17th United States Congress
| 17th United States Congress | |
|---|---|
|
16th ← → 18th | |
|
United States Capitol (1827) | |
| March 4, 1821 – March 4, 1823 | |
| Senate President | Daniel D. Tompkins (DR) |
| Senate Pres. pro tem | John Gaillard (DR) |
| House Speaker | Philip P. Barbour (DR) |
| Members |
48 Senators 187 Representatives 3 Non-voting members |
| Senate Majority | Democratic-Republican |
| House Majority | Democratic-Republican |
| Sessions | |
|
1st: December 3, 1821 – May 8, 1822 2nd: December 2, 1822 – March 3, 1823 | |
The Seventeenth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. While its term was officially March 4, 1821, to March 4, 1823, during the fifth and sixth years of James Monroe's presidency, its first session began on December 3, 1821, ending on May 8, 1822, and its second session began on December 2, 1822, to March 3, 1823. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the third Census of the United States in 1810. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.
Major events
- March 5, 1821: Second inauguration of James Monroe as President of the United States.[1]
Major legislation
States admitted and Territories organized
- July 10, 1821: The United States took possession of its newly-bought Florida Territory from Spain.
- August 10, 1821: Missouri was admitted as the 24th U.S. state
- March 30, 1822: Florida Territory was formed from lands ceded by Spain
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Senate
During this congress, two Senate seats were added for the new state of Missouri.
| Party (shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic- Republican (DR) |
Federalist (F) | |||
| End of the previous congress | 38 | 8 | 46 | 0 |
| Begin | 40 | 4 | 44 | 2 |
| End | 43 | 47 | 1 | |
| Final voting share | 91.5% | 8.5% | ||
| Beginning of the next congress | 42 | 3 | 45 | 3 |
House of Representatives
For the beginning of this congress, six seats from Massachusetts were reapportioned to the new state of Maine (one seat had already moved during the previous congress), 3 Stat. 555. During this congress, one House seat was added for the new state of Missouri, 3 Stat. 547.
| Party (shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic- Republican (DR) |
Federalist (F) | |||
| End of the previous congress | 159 | 24 | 183 | 3 |
| Begin | 150 | 31 | 181 | 5 |
| End | 154 | 185 | 2 | |
| Final voting share | 83.2% | 16.8% | ||
| Beginning of the next congress | 188 | 24 | 212 | 1 |
Leadership
Senate
- President: Daniel D. Tompkins (DR)
- President pro tempore: John Gaillard (DR), elected December 3, 1821
House of Representatives
- Speaker: Philip P. Barbour (DR), elected December 4, 1821
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and Representatives are listed by district.
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1826; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1822; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1824.
House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Senate
- Replacements: 5
- Democratic-Republicans: no net change
- Federalists: no net change
- Deaths: 2
- Resignations: 6
- Seats of newly admitted states: 2
- Vacancies: 3
- Total seats with changes: 12
| State (class) |
Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pennsylvania (1) |
Vacant | Seat remained vacant at end of previous Congress | William Findlay (DR) | Elected December 10, 1821 |
| Delaware (1) |
Vacant | Seat remained vacant at end of previous Congress | Caesar A. Rodney (DR) | Elected January 24, 1822 |
| Georgia (2) |
Freeman Walker (DR) | Resigned August 6, 1821 | Nicholas Ware (DR) | Elected November 10, 1821 |
| Missouri (1) |
New seats | Missouri was admitted to the Union. | Thomas Hart Benton (DR) | Elected August 10, 1821 |
| Missouri (3) |
