Wings for My Flight

Wings for My Flight: the Peregrine Falcons of Chimney Rock

Cover of the 1991 edition
Author Marcy Cottrell Houle
Country United States
Subject Peregrine falcons, environmental protection
Genre Non-fiction
Published
Media type Print
Pages 188 (1991 edition)
216 (2014 updated edition)
Awards Oregon Book Award
Christopher Award
ISBN 0-87108-897-5
598.9

Wings for My Flight: the Peregrine Falcons of Chimney Rock is a book by Marcy Cottrell Houle. The book focuses on Houle's efforts to save the then-endangered peregrine falcons from extinction. By 1975, peregrine falcons had been reduced to 324 pairs in the United States, primarily as a result of DDT, a widely used pesticide. DDT inhibited the production of calcium and caused eggs to thin and break during incubation. Recovery efforts for the peregrine have been successful: DDT was banned by the U.S. in 1972 and efforts to breed and train peregrine falcons in captivity to later release to the wild were effective. In 1999, the peregrine falcon was removed from the U.S. Endangered Species list.

After graduating from Colorado College in the 1970s, Houle was employed by the Colorado Division of Wildlife and assigned to Chimney Rock, where one of the last pairs of peregrine falcons was discovered. Wings for My Flight documents Houle's observations of the Chimney Rock peregrine falcons, as well as the Chimney Rock community, in the summer of 1975. In order to protect the falcons, Houle had to halt a multimillion-dollar project to build a tourist attraction for ancient Anasazi Indian ruins in the area and faced harassment by the Chimney Rock community as a result. The community eventually shows concern for Houle, however, after her trailer is burglarized.

Wings for My Flight was originally published in hardcover by Addison-Wesley in 1991. The book was republished in 1999 by Pruett Publishing and again in 2014 by the University of New Mexico Press. In May 1996, the children's magazine Cricket published a short story written by Houle titled "Albert", adapted from Wings for My Flight. Reception to Wings for My Flight has generally been positive. The book co-received the Oregon Book Award in 1991 and was also awarded a Christopher Award for books in 1992. The Library Journal described the book as "well-crafted and compelling," while the Los Angeles Times referred to the book as "heartfelt", although "naive and overdrawn at times".

Background

Marcy Cottrell Houle wrote Wings for My Flight in the several decades following a major decline in the peregrine falcon population, which occurred between 1950 and 1970. During the 1930s and 40s, an estimated 1000 breeding pairs of peregrine falcons inhabited the western United States and Mexico, coupled with 500 pairs in the eastern U.S.[1] By the 70s, there were no peregrine falcon nests discovered east of the Rocky Mountains,[2]:xii and in the West, peregrine falcon populations had declined by 80 to 90 percent.[1] By the events of Wings for My Flight, which take place in 1975, only 324 pairs of peregrine falcons were known to reside in the United States,[3] with only seven pairs in the Rocky Mountains region, and one at Chimney Rock National Monument in southwestern Colorado.[2]:xii

In the midst of the peregrine falcon decline, Houle studied biology at Colorado College in Colorado Springs. The institution's block scheduling system allowed Houle to frequently travel to experience various biological ecosystems in addition to her academic studies. Upon leaving college, Houle began working for the Colorado Division of Wildlife, and her first field assignment was to observe peregrine falcon activity along the Rocky Mountains for four summers, two of which were spent at Chimney Rock. Following the experience, Houle had to decide whether to continue pursuing wildlife biology or to instead commit to her passion of writing. Wings for My Flight merges both fields and documents Houle's observations of the peregrines and the community at Chimney Rock during her first summer there.[4]

The peregrine falcon became an endangered species primarily due to the use of organochlorine pesticides, especially DDT,[5] whose breakdown lowered estrogen levels in the female peregrine bloodstream and inhibited the production of calcium, causing eggs to grow thinner by up to 20 percent. Since peregrine falcons lay their eggs on rocky ledges rather than nests, the thinned shells break under the stress of both the rocky ledge and the weight of the parents during incubation.[2]:15–16 Following 1970, recovery efforts for the peregrine falcon population commenced globally. The agricultural use of DDT was banned in the United States in 1972,[5][6] and recovery teams in North America and Europe were successful in breeding and training peregrines in captivity to later release to the wild, a procedure called hacking.[7][8] In 1999, the peregrine falcon was removed from the U.S. Endangered Species list.[3]

Content summary

Chimney Rock, a prominent geological rock formation in Colorado where the majority of the book's events took place, photographed in 2010

