18th Royal Hussars

18th Royal Hussars (Queen Mary's Own)

Badge of the 18th Royal Hussars
Active 1759–1821
1858–1922
Country  Kingdom of Great Britain (1759–1800)
 United Kingdom (1801–1922)
Branch  British Army
Type Cavalry
Role Line Cavalry
Size 1 Regiment
Nickname(s) The Young 15th
The Drogheda Light Horse
Motto(s) Pro rege, pro lege, pro patria conamur
(For King, for Law, for Country we strive)
Commanders
Notable
commanders

Field Marshal Charles Moore, 1st Marquess of Drogheda

General Sir Edward Hodge

The 18th Royal Hussars (Queen Mary's Own) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army, first formed in 1759. It saw service for two centuries, including the First World War before being amalgamated with the 13th Hussars to form the 13th/18th Royal Hussars in 1922.

History

Early history

Charles, Marquess of Drogheda, the founder of the regiment

The regiment was first raised by Charles, Marquess of Drogheda as the 19th Regiment of (Light) Dragoons in 1759; it was also known as Drogheda's Light Horse.[1] It was renumbered the 18th Regiment of (Light) Dragoons in 1763, and briefly the 4th Regiment of Light Dragoons in 1766 before reverting to the 18th in 1769.[1] Arthur Wesley was briefly a junior officer in the regiment between October 1792 and April 1793.[2] The regiment undertook a one-year tour in Saint-Domingue between February 1796 and February 1797.[3] It was in action at the Battle of Bergen in September 1799 during the Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland.[4]

In 1805 it took the title of the 18th (King's Irish) Regiment of (Light) Dragoons, named for George III, and redesignated as hussars in 1807, becoming the 18th (King's Irish) Regiment of (Light) Dragoons (Hussars).[1] The regiment landed at Lisbon in July 1808 for service in the Peninsular War.[4] It fought at the Battle of Sahagún in December 1808, at the Battle of Benavente later in December 1808[5] and at the Battle of Cacabelos in January 1809 before taking part in the Battle of Corunna and the subsequent return to England later that month.[6]

The regiment was ordered to support Sir Arthur Wellesley's Army on the Iberian Peninsula and landed at Lisbon in February 1813.[7] It saw action at the Battle of Morales in June 1813,[8] the Siege of Burgos in September 1812 and the Battle of Vitoria in June 1813.[9] It went on to fight at the Battle of Sorauren in July 1813 and, having advanced into France, at the Battle of the Nive in December 1813,[10] at the Battle of Orthez in February 1814[11] and at the Battle of Toulouse in April 1814.[12] It returned home in July 1814.[13]

The regiment took part in the Hundred Days landing at Ostend in April 1815.[14] It charged the centre of the French position at the Battle of Waterloo in June 1815.[15] It then remained in France as part of the Army of Occupation brigaded with the 12th Royal Lancers under the overall command of Major-General Sir Hussey Vivian.[16] It was disbanded in Ireland in 1821.[1]

Re-formed

Regimental patrol attempting to obtain information from Frenchmen, August 1914

The regiment was reformed in Leeds in 1858, as the 18th Regiment of (Light) Dragoons from a nucleus taken from the 15th Hussars,[1] and was renamed the 18th Hussars in 1861.[1] The regiment was to deployed to South Africa in 1899 for service in the Second Boer War and saw action during the Siege of Ladysmith later that year.[17] In 1903 it was named the 18th (Princess of Wales's Own) Hussars, for Princess Mary, being retitled the 18th (Victoria Mary, Princess of Wales's Own) Hussars in 1905 and the 18th (Queen Mary's Own) Hussars in 1910 to mark her coronation as Queen Consort.[1]

The regiment, having been based at Tidworth Camp at the start of the First World War, landed at Boulogne-sur-Mer as part of the 2nd Cavalry Brigade in the 1st Cavalry Division in August 1914 for service on the Western Front.[18] The regiment was retitled as the 18th (Queen Mary's Own) Royal Hussars in 1919 [1] and then as the 18th Royal Hussars (Queen Mary's Own) in 1921.[1] It amalgamated with the 13th Hussars to form the 13th/18th Royal Hussars in 1922.[1] On amalgamation, the 18th formed A Squadron of the 13/18, leading to A Sqn being known as "The 18th Hussar Sqadron".

Colonels

Colonels of the regiment were:

Name Appointment
F.M. Charles, Marquess of Drogheda 3 August 1762[nb 1][19]
Lt-Gen. Edward Byam 16 November 1858[nb 2][20]
Gen. Sir Charles Routledge O'Donnell10 September 1864[nb 3][21]
Gen. Sir Edward Cooper Hodge, GCB19 November 1870
Gen. Sir Thomas Westropp McMahon, Bt., CB6 January 1874
Lt-Gen. Sir William Drysdale, KCB16 March 1885
Lt-Gen. Richard Knox11 June 1891
Gen. Sir Alexander George Montgomery Moore, KCB4 January 1892
Maj-Gen. Thomas Phillips9 July 1904
Maj-Gen. Sir John Palmer Brabazon, KCB, CVO10 November 1913

Commanding officers

The commanding officers of the regiment included:

NameAppointment
Richard Georges 17 June 1761 [21]
William Hardcourt 17 April 1765 [21]
Edward Walpole 25 June 1768 [21]
Charles Wilson Lyon 13 April 1771 [21]
Charles W. Vane Stewart12 April 1799 [21]
Oliver Thomas Jones 29 January 1801 [21]
Henry Murray 2 January 1812 [21]
Richard Knox 23 February 1858 [21]

Battle honours

The regiment’s battle honours were as follows:[1]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Lord Drogheda entered the British Army, as cornet in the 12th Dragoons on 1 May 1744; was gazetted as Colonel of the 18th Hussars 3 August 1762; and died on 22 of December 1821; having been colonel of the Regiment for sixty-two years.
  2. ↑ Lieutenant-General Byam served the campaigns of 1812, '13, '14, and '15, including the battles of Salamanca, Vitoria, Orthez, and Waterloo, besides minor affairs. Severely wounded by a grape-shot while carrying the regimental colour of the 38th at Salamanca, and slightly wounded at Waterloo. He has received the War Medal with three Clasps. Major-General Byam's first commission was an ensigncy in the 38th, with which regiment he served two campaigns: all his other commissions and the rest of his service were in the 15th Hussars.
  3. ↑ Sir Charles O'Donnell was present with the Russian troops in the campaign of 1828 on the Danube against the Turks; and in 1849 with the German troops in Schleswig-Holstein and Jutland, especially at Duppel and the battle of Fredericia.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "18th Royal Hussars (Queen Mary's Own)". Regiments.org. Archived from the original on 8 September 2006. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
  2. ↑ Malet, p. 13
  3. ↑ Malet, p. 14
  4. 1 2 Malet, p. 16
  5. ↑ Malet, p. 18
  6. ↑ Malet, p. 20
  7. ↑ Malet, p. 22
  8. ↑ Malet, p. 24
  9. ↑ Malet, p. 26
  10. ↑ Malet, p. 27
  11. ↑ Malet, p. 29
  12. ↑ Malet, p. 34
  13. ↑ Malet, p. 35
  14. ↑ Malet, p. 36
  15. ↑ Malet, p. 47
  16. ↑ Malet, p. 54
  17. ↑ "18th Hussars". Anglo-Boer War. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
  18. ↑ "The Hussars". The Long, Long Trail. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
  19. ↑ Malet, p. 62
  20. ↑ Malet, pp. 62–63
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Malet, p. 63

Sources

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