David Barton (DR) | Elected August 10, 1821 | ||
| Ohio (3) |
William A. Trimble (DR) | Died December 13, 1821 | Ethan Allen Brown (DR) | Elected January 3, 1822 |
| Maryland (1) |
William Pinkney (DR) | Died February 25, 1822 | Samuel Smith (DR) | Elected December 17, 1822 |
| Massachusetts (2) |
Harrison Gray Otis (F) | Resigned May 30, 1822, to run for Mayor of Boston | James Lloyd (F) | Elected June 5, 1822 |
| Alabama (3) |
John W. Walker (DR) | Resigned December 12, 1822, due to failing health | William Kelly (DR) | Elected December 12, 1822 |
| Virginia (2) |
James Pleasants (DR) | Resigned December 15, 1822, after being elected Governor of Virginia | John Taylor (DR) | Elected December 18, 1822 |
| Delaware (1) |
Caesar A. Rodney (DR) | Resigned January 29, 1823, to accept a diplomatic appointment | Vacant | Not filled in this Congress |
House of Representatives
- replacements: 13
- Democratic-Republicans: 1 seat net gain
- Federalists: 1 seat net loss
- deaths: 5
- resignations: 15
- contested election: 2
- seats of newly admitted states: 1
- Total seats with changes: 23
| District | Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date successor seated |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tennessee 6th |
Vacant | Rep. Henry Hunter Bryan was re-elected but did not take his seat | Vacant | |
| Ohio 4th |
Vacant | Rep.-elect John C. Wright resigned his seat in the next Congress on March 3, 1821 | David Chambers (DR) | Seated December 3, 1821 |
| Pennsylvania 5th |
Vacant | Rep.-elect James Duncan resigned before Congress met | John Findlay (DR) | Seated December 12, 1821 |
| Pennsylvania 10th |
Vacant | Rep.-elect William Cox Ellis resigned before Congress met | Thomas Murray, Jr. (DR) | Seated December 12, 1821 |
| New York 1st |
Vacant | Credentials for Peter Sharpe were issued by the Secretary of State of New York, but Sharpe never claimed or took the seat, Sharpe's election was contested by Colden, see United States House of Representatives elections in New York, 1821 | Cadwallader D. Colden (F) | Seated December 12, 1821 |
| Kentucky 7th |
George Robertson (DR) | resigned before Congress met | John S. Smith (DR) | Seated December 3, 1821 |
| Missouri Territory At-large |
Vacant | Missouri was admitted to the Union on August 10, 1821 | John Scott (DR) | Seated December 3, 1821 |
| Missouri At-large | ||||
| New York 6th |
Vacant | Selah Tuthill (DR) was elected after the Congress term had already begun, and died on September 7, 1821, before Congress met | Charles Borland, Jr. (DR) | Seated December 3, 1821 |
| Kentucky 8th |
Wingfield Bullock (DR) | Died October 13, 1821, before Congress met | James D. Breckinridge (DR) | Seated January 2, 1822 |
| New York 9th |
Solomon Van Rensselaer (F) | Resigned January 14, 1822, upon appointment as Postmaster of Albany | Stephen Van Rensselaer (F) | Seated March 12, 1822 |
| Delaware At-large |
Caesar A. Rodney (DR) | Resigned on January 24, 1822, after being elected to the US Senate | Daniel Rodney (F) | Seated December 2, 1822 |
| Maryland 6th |
Jeremiah Cosden (DR) | Cosden's election was contested by Reed | Philip Reed (DR) | Seated March 19, 1822 |
| Pennsylvania 1st |
William Milnor (F) | Resigned on May 8, 1822, to run for Mayor of Philadelphia | Thomas Forrest (F) | Seated December 2, 1822 |
| Pennsylvania 14th |
Henry Baldwin (DR) | Resigned on May 8, 1822 | Walter Forward (DR) | Seated December 2, 1822 |
| South Carolina 9th |
James Blair (DR) | Resigned on May 8, 1822 | John Carter (DR) | Seated December 11, 1822 |
| South Carolina 2nd |
William Lowndes (DR) | Resigned on May 8, 1822 | James Hamilton, Jr. (DR) | Seated January 6, 1823 |
| Pennsylvania 6th |
Samuel Moore (DR) | Resigned on May 20, 1822 | Samuel D. Ingham (DR) | Seated December 2, 1822 |
| South Carolina 4th |
