X Corps (Grande Armée)

X Corps (Grande Armée)
Active	1807–1814
Country	First French Empire
Branch	Army
Type	Army Corps
Size	Two to six divisions, cavalry, artillery
Engagements	Napoleonic Wars
Commanders
Notable commanders	François Joseph Lefebvre Jacques MacDonald Jean Rapp

The X Corps of the Grande Armée was the name of a French military formation that existed during the Napoleonic Wars. The corps was first formed in 1807 and placed under the command of Marshal François Joseph Lefebvre. The unit was responsible for bringing the 1807 Siege of Danzig to a successful conclusion. During the French invasion of Russia in 1812, the corps was reconstituted and Marshal Jacques MacDonald appointed to lead it. The corps contained the Prussian contingent that went on to form the core of the reconstituted Prussian army in 1813.^[1] After the retreat from Russia, the corps was given the assignment of holding Danzig under the leadership of General of Division Jean Rapp. The 1813 Siege of Danzig lasted from January until November when the garrison surrendered to the Allies.

Order of Battle 1812

Corps Commander: Maréchal de France Jacques-Étienne Macdonald, duc de Tarente

Chief of Staff: Adjudant-commandant Jacques Terrier

Chief, Artillery: General de division Albert-L.-V. Taviel

Chief, Engineers: General de division Jacques-D.-M. de Campredon, Chef de bataillon Jean Marion de Beaulieu

Aide-de-camp: Chef d'escadron Seguier, Capitaine Garola, Capitaine Jules J.-G. de Tamney, Capitaine M. de Beurnonville

7th Division

Commander: General de division Charles Louis Dieudonné Grandjean

Chief of Staff : Plk. Jozef Nowicki

Chief, Artillery : Chief d'batallion Farjon

Adjutant: Capt. Louis Chapuis

Chief, Engineers : Capt. 1er cl. Roger-P-M-A de Riencourt

Inspecteur aux revues : S.-ins. aux r. Reybaud (Rayband)

Aides de Camp: Chief d'batallion Theodore Meynier, Capitain Perrin (Perin), Lt. Maisonneuve

• 1st Brigade

Commander: General de brigade Étienne Pierre Sylvestre Ricard

5th Polish Line Regt. Plk. Stefan Oskierko

1st Battalion: CdB Ludwik Kaminski

2nd Battalion: CdB Jan Godlewski

3rd Battalion: CdB Feliks Stokowski

4th Battalion: N. (not present)

Regt Artillery: Kapt. Ignacy Kulesza

13th Bavarian Line Regt.: Obst. Franz Baron Schlossberg

1st Battalion: Major Caspar Poyk (Poeck)

2nd Battalion: Major Franz v. Pillement

1st Section, 2nd Bavarian 6 lb. Battery: Untlt. Alois Escher(t) II.

• 2nd Brigade

Commander: General brygady ksiaze Michal Radziwill
Aide-de-Camp: Kpt. Antoni Niesiolowski

10th Polish Line Regt.: Plk. Henryk Kamienski

1st Battalion: CdB Jan Krassin (Crassin, Krassyn)

2nd Battalion: CdB Franciszek Czyzewski

3rd Battalion: Nicolas-Joseph (Mikolaj) Daine

4th Battalion: N. (not present)

Regt. Artillery: Kapt. Leneke

• 3rd Brigade

Commander: General de brigade Gilbert Bachelu

11th Polish Line Regt.: Plk. Aleksander Chlebowski

1st Battalion: CdB Piotr Tzembeck (Szembeck)

2nd Battalion: CdB Kazimierz Poniatowski

3rd Battalion: CdB Karol Jon(n)emann

4th Battalion: N. (not present)

Regt. Artillery: Kapt. Ostrowski

1st Westphalian Line Regt. Col. Georg Ferdinand v. Plessmann

1st Battalion: C. de bat. Johann Philipp Bauer

2nd Battalion: Capt. (later c. de bat.) David v. Kruse

Regt. Artillery: Kapt. v. Haustein

• Division (Prussian) Cavalry (detached from 27th Division)

Commander: Obst. Karl F. v. Hunerbein

1st Prussian Combined Hussar Regt.: Major Dietrich C. G. v. Cosel

1st Leib-Hussaren Regt.:

3rd Sqdrn.: Rittm. Karl L. F. Dallmer

4th Sqdrn.: Rittm. Meyer

2nd Leib-Hussaren Regt.:

2nd Sqdrn.: Maj. v. Kurnatowsky.

