1075

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Year 1075 (MLXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

• February – Pope Gregory VII holds a council that publishes a decree against lay investiture.
• April – Pope Gregory VII publishes the Dictatus papae (Sayings of the Pope, aka the Dictates of Hildebrand), in which he asserts papal authority over earthly as well as spiritual rulers.
• Revolt of the Earls: Three earls rebel against William I of England (William the Conqueror), in the last serious act of resistance to the Norman Conquest.
• First Battle of Langensalza: Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor defeats the Saxon nobles and subjugates Saxony.
• The Liao dynasty version of the Buddhist Tripiṭaka is completed (approximate date).
• Anund Gårdske is deposed as king of Svealand, and King Håkan the Red of Götaland proclaims himself king of all Sweden.
• The Seljuq Turks take Jerusalem from the Fatimids.
• Lý dynasty forces under Lý Thường Kiệt defend Vietnam, against invasion by Song Dynasty China.
• The Song Dynasty Chinese polymath scientist and statesman Shen Kuo solves a heated border dispute with the Liao Dynasty, by dredging up old diplomatic records; he refutes Emperor Daozong of Liao's bluffs point for point, during a meeting at Mt. Yongan (near modern Pingquan in Hebei), and reestablishes the Song's rightful borders.

Births

• Lothair II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1137)
• Saint Magnus Erlendsson (d. 1116 or 1117)
• Adelaide del Vasto, countess and regent of Sicily (d. 1118)
• Orderic Vitalis, English monk and historian (approximate date)

Deaths

• March 29 – Ottokar I of Styria, German noble
• May 21] – Richeza of Poland, Queen of Hungary (b. 1013)
• June 9 – Gebhard of Supplinburg, Saxon count
• June 10 – Ernest, Margrave of Austria (b. 1027)
• August 2 – Patriarch John VIII of Constantinople
• December 4 – Anno II, Archbishop of Cologne
• December 18 – Edith of Wessex, queen of Edward the Confessor of England
• John Xiphilinus, Byzantine historian
• Bleddyn ap Cynfyn, King of Gwynedd
• King Peter Krešimir IV of Croatia

References