10 złotych note

Ten złotych
(Poland)
Value 10 Polish złoty
Width 120 mm
Height 60 mm
Security features Watermark, a security thread, microprinting, ultraviolet ink, a see-through register (recto-verso), latent image (angle effect), metallised ink.
Paper type White Paper
Years of printing 1794–1831; 1924–1950; 1950–1995; 1995–present
Obverse
Design Portrait of Duke Mieszko I in centre area
Reverse
Design Depiction of a denar, a silver coin from Mieszko I's reign

The 10 Polish Złotych note is the lowest value złoty banknote and has been used since the redenomination of the złoty in 1995. The note is used as the sole currency in Poland, a country with a population of about 38 million.

It is the smallest note, measuring 120×60mm with a dark brown and green colour scheme. The ten złotych note features a portrait of Duke Mieszko I in the obverse centre area, while the reverse depicts a denar, a silver coin from Mieszko I's reign. The banknote is protected with multiple security features, like watermarks and microprinting, which document its authenticity.

The ten złotych note has been used since 1794, along with the rest of the first złoty banknotes, although there were some temporary discontinuations in its usage.

History

First złoty banknotes

In 1794, treasury notes were issued in denominations of 5 and 10 groszy, 1, 4, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 złotych.[1] The Duchy of Warsaw issued notes for 1, 2 and 5 talarów.[1]

In 1824, the Bank Kassowy Królestwa Polskiego issued notes for 10, 50 and 100 złotych.[1] The Bank Polski issued notes dated 1830 and 1831 in denominations of 1, 5, 50 and 100 złotych, whilst assignats for 200 and 500 złotych were issued during the insurrection of 1831.[1] From 1841, the Bank Polski issued notes denominated in rubel.[1]

Second złoty banknotes

In 1924, along with provisional notes (overprints on old, bisected notes) for 1 and 5 groszy, the Ministry of Finance issued notes for 10, 20 and 50 groszy, whilst the Bank Polski introduced 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 złotych.[1] From 1925, the Ministry of Finance issued 2 and 5 złotych notes, before they were replaced by silver coins, and the Bank Polski issued 5, 10, 20 and 50 złotych notes, with 100 złotych only reintroduced in 1932.[1] In 1936, the Bank Polski issued 2 złote notes, followed in 1938 by Ministry of Finance notes for 1 złoty.[1]

In 1939, the General Government overprinted 100 złotych notes for use[1] before, in 1940, the Bank Emisyjny w Polsce was set up and issued notes for 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 500 złotych.[1] After liberation, notes (dated 1944) were introduced by the Narodowy Bank Polski for 50 grosz, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 500 złotych, with 1000 złotych notes added in 1945.[1]

Third złoty banknotes

The ten złotych note, with a picture of Józef Bem, from the third banknote series.

In 1950, new notes, which were dated 1948, were introduced for 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 500 złotych, but 1000 złotych notes were added in 1962.[2] 200 and 2000 złotych notes were added in 1976 and 1977, followed by 5000 złotych notes in 1982.[2] The late 1980s and early 1990s saw high inflation in Poland and led to the introduction of notes in denominations of 10,000 in 1987, 20,000 in 1989, 50,000 in 1989, 100,000 in 1990, 200,000 in 1989, 500,000 in 1990, 1,000,000 in 1991 and 2,000,000 złotych in 1992.[2] These notes (and coins) were valid, but with the exception of the 200,000 złotych note, until the end of 1996.[2] They could be exchanged at the National Bank of Poland and some banks obligated to it by the NBP until 31 December 2010, and they are no longer legal tender.[2]

Current banknotes

In 1995, notes, which were dated 1994, were introduced in denominations of 10 złotych, 20 złotych, 50 złotych, 100 złotych and 200 złotych.[3]

Collector banknotes

There has been only one ten złotych collector banknote, which was issued in 2008.[4]

90th anniversary of Polish independence

The 90th anniversary of Polish independence 10 złotych commemorative banknote was issued in 2008.

On 30 October 2008, the National Bank of Poland issued its second collector's banknote, this time commemorating the 90th anniversary of Polish independence. 80,000 banknotes of this kind were printed.[5]

The right side of the obverse bears a bust of Joseph Pilsudski viewed in profile.[5] Beside the picture of Pilsudski there is a view of the Belvedere Palace, which was seat of the Chief of State in the years 1918-1922 and being the residence of the Polish Marshal from 1926 to 1935.[5] The second image of Joseph Pilsudski, visible in the lower left corner, recalls that the most urgent challenges facing the country had a military character.[5] The Marshal, in a military cloak and cap, is leaning on the edge of a trench and watching.[5] Above the view of the Belvedere Palace is the emblem of the Polish state in its present form.[5] Beside Pilsudski's picture, on the right hand side is the year '1918' in vertical writing.[5]

On the reverse, the image of the White Eagle, according to the formula of 1919, is placed, used among others in the years 1919-1923 on the Polish brands, the first money issued by the independent Polish state.[5] Kielce is situated next to the monument, called the "four arms", showing figures of four legionnaires marching in formation.[5]

Security features

The banknote is protected by multiple security features:

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 BlazeK (1998). "Brief history of Polish monetary system". Maly slownik historii Polski. bakk.com. Retrieved 3 January 2012.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Polish złoty". kiwix. kiwix.org. Archived from the original on 2012-04-26. Retrieved 3 January 2012.
  3. ↑ "Narodowy Bank Polski - Internetowy Serwis Informacyjny". Narodowy Bank Polski (in Polish). nbp.pl. 1998. Retrieved 3 January 2012.
  4. ↑ "Banknoty kolekcjonerskie". Narodowy Bank Polski (in Polish). nbp.pl. 2006. Retrieved 3 January 2012.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 "Banknot kolekcjonerski upamiętniający 90. rocznicę odzyskania niepodległości". Narodowy Bank Polski (in Polish). nbp.pl. 30 October 2008. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
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