Zhuhai

Zhuhai
珠海市
Prefecture-level city

Clockwise from the top: The Gongbei Port of Entry and Portas do Cerco at the border of Zhuhai and Macau, Jintai Temple, Meixi Royal Stone Archways, statue of Fisher Girl, & Deyuefang Restaurant on Yeli Dao.

Location of Zhuhai in Guangdong
Zhuhai

Location in China

Coordinates: 22°16′37″N 113°34′04″E / 22.27694°N 113.56778°E / 22.27694; 113.56778Coordinates: 22°16′37″N 113°34′04″E / 22.27694°N 113.56778°E / 22.27694; 113.56778
Country China
Province Guangdong
Government
 • CPC Committee Secretary Li Jia (李嘉)
 • Mayor Jiang Ling (江凌)
Area
 • Prefecture-level city 1,724.32 km2 (665.76 sq mi)
 • Water 690 km2 (270 sq mi)
 • Urban 1,724.32 km2 (665.76 sq mi)
 • Metro 17,572.9 km2 (6,784.9 sq mi)
Elevation 36 m (118 ft)
Population (2010 census[1])
 • Prefecture-level city 1,562,530
 • Density 910/km2 (2,300/sq mi)
 • Urban 1,562,530
 • Urban density 910/km2 (2,300/sq mi)
 • Metro 44,478,513
 • Metro density 2,500/km2 (6,600/sq mi)
Time zone China Standard Time (UTC+8)
Postal code 519000
Area code(s) 756
License plate prefixes 粤C
– Total CNY 160.1 billion (2013)
– Per capita CNY 104,800
USD 16,900(2013)
Website http://www.zhuhai.gov.cn/ (Chinese)
Zhuhai

"Zhuhai", as written in Chinese
Chinese 珠海
Cantonese Jyutping Zyu1 hoi2
Cantonese Yale Jyūhói
Hanyu Pinyin Zhūhǎi
Postal Chuhoi
Literal meaning Pearl Sea

Zhuhai (/ˈdʒuːˈhaɪ/,[2] Chinese: 珠海; pinyin: Zhūhǎi) is a prefecture-level city on the southern coast of Guangdong province in China. Located in the Pearl River Delta, Zhuhai borders Jiangmen to the northwest, Zhongshan to the north, and Macau to the south. Zhuhai was one of the original Special Economic Zones established in the 1980s. Zhuhai is also one of China's premier tourist destinations, being called the Chinese Riviera. The city's population is made up of mostly Mandarin speaking migrants. Its northern part made of Xiangzhou district is now part of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen built-up area, the biggest built-up area in the world with more than 44,478,513 inhabitants at the 2010 census encompassing the whole Shenzhen, Dongguan, Foshan, Zhongshan, Macao cities, main part of Guangzhou, and small parts of Jiangmen and Huizhou cities. According to a report released in 2014 by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Zhuhai is the most livable city in China.[3]

Geography

Zhuhai borders the Macau Special Administrative Region (north and west), and 140 kilometres (87 miles) southwest of Guangzhou. Its territory includes 146 islands and a coastline of 690 kilometres (429 miles).

The islands within the prefecture-level city of Zhuhai include a number of near-shore islands, often connected to the mainland by bridges or causeways (such as Hengqin, Qi'ao, or Yeli Islands), as well as some islands in the open South China Sea (the Wanshan Archipelago). Some of the latter are actually geographically closer to Hong Kong than to the Zhuhai mainland. The jurisdiction of Nei Lingding Island, located in the Pearl River estuary was transferred from Zhuhai to Shenzhen in 2009.[4]

Zhuhai has a humid subtropical climate affected by the East Asian Monsoon (Koppen classification Cwa) and moderated by the South China Sea, with long, hot and humid summers with frequent thunderstorms, and short, mild and dry winters. Average highs in January and July are 18 and 32 °C (64 and 90 °F) respectively. It never snows and a frost has never been recorded in the city centre. Conversely, extreme heat waves do not occur as they do further inland.

