tropical storm 65 km/h (40 mph) 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None None None [164]
Toraji August 31 – September 4 Severe tropical storm 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Taiwan, Japan Minor 3
Man-yi September 11 – 16 Typhoon 120 km/h (75 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Japan, Kamchatka Peninsula Moderate 6 [337]
18W September 15 – 21 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) Vietnam, Laos, Thailand $79.7 million 23 [180][338][339][340][341][342][343]
Usagi (Odette) September 16 – 24 Typhoon 205 km/h (125 mph) 910 hPa (26.87 inHg) Philippines, Taiwan, China $4.33 billion 35 [332]
Pabuk September 19 – 27 Severe tropical storm 110 km/h (70 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Northern Mariana Islands None None
TD September 22 – 23 Tropical depression Not specified 1010 hPa (29.83 inHg) None None None
Wutip (Paolo) September 25 – October 1 Typhoon 120 km/h (75 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, Laos, China $523 million 65 [332][344]
Sepat September 29 – October 2 Tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Japan, Kamchatka Peninsula None None
Fitow (Quedan) September 29 – October 7 Typhoon 140 km/h (85 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Philippines, Palau, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, China $10.4 billion 12 [332]
Danas (Ramil) October 1 – 9 Typhoon 165 km/h (105 mph) 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, Ryukyu Islands, Japan, South Korea None None
TD October 2 – 4 Tropical depression Not specified 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) None None None
Phailin October 5 – 6 Tropical depression Not specified 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Malay Peninsula None None
Nari (Santi) October 8 – 16 Typhoon 140 km/h (85 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Philippines, China, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand $153 million 87 [332][345][346][347]
Wipha (Tino) October 9 – 16 Typhoon 165 km/h (105 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, Japan, Kamchatka Peninsula, Alaska $100 million 41 [337]
Francisco (Urduja) October 15 – 26 Typhoon 195 km/h (120 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) Guam, Japan $150 thousand None
27W October 17 – 22 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None None None
Lekima October 19 – 26 Typhoon 215 km/h (130 mph) 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) Northern Mariana Islands, Iwo Jima, Japan None None
Krosa (Vinta) October 27 – November 5 Typhoon 140 km/h (85 mph) 970 hPa (28.65 inHg) Philippines, Taiwan, China, Vietnam $6.4 million 9
30W (Wilma) November 2 – 7 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Palau, Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar Minor None
Haiyan (Yolanda) November 3 – 11 Typhoon 230 km/h (145 mph) 895 hPa (26.43 inHg) Chuuk, Yap, Palau, Philippines, Vietnam, Laos, China $2.86 billion 6,343 [271][332][348]
Podul (Zoraida) November 11 – 15 Tropical storm 65 km/h (40 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Palau, Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand $72 million 44
TD November 17 – 18 Tropical depression Not specified 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) Vietnam None None
Lehar November 19 – 22 Tropical depression Not specified 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand None None
33W December 3 Tropical depression Not specified 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) None None None [324]
Season aggregates
49 systems January 1 – December 3 230 km/h (145 mph) 895 hPa (26.43 inHg) $23.6 billion 6841

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ According to the TSR, an intense tropical cyclone is a tropical cyclone with maximum 1-minute sustained winds greater than 175 km/h (110 mph).[1]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Saunders, Mark; Lea, Adam (May 7, 2013). Extended Range Forecast for Northwest Pacific Typhoon Activity in 2013 (PDF) (Report). Tropical Storm Risk Consortium. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 8, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  2. 1 2 3 Saunders, Mark; Lea, Adam (July 8, 2013). July Forecast Update for Northwest Pacific Typhoon Activity in 2013 (PDF) (Report). Tropical Storm Risk Consortium. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 8, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Saunders, Mark; Lea, Adam (August 6, 2013). August Forecast Update for Northwest Pacific Typhoon Activity in 2013 (PDF) (Report). Tropical Storm Risk Consortium. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 6, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Servando, Nathaniel T (August 13, 2012). "January — June 2013" (PDF) (Seasonal Climate Outlook). Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 5, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
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  8. ↑ "NHẬN ĐỊNH BỔ SUNG XU THẾ THỜI TIẾT MÙA ĐÔNG XUÂN NĂM 2012-2013" (in Vietnamese). Vietnamese National Center for Hydro Meteorological forecasts. December 6, 2013. Archived from the original on January 21, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
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  16. ↑ "Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans January 2, 2013 13z". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. January 2, 2013. Archived from the original on January 3, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  17. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert: January 2, 2013 21z". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. January 2, 2013. Archived from the original on September 14, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  18. ↑ "Tropical Depression "Auring" January 3, 2013 03z" (Tropical Cyclone Alert). Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. January 3, 2013. Archived from the original on January 3, 2013. Retrieved October 23, 2013.
  19. ↑ "Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans January 3, 2013 06z". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. January 3, 2013. Archived from the original on September 14, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  20. ↑ "Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 01W Warning Nr 01". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. January 3, 2013. Archived from the original on January 3, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  21. ↑ "Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 01W (Sonamu) Warning Nr 03". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. January 4, 2013. Archived from the original on January 4, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
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  23. ↑ "Tropical storm Auring leaves 1 dead, 500 displaced in Phl". Philstar. January 5, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  24. ↑ "JMA WWJP25 Warning and Summary January 6, 2013 06z". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on January 7, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  25. 1 2 Young, Steve (February 17, 2013). "Global Tropical System Tracks — January 2013". Australian Severe Weather. Archived from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved October 14, 2013.
  26. 1 2 Padua, Michael V (January 14, 2013). "Tropical Depression Bising Storm Log (JMA/PAGASA)". Typhoon 2000. Archived from the original on October 15, 2013. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
  27. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Warning: Tropical Depression "Bising": Number One January 11, 2013 15z". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on January 12, 2013. Retrieved October 14, 2013.