The events of Wings for My Flight take place throughout 1975. Marcy Cottrell, a 21-year-old wildlife biologist, is sent by her supervisor, Barry Layne, to the U.S. Forest Service office near Chimney Rock in Colorado, where a pair of peregrine falcons reside.[2]:4 The pair is one of only seven pairs remaining in the Rocky Mountains region.[2]:xii Upon meeting Mr. Preston Fitch, an administrator involved with the peregrine falcon project, Cottrell is criticized for her lack of experience in the field. Nevertheless, Mr. Fitch introduces Cottrell to Chimney Rock.[2]:5 He explains that the Forest Service spent more than half a million dollars building a road which led to Chimney Rock; work on the road had to be discontinued upon discovery of the falcons. Further, the Chimney Rock area was home to 250 Anasazi Indian ruins dated between 900 and 1100.[2]:7 Cottrell spends several weeks with the peregrine falcons, recording her observations in her notebook. In spite of her initial attempt at maintaining an impersonal relationship with the falcons, Cottrell names the female peregrine "Jenny" and the male "King Arthur".[2]:23 In the middle of June, after several days of making field observations alone and with limited equipment, Mr. Fitch introduces Cottrell to her teammate, Alex Porter. He also provides them with a garbage truck for transportation.[2]:51

A juvenile American peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus anatum), the same species as the ones observed by Houle at Chimney Rock, photographed in California, 2008

Meanwhile, Cottrell is forced to face indignation and harassment from the residents of the Chimney Rock community, who view her presence as impeding the progress of the construction of a tourist attraction for the Indian ruins.[9] At one point, Maurice Richards, a high-ranking official of the Colorado Division of Wildlife, attempts to host a picnic on area restricted for the peregrines. When Cottrell forces him to leave, Richards threatens to fire her.[2]:70–74 Later, the female peregrine Jenny disappears and never returns. A local resident claims she was shot and killed by a member of the Chimney Rock community.[2]:81As a result of Jenny's disappearance, King Arthur spends several days of ignoring the hatchlings. After this period of "grief",[2]:75 King Arthur begins to raise the young falcons singlehandedly.[2]:84–85 Following this, Cottrell discovers that of five nestlings hatched by the pair, only two received enough food to survive.[2]:86 Cottrell names the surviving pair of nestlings "Bold Leopold" and "Albert" after their distinct personalities; Leopold was more courageous and would always be the first to try new things, such as flying, whereas Albert would be more hesitant.[2]:97 In spite of all the attempts to intimidate her, the people of Chimney Rock eventually sympathize with Cottrell after her trailer, containing valuable field equipment as well as Cottrell's personal items, is burglarized.[2]:174–176

Publication history

Wings for My Flight was first published in 1991 in hardcover by Addison-Wesley.[10] Houle later wrote a short story titled "Albert" that was adapted from Wings for My Flight, focusing on Albert and Leopold's first attempts at flying. The story was published in the May 1996 issue of the children's magazine Cricket.[11] Wings for My Flight was published again in paperback in 1999 by Pruett Publishing, and it included a foreword by Robert Michael Pyle and a new preface and epilogue by Houle.[12] In 2014, the book was updated and republished again under the University of New Mexico Press. The updated edition contains photographs of the Chimney Rock landscape, as well as a preface by Houle that addresses the recovery of the peregrine falcon population since the book was first published in 1991.[13] Houle highlights the 1972 agricultural prohibition of DDT, which was the chemical primarily responsible for the peregrine decline; the Endangered Species Act of 1973, which allowed the pursuit of wildlife conservation to take precedence over land issues; and successful attempts to raise peregrines in captivity and later release to the wild.[2]:xiii[13] While writing the book, Houle changed the names of various people and places. "I felt more comfortable changing the names because I worked for so long with those people, it was impossible to be honest about them if I named them," Houle explained in a 1991 interview with the Rocky Mountain News.[14]

Reception

Wings for My Flight was generally well received. In 1991, the book received the Oregon Book Award for literary nonfiction, co-receiving the award with My Country, My Right to Serve by Mary Ann Humphrey.[15] The Oregon Book Award, presented annually by Literary Arts, a non-profit organization that promotes literature, intends to recognize the works of Oregon-based authors in a variety of literary genres.[16][17] Additionally, in 1992, the book received a Christopher Award,[18] which is presented annually by The Christophers, a non-profit Christian inspirational group, and recognizes creators of books, motion pictures, and television specials that "affirm the highest values of the human spirit."[19]

The Chicago Sun-Times published a positive review, noting how "Houle blends elements of adventure, romance, humor and pathos in the story of her rookie summer as a wildlife biologist. Along the way she offers vivid descriptions of her skydiving subjects and the seductive beauty of the wilderness."[20] David M. Schwartz, in the May 1992 edition of Smithsonian, praised Houle's prose in Wings for My Flight, writing how the story is "told with a charming simplicity in fewer than 200 pages".[21] Schwartz also praised Houle for including her notational system for documenting field observations, stating that it "opens a window on field biology".[21] Writing for the Library Journal, Henry T. Armistead referred to the book as "well crafted and compelling, a dramatization of the classic conflict between the legitimate interests of conservationists and developers," and, "highly recommended on several levels, as science, sociology, or a story."[22] Andrew Gulliford, a professor of history and environmental studies at Fort Lewis College, wrote for The Durango Herald, noting the significance of Houle's efforts to prevent "inappropriate development" at Chimney Rock, which was proclaimed a U.S. National Monument by President Barack Obama in 2012. "Wings for My Flight is a personal story," wrote Gulliford, "but also a chronicle of environmental success. Without a doubt, peregrines saved Chimney Rock for the rest of us."[23]