3rd Sqdrn.: Rittm. Karl L. Zastrow

Division Artillery and Engineers

6th Polish Foot Comp.: Kpt. Turdeski

1st Polish Horse Comp.: Kpt. Wladyslaw Tomasz Ostrowski

Garde d'Artie. Polonaise: (detachment)

4th Polish Sapper Company: Kpt. Jozef Dobrzyński

Division Train

12th Battalion (a l'allemande):

6th Train Company: S.-lieutenant Benoist (?)

27th (Prussian) Infantry Division

Commander, Prussian Mobile Corps: Gen. der Inf. Julius von Grawert
2nd in Command: Gen.-Lieut. Hans David Ludwig Yorck

Chief of Staff : Oberst Friedrich E. v. Roeder

Quartermaster: Obstlt. Johann F. K. v. Lossau (Genstab.)

Chief Engineer : Maj. Markoff

Adjutants: Maj. Anton F. F. v. Seydlitz, Pr.-Lieut. Friedrich Aug. Karl v. Brandenstein (Genstab.), Maj. Johann Alexander v. Traubenfeld (Genstab.), Kapt. Wilhelm K. v. Schack (Genstab.), Pr.-Lieut. Lollhofel v. Lowensprung (Genstab.)

Commander, Prussian Infantry: Gen.-Maj. Friedrich Graf Kleist von Nollendorf

Chief of Staff: Maj. Ernest H. W. v. Perbandt (Genstab.)

Adjutants: Maj. Johann F. W. v. Schon, Maj. Heinrich A. E. v. Thile II (Genstab.), Sec.-Lt. v. Rudiger (aggr. zum Genstab.)

Commander, Prussian Cavalry: Gen.-Lt. Friedrich E. v. Massenbach

Adjutants: Maj. Ludwig E. C. v. Kyckpusch (Genstab.)

• 1st Brigade

Commander: Obst. Hans Franz v. Below
Adjutant: Stabs-Kapit. v. Drygalski

Inft. Regt. Nr. 1: Maj. Friedrich Wilhelm v. Sjoholm I (2nd Opr. Inft. Regt.)

Fus. Bat, 1st Opr Inft. Regt.: Maj. Christoph J. H. v. Erammon.

I Bat, 2nd. Opr. Inft. Regt.: Maj. Ludwig v. Krauthof.

II Bat, 1st Opr. Inft. Regt.: Maj. Carl v. Kurnatowsky

Inft. Regt. Nr. 2: Maj. Ludwig F. v. Sjoholm II (3rd Opr. Inft. Regt.)

Fus. Bat, 4th Opr. Inft. Regt.: Maj. Johann F. v. Pfeiffer

I Bat, 4th Opr. Inft. Regt.: Maj. v. Lubtow

I Bat, 3rd Opr. Inft. Regt.: Maj. Karl R. W. v. Beckedorff

Fus. Bat. Nr. 7:

Fus. Bat, 2nd Opr. Inft. Regt.: Maj. Friedrich W. v. Funck

• 2nd Brigade

Commander: Obstlt. Heinrich Wilh. v. Horn
Adjutant: St. Kapt. August W. Graf Kanitz

Inft. Regt. Nr. 3: Maj. Karl F. F. v. Steinmetz (Colb. Inft. Regt.)