James Overstreet (DR) | Died May 24, 1822 | Andrew R. Govan (DR) | Seated December 4, 1822 |
| Maine 2nd |
Ezekiel Whitman (F) | Resigned on June 1, 1822, after becoming a judge of a Court of Common Pleas in Maine | Mark Harris (DR) | Seated December 2, 1822 |
| Indiana At-large |
William Hendricks (DR) | Resigned on July 25, 1822, after his election as Governor of Indiana | Jonathan Jennings (DR) | Seated December 2, 1822 |
| Virginia 2nd |
Thomas Van Swearingen (F) | Died on August 19, 1822 | James Stephenson (F) | Seated December 2, 1822 |
| Florida Territory At-large |
Vacant | Florida Territory was organized on March 30, 1822 | Joseph M. Hernández | Seated January 3, 1823 |
| Pennsylvania 7th |
Ludwig Worman (F) | Died October 17, 1822 | Daniel Udree (DR) | Seated December 23, 1822 |
| Maryland 5th |
Samuel Smith (DR) | Resigned on December 17, 1822, after his election to the US Senate | Isaac McKim (DR) | Seated January 8, 1823 |
| Virginia 22nd |
Hugh Nelson (DR) | Resigned on January 14, 1823, upon appointment as Minister to Spain | Vacant |
Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders.
Senate
- Amendments to the Constitution (Select)
- Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate
- Claims
- Commerce and Manufactures
- Debt Imprisonment Abolition (Select)
- District of Columbia
- Finance
- Foreign Relations
- Indian Affairs
- Judiciary
- Military Affairs
- Militia
- National Road from Cumberland to Wheeling (Select)
- Naval Affairs
- Pensions
- Post Office and Post Roads
- Public Lands
- Roads and Canals (Select)
- Tariff Regulation (Select)
- Whole
House of Representatives
- Accountability of Public Moneys (Select)
- Accounts
- Agriculture
- Arkansas Territorial Limits (Select)
- Claims
- Commerce
- District of Columbia
- Elections
- Expenditures in the Navy Department
- Expenditures in the Post Office Department
- Expenditures in the State Department
- Expenditures in the Treasury Department
- Expenditures in the War Department
- Expenditures on Public Buildings
- Foreign Affairs
- Indian Affairs
- Manufactures
- Military Affairs
- Naval Affairs
- Pensions and Revolutionary War Claims
- Post Office and Post Roads
- Public Expenditures
- Public Lands
- Revisal and Unfinished Business
- Rules (Select)
- Standards of Official Conduct
- Ways and Means
- Whole
Joint committees
Employees
Senate
- Chaplain: William Ryland (Methodist) elected November 17, 1820
- Charles P. McIlvaine (Episcopalian) elected December 9, 1822
- Secretary: Charles Cutts
- Sergeant at Arms: Mountjoy Bayly of New Hampshire
House of Representatives
- Chaplain: Jared Sparks (Unitarian), elected December 3, 1821
- John Brackenridge (Presbyterian), elected December 2, 1822
- Clerk: Thomas Dougherty of Kentucky (died)
- Matthew St. Clair Clarke of Pennsylvania, elected December 3, 1822
- Doorkeeper: Benjamin Birch of Maryland, elected December 4, 1821
- Reading Clerks: [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
- Sergeant at Arms: Thomas Dunn of Maryland
See also
- United States elections, 1820 (elections leading to this Congress)
- United States elections, 1822 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
References
- ↑ "President James Monroe, 1821". Joint Congressional Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies. Archived from the original on 20 January 2009. Retrieved January 23, 2009.
- ↑ "EATON, John Henry, (1790-1856)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved June 9, 2015.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
External links
- Statutes at Large, 1789-1875
- Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
- U.S. House of Representatives: House History
- U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
- Congressional Directory for the 17th Congress, 2nd Session.
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