Economy

Zhuhai became a city in 1979, a year before it was named as one of the first Special Economic Zones (SEZ). The neighboring city of Shenzhen became the first Special Economic Zones of the Special Economy Zone in 1978. The implementation of this policy is logical as Zhuhai is located on the strategic position facing Macau, in the identical fashion by which Shenzhen faces Hong Kong. This enabled the Chinese Central Government to open another "window" in front of Macau. Even though the city is situated at the southern end of the Pearl River Delta area, Zhuhai acts as one of the central cities in the Pearl River Delta according to the new general urban plan approved by the State Council. The implementation of Special Economy Zone means that the city will grow as a powerful modern port city, science and education city, scenic and tourism city, and as a regional hub for transportation.

The outstanding geographic location, a wide range of supporting infrastructure and a deep-water port serve as a major attraction for foreign capital. Utilized foreign investment reached US$10.344 billion in 2008. Among the top 500 enterprises worldwide, 19 of them have investment projects in Zhuhai such as ExxonMobil, BP, Siemens, Carrefour and Matsushita. Hong Kong is the largest foreign investor in Zhuhai, accounting for 22% of total utilized foreign investment in 2002.

Manufacturing industries

Industrial development in Zhuhai focuses on 5 new high-tech and heavy industries including electronics, computer software, biotechnology and pharmacy, machinery and equipment as well as petrochemical industries. Aiming to strengthen the existing industrial base as well as to provide a better environment for the development of new high-tech industries, the local government has taken the initiative in developing five economic zones:

As one of the 4 earliest Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in China, Zhuhai SEZ was set up in the year 1980 and granted with a local legislative right. Zhuhai hi-tech zone is located in the north of Zhuhai, which is very close to downtown. Furthermore, technological resources are centralized in our zone; there is also a huge development in hi-tech industries which is leading by software and IC industries. The hi-tech zone is the showcase for Zhuhai's scientific development.[5]

Zhuhai Free Trade Zone (Zhuhai FTZ) was founded in 1996 with the State Council's approval, occupying 3 km2 (1.2 sq mi). A Zhuhai FTZ Administrative Committee was set up in June 1997. By the end of 2006, there had been over 200 companies registered in the Free Trade Zone, including more than 150 foreign-funded enterprises, and the total investment amount was 1 billion US dollars. Industries encouraged in the zone includes Electronics Assembly & Manufacturing, Telecommunications Equipment, Building/Construction Materials, Instruments & Industrial Equipment Production, Medical Equipment and Supplies, Raw Material Processing, Research and Development, Shipping/Warehousing/Logistics, Heavy Industry.[7]

[8]

Zhuhai manufactured and supplied 70% of the world's ribbons, 60% of the world's aftermarket inkjet cartridges and 20% of the world's third-party laser toner cartridges. Their combined sales were worth more than 1.3 billion US dollars or 10% of all the sales in the world. Zhuhai owns a comprehensive supply chain and almost any of the raw materials needed by the printer consumables industry can be provided locally.

Administration

The prefecture-level city of Zhuhai administers 3 county-level divisions and 4 special economic districts, all of which are districts.