Fus. Bat, 1st Pom. Inft. Regt.: Maj. August Ferdinand v. Borcke

I Bat, Colb. Inft. Regt.: Maj. Friedrich W. v. Quednow

II Bat, 1st Pomm. Inft. Regt.: Maj. Carl Ludwig Frhr. v. Linsingen

Inft. Regt. Nr. 4: Maj. v. Tippelskirch

Fus. Bat, Leib-Regt.: Maj. August Heinrich v. Reuss

I Bat, Leib-Regt.: Maj. Konstantin G. L. v. Zepelin and Maj. Friedrich Christoph v. Oertzen

II Bat, Leib-Regt.: Maj. Julius Gustav Friedrich v. Both

• 3rd Brigade

Commander: Oberst Eugen v. Raumer
Adjutant: Maj. v. Collrepp

Inft. Regt. Nr. 5: Maj. Ludwig D. K. v. Schmalensee

Fus. Bat, 2nd Wpr. Inft. Regt.: Maj. Julius L. v. Rudolphi, Maj. Georg W. v Lettow

I Bat, 1st Wpr. Inft. Regt.: Maj. v. Imbrecht

I Bat, 2nd Wpr. Inft. Regt.: Maj. Friedrich E. v. Loebell

Inft. Regt. Nr. 6: Maj. Arwed K. v. Carnall

Fus. Bat, 2nd Sch. Inft. Regt.: Maj. Karl G. S. v. Lessel

II Bat, 2nd Sch. Inft. Regt.: Maj. Karl Heinriich v. Ziemietzi

II Bat, 1st Sch. Inft. Regt.: Maj. v. Happe

Ostprussian Jäger Bat.: Maj. Vollmar K. F. v. Clausewitz

1st Battery, Prussian Arty. Brigade: Uffz. Staffehl (one 3-lbr)

• 1st Cavalry Brigade

Commander: Obst. Wilhelm Jeannert

1st Combined Dragoner-Regt.: Maj. Karl A. W. v. Treskow

Litth. Dragoner-Regt.:

2nd Sqdrn.: Maj. v. Kameke

4th Sqdrn.: St. Rittm. Dresler

2nd Westpr. Dragoner-Regt.: Maj. Ernst T. v. Eicke

1st Sqdrn.: Maj. v. Manstein

2nd Sqdrn.: Maj. Friedrich Frhr. v. Stiern

2nd Combined Dragoner-Regt.Obstlt. Alexander G. L. M. M. v. Wahlen-Jurgass

1st Westpr. Dragoner-Regt.:

1st Sqdrn.: Rittm. Karl Weiss

3rd Sqdrn.: Rittm. Ernst L. B. v. Printz

3rd Combined Hussaren-Regt.: Maj. Ernest T. v. Eicke

1st. Schles. Hussaren-Regt.:

1st Sqdrn.: St. Rittm. Friedrich A. Kehler

3rd Sqdrn.: St. Rittm. Muller

2nd Schles. Hussaren-Regt.:

1st Sqdrn.: Maj. Johann H. v. Schill

2nd Sqdrn.:

(Prussian) Corps Artillery

Commander: Major Johann H. v. Schmidt

Foot Artillery: Maj. Joh. Friedr. v. Fiebig I.

Foot Battery No. 1 (6 lb): Pr.-Kapit. Huet

Foot Battery No. 2(6 lb): Stabs-Kapit. Wegner

Foot Battery No. 3(6 lb): Stabs-Kapit. Ziegler

Foot Battery No. 4(6 lb): Pr.-Kapit. Ludwig

half Battery(12 lb): Pr.-Kapit. v. Roszynski

Horse Artillery: Maj. Gustav v. Fiebig II.

1st Horse Battery: Stabs-Kapit. Johann K. L. v. Zincken

2nd Horse Battery: Pr.-Kapit. Georg W. v. Rentzell

3rd Horse Battery: Pr.Kapit. v. Graumann

Artillery Park:

Park (Munitions) columns:

No. 1 Sec.-Lieut. Schliew

No. 2 Sec.-Lieut. Herrmann

No. 3 Prem.-Lieut. Barenkampff

No. 4 Pr.-Kapit. Meyer (4th Ft. Comp., Pr. Brig.)

No. 5 Sec.-Lieut. v. Hertig I (Brand) (8th Ft. Comp., Brand. Brig.)

Bridging Column:

Handwerk Columns: Sec.-Lieut. Lieben (2nd Ft. Btry.)

