1676
Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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Centuries: | |
Decades: | |
Years: |
1676 by topic: | |
Arts and Science | |
Architecture - Art - Literature - Music - Science | |
Lists of leaders | |
State leaders – Colonial governors – Religious leaders | |
Birth and death categories | |
Births - Deaths | |
Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
Establishments - Disestablishments | |
Works category | |
Works | |
Gregorian calendar | 1676 MDCLXXVI |
Ab urbe condita | 2429 |
Armenian calendar | 1125 ԹՎ ՌՃԻԵ |
Assyrian calendar | 6426 |
Balinese saka calendar | 1597–1598 |
Bengali calendar | 1083 |
Berber calendar | 2626 |
English Regnal year | 27 Cha. 2 – 28 Cha. 2 |
Buddhist calendar | 2220 |
Burmese calendar | 1038 |
Byzantine calendar | 7184–7185 |
Chinese calendar | 乙卯年 (Wood Rabbit) 4372 or 4312 — to — 丙辰年 (Fire Dragon) 4373 or 4313 |
Coptic calendar | 1392–1393 |
Discordian calendar | 2842 |
Ethiopian calendar | 1668–1669 |
Hebrew calendar | 5436–5437 |
Hindu calendars | |
- Vikram Samvat | 1732–1733 |
- Shaka Samvat | 1597–1598 |
- Kali Yuga | 4776–4777 |
Holocene calendar | 11676 |
Igbo calendar | 676–677 |
Iranian calendar | 1054–1055 |
Islamic calendar | 1086–1087 |
Japanese calendar | Enpō 4 (延宝4年) |
Javanese calendar | 1598–1599 |
Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 10 days |
Korean calendar | 4009 |
Minguo calendar | 236 before ROC 民前236年 |
Nanakshahi calendar | 208 |
Thai solar calendar | 2218–2219 |
Tibetan calendar | 阴木兔年 (female Wood-Rabbit) 1802 or 1421 or 649 — to — 阳火龙年 (male Fire-Dragon) 1803 or 1422 or 650 |
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1676 (MDCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Saturday (dominical letter BA) of the Julian calendar, the 1676th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 676th year of the 2nd millennium, the 76th year of the 17th century, and the 7th year of the 1670s decade. As of the start of 1676, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Events
January–June
- January – Six months into King Philip's War, Metacomet (King Philip), leader of the Algonquian tribe known as the Wampanoag, travels westward to the Mohawk nation, seeking an alliance with the Mohawks against the English colonists of New England; his efforts in creating such an alliance are a failure.
- January 29 – Feodor III becomes Tsar of Russia.
- February 10 – After the Nipmuc tribe attacks Lancaster, Massachusetts, the colonist Mary Rowlandson is taken captive and lives with the Indians until May.
- February 14 – Metacomet and his Wampanoags attack Northampton, Massachusetts; meanwhile, the Massachusetts Council debates whether a wall should be erected around Boston.
- February 23 – While the Massachusetts Council debates how to handle the Christian Indians they had exiled to Deer Island on October 13, 1675, a coalition of Indians led by Metacomet attacks colonial settlements just 16 km (9.9 mi) outside of Boston.
- March 29 – Providence, Rhode Island is attacked and destroyed by Native Americans.
- May 2–May 3 – Mary Rowlandson is released from captivity and returns to Boston.
- May 19 – Peskeomskut massacre (battle of Turner's Falls): A raid led by Captain William Turner at first light on an encampment consisting mainly of women and children. An estimated 300-400 lives are taken in less than half an hour first from gunshot directly into the sleeping tents, then by sword and by drowning as the victims try to flee. This incident happens on the west bank of the Connecticut River just above the falls known as Turner's Falls in Gill, Massachusetts.
- May 26 – A fire destroys the town hall and 624 houses in Southwark in England.
- May 31 – The Massachusetts Council finally decides to move the Christian Indians from Deer Island to Cambridge, Massachusetts (approximate date).
- June – Bacon's Rebellion begins in the Virginia Colony. On July 30 Nathaniel Bacon and his followers issue the Declaration of the People of Virginia.
- June 1 – Battle of Öland: A combined fleet of the Dutch Republic and Denmark–Norway decisively defeats the Swedish Navy which loses its flagship Kronan.
- June 12 – The Indian coalition attacks Hadley, Massachusetts, but are repelled by Connecticut troops.
- June 19 – Massachusetts issues a declaration of amnesty to any Indian who surrenders.
July–December
- July 2 – Major John Talcott and his troops begin sweeping Connecticut and Rhode Island, capturing large numbers of Native Americans from Algonquian tribes and exporting them out of the Thirteen Colonies as slaves.
- July 4 – Captain Benjamin Church and his soldiers begin sweeping Plymouth Colony for any remaining Wampanoag tribesmen.
- July 11 – The Wampanoags attack Taunton, Massachusetts, but are repelled by colonists.
- July 17 – In France, Madame de Brinvilliers is executed for poisoning her father and brothers. The case also scares the king Louis XIV into starting a series of investigations about possible poisonings and witchcraft, later called the Affair of the Poisons.