Administrative divisions of Zhuhai
Division code[9] English name Chinese Pinyin Area in km2[10] Population 2010[11] Seat Postal code Divisions[12]
Subdistricts Towns Residential communities Administrative villages
440400 Zhuhai City 珠海市 Zhūhǎi Shì 1724.32 1,562,530 Xiangzhou District 519000 9 15 189 122
440402 Xiangzhou District * 香洲区 Xiāngzhōu Qū 550.84 892,685 Meihua Subdistrict 519000 8 6 141 7
440403 Doumen District 斗门区 Dǒumén Qū 613.88 415,882 Jing'an Town 519100 1 5 23 101
440404 Jinwan District * 金湾区 Jīnwān Qū 559.60 253,963 Sanzao Town 519100 4 25 14
  Hengqin New Area 横琴新区 Héngqín Xīnqū 106.46 Hengqin Town 519030
  Wanshan Marine
Development Experimental Zone		 万山海洋开发试验区 Wànshān Hǎiyáng Kāifā Shìyànqū 80.00 Wanshan Town 519000
  Zhuhai National Hi-Tech
Industrial Development District		 珠海国家高新技术产业开发区 Zhūhǎi Guójiā Gāoxīn Jìshù Chǎnyè Kāifāqū 130.00 Tangjiawan Town 519080
  Zhuhai Gaolanggang
Port Economic Zone		 珠海经济技术开发区 Zhūhǎi Jīngjì Jìshù Kāifāqū 380.00 Nanshui Town 519050
* — The stats includes the subordinated zones.
All zones are management areas; not administrative divisions registered under the Ministry of Civil Affairs.
* - Hengqin New Area, Wanshan Marine Zone, and Hi-Tech Industrial Development District are subordinate to Xiangzhou
* - Port Economic Zone are subordinate to Jinwan
Jida panorama from Shijing mountain (石景山)

Transportation

Zhuhai Jinwan Airport
Gongbei Port
Zhuhai Railway Station

Air

Railway

Zhuhai Railway Station is located at the western end of Gongbei Port of Entry and Portas do Cerco at the border of Zhuhai and Macau. There are frequent high speed trains to Guangzhou.

A three-line tram network is planned, with the first phase of Line 1 to open in November 2014.

Sea

An attractive and clean environment and good deep-port condition are advantages of Zhuhai. Endowed by a long coastline, Zhuhai is the only city on the western Pearl River Delta with natural deep-water ports.

Zhuhai has two international seaports: Jiuzhou (九州港) and Gaolan (高欗港). Gaolan Port is one of the leading ports in Guangdong province, while Jiuzhou Port focuses on heavy passenger sea transport.

Chu Kong Passenger Transport operates a ferry service between Zhuhai's Jiuzhou Port, Hong Kong and Shekou Passenger Terminal, in the Nanshan District of Shenzhen. A service between Jiuzhou Port and Hong Kong International Airport for air passengers using the airport began on 10 July 2007.[15]

Road

At present, there is an expressway linking Zhuhai and Foshan. Heavy traffic between Zhuhai and Macau has led to the construction of a new cross-border corridor, the Lotus Bridge, built in November 1999 to divert traffic away from the congested Gongbei Port of Entry (Portas do Cerco). As part of the Pearl River Delta integration, a Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge is under construction.

Tourism

Xiangzhou fishing harbor, with the forested Yeli Island in the horizon

Zhuhai's and surrounding landscapes has a reputation within China of being a garden city and having a quality of life. In 2002, the city attracted 1.3 million international tourists and 3.64 million domestic tourists. Following Guangzhou and Shenzhen, Zhuhai has the third largest amount of foreign tourism in the Guangdong province, which amounted to billion in 2002.

Zhuhai hosts the China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition biannually in November. It is the largest Air Show in China and a huge tourist attraction.

Realizing the benefits brought by tourism, the local government is expanding tourist destinations and is developing new spots such as Hengqin (橫琴島), Dong'ao (東澳), Hebao (荷包), Qi'ao (淇澳島) and Yeli (野狸).

New Yuan Ming Palace

The New Yuan Ming Palace (Chinese: 圓明新園) is a park of 1.39 square kilometres (0.54 square miles), including an 80,000 m2 (861,113 sq ft) lake. It features a partial reconstruction of the Old Summer Palace in Beijing, destroyed in 1860 by French and British troops during the second Opium War, which was never rebuilt on its original site.[16]

Coast of Xianglu Bay—Fisher Girl Statue

Coast of Xianglu Bay is the 'symbol' of Zhuhai. It has a good view of Zhuhai (Pearl River) Delta with brownish water, rocks, beach, fishing people. The famous landmark of the city – Fisher Girl Statue is standing elegantly at Xianglu Bay, the statue drapes a fishnet and holds a pearl high in the air with both hands up to the sky. It symbolizes a vigorous and lively Zhuhai welcoming visitors from all over the world.[17]

Education

Strategic development

Developing a university park is Zhuhai's strategy to strengthen its high-tech and IT industries. Compared with Beijing and Shanghai, Zhuhai and other cities in Guangdong province face a serious shortage of talent and professionals, making this goal difficult. The local government is taking major initiatives to set up a university park with an area of 20 square kilometres (8 square miles), the only one in the western Pearl River Delta.