No. 1:

No. 2:

Corps Train

Miners:

1st Battalion:

3rd Company:

5th Company:

2nd Battalion:

1st Company:

Sappers:

1st Battalion:

Sapeurs de I'ile d'Elbe:

1st Company:

2nd Company:

Prussian Sappers: (2 companies):

Marine Bataillion d'ouviers de l'Escaut:

17th equipage de flottille:

References

Recommended reading

• Akademja Umiejetnosci, Kraków. Polski Slownik Biograficzny. Kraków, 1935-.
• Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie. 56 vols. Leipzig, 1875-1912.
• Almanach Royal de Wesphalie. Cassel, 1812-1813.
• Almanach Imperial. 1812-13. Paris, 1812-13.
• Auriol, Charles. "Retraite du 10e Corps de la Grande-Armée de la Dwina sur Dantzig (1812), Documents Inedits". In La Spectateur Militaire. Vol. 42. Paris, 1888. pp. 226–296.
• Baltische Monatsschrift. 1910-1912.
• Beihefte zum Militar-Wochenblatt. Nr. 8-9. Berlin, 1894. pp. 268–298.
• Bogdanovich, Modest I. Istoriia Otechestvennoi voiny 1812 goda. 3 vols. Spb., 1859-60.
• Charbanier, Jean. "La Grande Armée en Lithuanie et en Courland". In Revue Historique de l'Armée. No. 2, 1973. pp. 29–47.
• Chelminski, Jan and A. Malibran. L'Armee du Duché de Varsovie. Paris, 1913.
• Costantini, A. "Le Marechal Macdonald, Chef du 10e Corps Juin 1812 - Janvier 1813". In Revue Historique de l'Armée. No. 2, 1971. pp. 58–78.
• Dziennik dzialan wojennych 7 dywizji (gdanskiej) w 1812 r. Edited by Janusz Staszewskii. In Rocznik Gdanski Vol. 11. Gdańsk, 1937.
• Defense de Dantzig en 1813 : Journal de Siege : Journal Personnel et Notes du General du Division de Campredon Commandant le Genie du Xe Corps : Lettres Diverses / annotés et publiés par Charles Auriol.@ Paris, 1888.
• Droysen. Das Leben des Feldmarschalls Grafen York von Wartenberg. 2 vols. Leipzig, 1913.
• Eckardt. York und Paulucci. Aktenstucke und Beitrage zur Geschichte der Convention von Tauroggen. Leipzig, 1865.
• Fabry, Gabriel Joseph. Campagne de 1812, Documents Relatifs a l'Aile Gauche 20 Août - 4 Decembre. Paris, 1912.
• Fabry, Gabriel Joseph. Campagne de Russie, 1812. 5 vols. Paris, 1900-03.
• Hartwich, Julius von. 1812. Der Feldzug in Kurland. Nach den Tagbuchern und Briefen des Leutnants Julius v. Hartwich zusammengestellt von Rugiger v. Schoeler. Berlin, 1910.
• Gembarzewski, Bronislav. Wojska Polskie, Ksiestwo Warszawskie 1807-1814. Warsaw, 1912.
• Kirkor, Stanislaw. Pod Sztandarami Napoleona. London, 1982.
• Kreuzwendedich von der Borne. Geschichte des Infanterie-Regiments Prinz Louis Ferdinand v. Preussen, 2. Magdeburgisches Nr 27 von 1815-1895. Berlin, 1896.
• Lossberg, Friedrich Wilhelm von. Briefe in die Heimat. Cassel, 1844.
• Loza, Stanislaw. Legia Honorowa w Polsce 1803-1923. Zamość, 1923.
• Lunsmann, Fritz. Die Armee des Koniglichs Westfalen 1807-1813. Berlin, 1935.
• Marco de Saint-Hilaire, Emile. Histoire de la Campagne de Russie pendant l'Annee 1812.... 2 vols. Paris, [1846-1848].
• Margueron, Cmdt. Campagne de Russie. 3 vols. in 4. Paris, n.d.
• Martinien, A. Tableaux par corps et par batailles des officiers tues et blesses pedant les guerres de l'Empire (1805–1815). Reprint edition.. Paris, Editions Militaires Europeennes, S.d.
