World Single Distance Championships

The World Single Distance Championships are a series of speed skating competitions organised by the International Skating Union.

History

Since the late 19th century, speed skating championships were always decided by racing multiple distances – four different distances for the allround championships, and two different distances (which have to be skated twice) for sprint championships. However, the speed skating events at the Olympic Games were always individual distances, no medals are awarded for a combined event (the only exception being the 1924 Winter Olympics).

Towards the end of the 20th century, skaters started to specialize and it became rare that a skater was able to dominate both the short and the long distances. Perhaps the last skater able to do so was Eric Heiden, who won all five distances at the 1980 Winter Olympics. As a consequence of this specialization, the difference between the Olympic Games and the regular championships, and the popularity of both the Speed skating World Cup and Single Distance Championships held nationally in several countries, the International Skating Union decided to organise the World Single Distance Championships. Starting in 1996, this originally was an annual event, but in 1998 it became clear that having World Single Distance Championships and the Single Distance Championships as held at the Winter Olympics during the same year was a bit much, so since 1999, the World Single Distance Championships are no longer held in (Winter) Olympic years.

Distances

Note that the 500 m is raced twice to counteract any benefits from starting in the inner lane. This is because the skaters switch lanes for each 400 m lap, so a skater using the inner lane on the first 100 m would have a much lower speed going into that inner lane – and can thus negotiate it more easily. Therefore, each skater will start once in the inner lane, and once in the outer lane. The winner is the skater with the least combined time.

The skaters compete in the following distances:

Men

For medal winners, see World Single Distance Championships for Men.

• 500 m
• 1,000 m
• 1,500 m
• 5,000 m
• 10,000 m
• Team pursuit (since 2005)
• Mass start (since 2015)

Women

For medal winners, see World Single Distance Championships for Women.

• 500 m
• 1,000 m
• 1,500 m
• 3,000 m
• 5,000 m
• Team pursuit (since 2005)
• Mass start (since 2015)

Events

Medal summary

The medal table by nations is the total number of the 14 distances (men and women) at all of the 17 championships (1996–2016). The individual tables are about the seven distances by gender.

Nations All medals. Nation 01 ! 02 ! 03 ! Total  Netherlands 69 68 55 192  Germany 36 31 25 92  Canada 22 23 31 76  United States 15 13 22 50  Czech Republic 12 3 1 16  Russia 9 10 12 31  South Korea 9 7 6 22  Japan 8 11 15 34  Norway 7 10 7 24  China 3 8 4 15  Austria 1 0 2 3  Kazakhstan 1 0 1 2  Italy 0 6 2 8  Belgium 0 2 1 3  Poland 0 1 2 3  Belarus 0 1 1 2  Sweden 0 1 0 1  Finland 0 0 2 2  France 0 0 2 2

Men individual Top 10, including team pursuit. Skater 01 ! 02 ! 03 ! Total Sven Kramer 17 2 0 18 Shani Davis 8 4 3 15 Bob de Jong 7 8 5 20 Gianni Romme 7 2 3 12 Erben Wennemars 6 2 3 11 Carl Verheijen 5 5 3 13 Hiroyasu Shimizu 5 3 2 10 Ådne Søndrål 4 6 0 10 Jeremy Wotherspoon 4 3 3 10 Denis Yuskov 3 1 1 5

Women individual Top 10, including team pursuit. Skater 01 ! 02 ! 03 ! Total Anni Friesinger-Postma 12 9 1 22 Martina Sáblíková 12 3 0 15 Gunda Niemann 11 3 0 14 Ireen Wüst 10 12 1 23 Christine Nesbitt 7 2 3 12 Claudia Pechstein 5 12 12 29 Monique Garbrecht-Enfeldt 4 2 0 6 Jenny Wolf 4 0 0 4 Cindy Klassen 3 4 4 11 Kristina Groves 3 3 7 13