- July 27 – Nearly 200 Nipmuc tribesmen surrender to the English colonists in Boston.
- August 2 – Captain Benjamin Church captures Metacomet's wife and son.
- August 12 – King Philip (Metacomet), the chief of the Wampanoags that had waged war throughout southern New England in a war that bore his name, is killed by an Indian named Alderman, a soldier led by Captain Benjamin Church.
- August 17 – Battle of Halmstad fought at Fyllebro: Decisive Swedish victory over Denmark–Norway.
- September 19
- Russo-Turkish War (1676–1681) begins with Russo-Ukrainian troops forcing pro-Ottoman Hetman Ivan Samoylovych to surrender Chyhyryn.
- Jamestown is burned to the ground by the forces of Nathaniel Bacon during Bacon's Rebellion.
- September 21 – Pope Innocent XI succeeds Pope Clement X as the 240th pope.
- October 13 – Trunajaya wins the Battle of Gegodog against the Mataram Sultanate
- October 17 – Treaty of Żurawno between Ottoman (Turkish) Empire and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
- November 16 – A prison is founded on Nantucket Island in the English colony of Massachusetts.
- November 27 – A fire in Boston, Massachusetts, is accidentally set by a careless and sleepy apprentice, who drops a lighted candle, or leaves it too near some combustible substance; this is the largest fire known at this time in the district. The Rev. Increase Mather’s church, dwelling and a portion of his personal library are destroyed.[1]
- December 4 – The Battle of Lund is fought in Sweden during the Scanian War.
- December 7 – Ole Rømer makes the first quantitative measurements of the speed of light.
Date unknown
- Emperor Yohannes I of Ethiopia decrees that Muslims must live separately from Christians throughout Ethiopia.
- Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovers microorganisms.
- An Åbo Lantdag (assembly) meets in Turku.
- The French East India Company founds its principal Indian base at Pondicherry, on the Coromandel Coast.
Births
- March 17 – Thomas Boston, Scottish church leader (d. 1732)
- March 27 – Francis II Rákóczi, leader of the Hungarian uprising against the Habsburgs (d. 1735)
- April 23 – King Frederick I of Sweden (d. 1751)
- May 26 – Maria Clara Eimmart, German astronomer, engraver and designer (d. 1707)
- May 28 – Jacopo Riccati, Italian mathematician (d. 1754)
- June 17 – Louise de Maisonblanche, illegitimate daughter of Louis XIV of France (d. 1718)
- June 21 – Anthony Collins, English philosopher (d. 1729)
- July 3 – Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, Prussian field marshal (d. 1747)
- July 14 – Caspar Abel, German theologian, historian and poet (d. 1763)
- August 26 – Robert Walpole, first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1745)
- September 13 – Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans, duchess and regent of Lorraine (d.1744)
- September 18 – Eberhard Louis, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1733)
- October 8 – Benito Jerónimo Feijóo y Montenegro, Spanish scholar (d. 1764)
- November 8 – Louise Bénédicte de Bourbon, duchess of Maine, daughter in law of Louis XIV (d.1753)
- date unknown – Alexander Selkirk, Scottish sailor (d. 1721)
Deaths
- January 14 – Francesco Cavalli, Italian composer (b. 1602)
- January 29 – Tsar Alexis of Russia (b. 1629)
- February 14 – Abraham Bosse, French engraver and artist (b. c. 1604)
- March 21 – Henri Sauval, French historian (b. 1623)
- March 27 – Bernardino de Rebolledo, Spanish poet, soldier and diplomat (b. 1597)
- April 5 – John Winthrop the Younger, Governor of Connecticut (b. 1606)
- April 29 – Michiel de Ruyter, Dutch admiral (b. 1607)
- June 7 – Paul Gerhardt, German hymnist (b. 1606)
- July – Jesse Wharton Colonial governor of Maryland
- July 5 – Carl Gustaf Wrangel, Swedish soldier (b. 1613)
- July 22 – Pope Clement X (b. 1590)
- July 25 – François Hédelin, abbé d'Aubignac, French writer (b. 1604)
- August 11 – Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen, German writer (b. 1621)
- September 4 – John Ogilby, Scottish-born impresario and cartographer active in Dublin and London (b. 1600)
- September 10 – Gerrard Winstanley, English religious reformer (b. 1609)
- September 17 – Sabbatai Zevi, Montenegrin rabbi, kabbalist and founder of the Jewish Sabbatean movement (b. 1626)
- October 6 – Claudia Rusca, Italian composer, singer, and organist (b. 1593)
- October 26 – Nathaniel Bacon, Virginian colonist and Instigator of Bacon's Rebellion (b. circa 1640s)
- October 28 – Jean Desmarets, French writer (b. 1595)
- November 1 – Gisbertus Voetius, Dutch theologian (b. 1589)
- December 25 – Matthew Hale, Lord Chief Justice of England (b. 1609)
- December 25 – William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, English soldier, politician, and writer (b. 1592)
References
- ↑ Hubbard, William (1848). A General History of New England, from the discovery to MDCLXXX. Boston: Little, Brown.
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