• Nafziger, George et al. Poles and Saxons of the Napoleonic Wars. Chicago, 1991.
• Nekrolog of Georg Plessmann in "Frankfurther patriotisches Wochenblatt ...." Nro. 10, 1817.
• Ostrowski, Ant. Zywot Thomasza Ostrowskiego. vol. 1. Lvov, 1872.
• Otechestvennaia voina 1812 goda. Part I, 21 volumes (in 22); Part II, 1 volume. St.-Petersburg, Tipografia ABerezhlivost, 1900-1914. The first 7 volumes of Part I were translated into French by E. Cazalas and published, at the direction of the Section Historique of the French General Staff, under the title ALa guerre nationale de 1812", beginning in 1902.
• Polotsko-vitebskaia starina. Vitebsk, 1911-1916.
• Poniatowski, Jozef, prince. Korrespondencya ksiecia Jozefa Poniatowskiego z Francya. 5 vols. Poznań, 1921-29.
• Das Preussische Heer der Befreiungskriege. Vol.1. Berlin, 1912. Reprint edition, 1982.
• Priesdorf, Kurt von. Soldatisches Fuhrertum. 10 vols. Hamburg, 1936-45.
• Quintin, Danielle et Bernard. Dictionnaire de Colonels de Napoleon. 1996. S.P.M., Paris.
• Rangliste der Koniglich Bayerischen Armee fur das Jahr 1811. Neudruch der Ausgabe 1811. Osnabrück, 1982.
• Rang- und Quartierliste der Preussischen Armee von 1812. Unveranderter Faksimiledruck mit einer Einleitung von Werner Hahlweg. Osnabrück, 1968.
• Rousset, Camille, editor. Souvenirs du Marechal Macdonald, duc de Tarente. Paris, 1892.
• Schoning, Kurd Wolfgang v. Historisch-biographische Nachrichten zur Geschichte der Brandenburgisch-Preussischen Artillerie. Vol. 3. Berlin, 1845.
• Schubert, Franz and Hans Vara. Geschichte des K. B. 13. Infanterie-Regiments Kaiser Franz Joseph von Osterreich. Vol 1. Munich, 1910.
• Seraphim. Der Feldzeug in Kurland 1812. Riga, 1910.
• Seydlitz. Tagebuch des K. Preussischen Armeecorps im Feldzuge 1812. Berlin, 1823.
• "10e Corps d'Armee - Situation au 20. Juin 1812" in Marshal Davout's archive at the S. H. A. T.
• Six, Georges. Dictionnaire Biographique des Généraux & Admiraux Français de la Revolution et de l'Empire (1792–1814). 2 volumes. Reprint edition. Paris, Georges Saffroy, 1974.
• Stalins, Jean-Luc. Ordre Imperial de la Reunion. Paris, 1958.
• Strotha, von. Die Koniglich Preussische Reitende Artillerie vom Jahre 1759 bis 1816. Berlin, 1861. Reprint edition Wiesbaden, 1981.
• Staszewski, Janusz. "Dywizja gdanska w walkach nad Dzwina i w obronie Gdanska (1812–13)". In Rocznik Gdanski Vol. 11. Gdańsk, 1933-34.
• Staszewski, Janusz. "Z dziejow garizonu polskiego w Gdansku w latach 1808-1812". In ARocznik Gdanski Vol. 7/8. Gdańsk, 1937.
• "Die Theilnahme des Preussischen Hulfscorps an dem Feldzuge gegen Russland im Jahre 1812". In Kriegsgeschichtliche Einzelschriften Vol. 4, Heft 24. Berlin, 1898. Pp. vii, 433-566, 5 folding maps.
• Voenno-istoricheskii sbornik. Spb., 1911-16.
• Voigt, Gunter. Deutschlands Heere bis 1918. Ursprung und Entwicklung der eizelnen Formationen. Vol 1 - Die Garde- und die Grenadier-Regimenter 1-12 der preussoischen Armee. Osnabrück, 1980.
• Wesolowski, Zdzislaw P. The Order of the Virtuti Militari and its Cavaliers 1792-1992 (sic)... Miami, 1992.
• Zych, Gabriel. Armia Ksiestwa Warszawskiego 1807-1812. Warsaw, 1961.