Xyloglucan-specific endo-beta-1,4-glucanase

In enzymology, a xyloglucan-specific endo-beta-1,4-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.151) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

xyloglucan + H₂O xyloglucan oligosaccharides

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are xyloglucan and H₂O, whereas its product is xyloglucan oligosaccharides.

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those glycosidases that hydrolyse O- and S-glycosyl compounds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is [(1->6)-alpha-D-xylo]-(1->4)-beta-D-glucan glucanohydrolase. Other names in common use include XEG, xyloglucan endo-beta-1,4-glucanase, xyloglucanase, xyloglucanendohydrolase, XH, and 1,4-beta-D-glucan glucanohydrolase.

Family 12 was first identified in plant pathogens by discovery in Phytophthora spp.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 15 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 2CN2, 2CN3, 2E0P, 2E4T, 2EEX, 2EJ1, 2EO7, 2EQD, 2JEM, 2JEN, 2JEP, 2JEQ, 2UWA, 2UWB, and 2UWC.

References

• Pauly M; Andersen, LN; Kauppinen, S; Kofod, LV; York, WS; Albersheim, P; Darvill, A (1999). "A xyloglucan-specific endo-beta-1,4-glucanase from Aspergillus aculeatus: expression cloning in yeast, purification and characterization of the recombinant enzyme". Glycobiology. 9 (1): 93–100. doi:10.1093/glycob/9.1.93. PMID 9884411. 
• Sinitsyn AP; Gusakov, AV; Markov, AV; Ustinov, BB; Semenova, MV; Sinitsyn, AP (2004). "Specific xyloglucanases as a new class of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1674 (3): 268–81. doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2004.07.001. PMID 15541296. 
• Costanzo, Stefano; M.D. Ospina-Giraldo; R.W. Jones (2006). "Gene duplication event in family 12 glycosyl hydrolase from Phytophthora spp.". Fungal Genetics and Biology 43 (10): 707–714. doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2006.04.006. PMID 16784880.