  28. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Warning: Tropical Depression "Bising": Number Six January 13, 2013 03z". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on January 13, 2013. Retrieved November 3, 2013.
  29. ↑ Macairan, Evelyn (January 13, 2013). "Bising dumps rains on 3 provinces". The Philippine Star. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  30. 1 2 3 Tropical Storm Shanshan (RSMC Tropical Cyclone Best Track). Japan Meteorological Agency. March 19, 2013. Archived from the original on March 19, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  31. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Warning: Tropical Depression Crising: Number One February 18, 2013 09z". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on February 18, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  32. ↑ "Significant Tropical Weather Outlook for the Western and South Pacific Ocean February 18, 2013 06z". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. February 18, 2013. Archived from the original on February 18, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  33. ↑ "Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 02W Warning Nr 1 February 19, 2013 03z". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. February 19, 2013. Archived from the original on February 19, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  34. ↑ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory February 22, 2013 00z". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on February 22, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  35. 1 2 Sitrep No. 13 re: Effects of Tropical Depression "Crising" (PDF) (Report). National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. February 24, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 7, 2013. Retrieved December 7, 2013.
  36. ↑ "Cebu, Lapu-lapu, Talisay cities suspend classes due to Crising". Sun Star. February 20, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  37. 1 2 3 4 Tropical Storm Yagi (RSMC Tropical Cyclone Best Track). Japan Meteorological Agency. July 16, 2013. Archived from the original on July 17, 2013. Retrieved November 3, 2013.
  38. 1 2 "Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans June 6, 2013 06z". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. June 6, 2013. Archived from the original on November 3, 2013. Retrieved November 3, 2013.
  39. 1 2 "Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 03W (Yagi) Warning Nr 1". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. June 8, 2013. Archived from the original on June 10, 2013. Retrieved November 3, 2013.
  40. ↑ http://www.webcitation.org/6HGryDO31?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/TCUPDATE_201306071530.htm
  41. ↑ "Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 03W (Yagi) Warning Nr 2". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. June 8, 2013. Archived from the original on June 10, 2013. Retrieved November 3, 2013.
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  46. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Alert: Tropical Depression "Emong" June 16, 2013 09z". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on June 17, 2013.
  47. ↑ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory: Tropical Storm Leepi: June 18, 2013 00z". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on June 18, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  48. ↑ "Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 04W (Leepi) Warning Nr 10". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. June 20, 2013. Archived from the original on July 1, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  49. ↑ Dinglasan, Rouchelle R. (June 15, 2013). "Flash flood warning up over Davao Oriental and Compostela Valley". GMA News Online. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  50. ↑ "PAGASA: LPA hovering off Surigao City; floods, landslides threaten Bicol, Vis-Min". GMA News Online. June 16, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  51. ↑ "PAGASA issues new rainfall advisory for NCR; MMDA offers free rides". GMA News Online. June 17, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
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  54. ↑ "Typhoon weakens, heavy rain still continues". The Mainichi. Tokyo, Japan. The Mainichi. June 21, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  55. ↑ "Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans June 18, 2013 20z". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. June 18, 2013. Archived from the original on June 20, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  56. ↑ Tropical Storm Bebinca (RSMC Tropical Cyclone Best Track). Japan Meteorological Agency. July 17, 2013. Archived from the original on July 17, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  57. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Alert: Tropical Depression "Fabian": Number One June 20, 2013 03z". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on June 20, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  58. ↑ "Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 05W Warning Nr 3 June 20, 2013 09z". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. June 20, 2013. Archived from the original on June 21, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  59. ↑ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory TS Bebinca (1305) June 21, 2013 00z". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on June 21, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  60. ↑ "SA GITNA NG BAGYO: TS Bebinca Update #5 (LANDFALL)". Sagitnangbagyo.blogspot.co.uk. June 23, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  61. ↑ Xuequan, Mu (June 22, 2013). "8,000 passengers stranded as tropical storm Bebinca hits S China". Sanya, China. Xinhua. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  62. ↑ "4 fishermen missing after Bebinca reaches S China". Xinhua. June 22, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  63. ↑ Xuequan, Mu (June 22, 2013). "Four missing fishermen found in S China". Haikou, China. Xinhua. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  64. ↑ 刘辰瑶 (June 24, 2013). 长江流域将现大暴雨 贝碧嘉减弱未致人员伤亡 (in Chinese). China.Huanqiu. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  65. ↑ 付美斌 (June 23, 2013). 热带风暴"贝碧嘉"致海南损失逾3200万元 (in Chinese). 中新社. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  66. ↑ "Bão số 2 đã suy yếu thành vùng áp thấp" (in Vietnamese). CAND Online. June 24, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  67. ↑ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. "Invest 99W Location File". Naval Research Laboratory. Archived from the original on June 27, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  68. 1 2 3 Severe Tropical Storm Rumbia Best Track (Report). Japan Meteorological Agency. July 24, 2013. Retrieved December 16, 2013.
  69. ↑ "Significant Tropical Weather Outlook for the Western and South Pacific Ocean June 27, 2013 02z". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on April 2, 2011.
  70. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Alert: Tropical Storm "Gorio" June 29, 2013 03z". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. June 29, 2013. Archived from the original on June 29, 2013.
  71. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Alert: Tropical Storm "Gorio" June 30, 2013 03z". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. June 29, 2013. Archived from the original on July 1, 2013.
  72. ↑ "Prognostic Reasoning For Tropical Storm 06W (Rumbia) Warning NR 09". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. June 30, 2013. Archived from the original on July 1, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  73. ↑ "Rumbia (Northwestern Pacific)". Nasa.gov. July 2, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
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