Colleges and universities

A number of other colleges and universities are also located in or near Zhuhai. Beijing Normal University Zhuhai Campus was created as a new model university in China. Besides its high quality of education，it is more international than general universities in China. Many students here prepare to go abroad to finish their junior and senior years.

Sports facilities

Zhuhai is the first city in China to have constructed a motor racing circuit. The Zhuhai International Circuit (Chinese: 珠海国际赛车场; pinyin: Zhūhǎi Guoji Sai Che Chang) was built in 1996 and is located at Jinding, near the border to Zhongshan.

ZIC has held the BPR Global GT Endurance Series in 1996, the FIA GT Championship in 1997, 1999, 2004 and 2005. It hosted the championship's 2007 opening round on 24 and 25 March. ZIC had planned to host a round of the Champ Car World Series on 20 May 2007, but agreement was not reached. ZIC held an A1GP race in 2007 for the first time in series' history. ZIC became the first venue in China to host the Intercontinental Le Mans Cup on 7 November 2010 when the 2010 1000 km of Zhuhai was staged.

Residential environment

Zhuhai's international accolades include "the Best Model of International Residential Environment Improvement" awarded by the United Nations.

See also

References

  1. ↑ http://www.citypopulation.de/php/china-guangdong-admin.php
  2. ↑ "Zhuhai pronunciation". thefreedictionary.com. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
  3. ↑ 社科院：珠海取代香港成为最宜居城市 网易新闻，2014-05-09
  4. ↑ (Chinese) 内伶仃岛归属深圳市管辖, sznews.com, 2009-09-26
  5. ↑ Zhuhai High-Tech Industrial Zone. RightSite.asia.
  6. ↑ 中国保税区出口加工区协会. Cfea.org.cn.
  7. ↑ Zhuhai Free Trade Zone. RightSite.asia.
  8. ↑ Archived 8 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  9. ↑ "中华人民共和国县以上行政区划代码". 中华人民共和国民政部.
  10. ↑ 广东省统计局、国家统计局广东调查总队 (2014.09). 《广东统计年鉴2014》. 中国统计出版社. ISBN 978-7-5037-7174-3. Check date values in: |date= (help)，数字为第二次全国土地调查数据
  11. ↑ shi, Guo wu yuan ren kou pu cha ban gong; council, Guo jia tong ji ju ren kou he jiu ye tong ji si bian = Tabulation on the 2010 population census of the people's republic of China by township / compiled by Population census office under the state; population, Department of; statistics, employment statistics national bureau of (2012). Zhongguo 2010 nian ren kou pu cha fen xiang, zhen, jie dao zi liao (Di 1 ban. ed.). Beijing Shi: Zhongguo tong ji chu ban she. ISBN 978-7-5037-6660-2.
  12. ↑ 中华人民共和国民政部 (2014.08). 《中国民政统计年鉴2014》. 中国统计出版社. ISBN 978-7-5037-7130-9. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  13. ↑ ZUH Zhuhai ZHUHAI JINWAN AIRPORT Airport – Flight Arrivals, Departures, Time, Schedule & Status. Ctrip.com.
  14. ↑ 珠海九州直升机场 _中国民用航空局. Caac.gov.cn.
  15. ↑ Archived 12 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ↑ New Yuanming Palace at. Travelchinaguide.com.
  17. ↑ "Walking along the Coast of Xianglu Bay" Zhuhai Things to Do Tip by MINOSUKE. Members.virtualtourist.com.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zhuhai.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Zhuhai.
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