Paul De Witte, a freelance writer for The Record (now the Waterloo Region Record), wrote a mixed review, saying that "although the novel will certainly find its audience, its Disneyesque sensibilities will kill its broader appeal. The topics of wildlife conservation and global ecological accountability warrant a depth that the author seems unwilling to give her book."[24] Kirkus Reviews referred to the book as "an enlightening cautionary take" and "a charmingly personal account", but also as "loosely organized and occasionally sparse on detail."[9] John Wilkes, for the Los Angeles Times, wrote, "Although naive and overdrawn at times, this heartfelt tale will bring tears and smiles to even the most stubbornly objective reader."[25] Donna Mitchell for The Wilson Bulletin (now The Wilson Journal of Ornithology) wrote that Houle's interpretation of the falcons' behavior is excessively "anthropomorphic", but also that "Ms. Houle's perseverance and dedication to the protection of the Peregrine Falcon is admirable and an incentive not only to young biologists just getting started but to those of us who get a little more than discouraged with the struggle to protect endangered species and their habitats."[26]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Peregrine Falcon" (PDF). Fws.gov. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. May 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2015. Retrieved 20 September 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Houle, Marcy Cottrell (2014). Wings for my flight : the peregrine falcons of Chimney Rock (Updated ed.). Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 978-0-8263-5434-1.
  3. 1 2 "The Peregrine Falcon is Back!" (Press release). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 20 August 1999. Archived from the original on 19 October 2015. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  4. ↑ Schoolman, Ethan (2009). Cevasco, George A.; Richard P. Harmond, eds. Houle, Marcy Cottrell. Modern American Environmentalists: A Biographical Encyclopedia (Johns Hopkins University Press). pp. 206–211. ISBN 9780801895241.
  5. 1 2 T. J. Cade, J. H. Enderson, C. G. Thelander & C. M. White (Eds): Peregrine Falcon Populations – Their management and recovery. The Peregrine Fund, Boise, Idaho, 1988. ISBN 0-9619839-0-6.
  6. ↑ Young, Carla (24 January 1985). "Dioxin cleanup begins at Hill". The Free Lance-Star (in Fredericksburg and Virginia). p. 19. Archived from the original on 19 October 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2014. ... DDT, a widely used pesticide that was banned in 1972 after studies linked it to reproductive difficulties in birds ...
  7. ↑ Cassidy, J. (2005). "Book of North American Birds". Reader's Digest Editors. Reader's Digest. p. 34. ISBN 0-89577-351-1. Archived from the original on 20 October 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
  8. ↑ "Peregrine falcon: a success story". Chesapeake Bay Field Office. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Archived from the original on 3 June 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
  9. 1 2 "Wings For My Flight". Kirkus.com. Kirkus Reviews. 20 May 2010. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  10. ↑ "Wings for my flight : the peregrine falcons of Chimney Rock". Library of Congress Online Catalog. Library of Congress. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  11. ↑ Houle, Marcy Cottrell (May 1996). "Albert". Cricket 23 (9): 40. ISSN 0090-6034 – via EBSCOhost. (subscription required (help)).
  12. ↑ Baker, Jeff (26 November 1999). "Biologist Tells the Tale of Return of the Native". The Orgegonian (Oregonian Publishing Co.). p. 09 – via Access World News. (subscription required (help)).
  13. 1 2 Baker, Jeff (13 February 2014). "Peregrine falcons fly again in Marcy Houle's 'Wings for My Flight': book review". Oregon Live (The Oregonian). Archived from the original on 7 October 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2014.
  14. ↑ Gerhardt, Gary (11 June 1991). "Despite Controversies, Falconer's Research Takes Flight". Rocky Mountain News (Colorado). p. 26 – via Access World News. (subscription required (help)).
  15. ↑ "Nonfiction Awards". Literary Arts. Literary Arts. Archived from the original on 12 July 2015. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  16. ↑ "About the Oregon Book Awards". Literary Arts. Archived from the original on 3 September 2015. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
  17. ↑ "Eugene Writers Shut out at Oregon Book Awards". The Register Guard (Eugene, OR: McClatchy-Tribune Information Services). 1 November 2009. Retrieved 21 October 2015 – via HighBeam Research. (subscription required (help)). The Oregon Book Awards are presented annually for the finest accomplishments by Oregon writers of poetry, fiction, nonfiction, drama and young readers literature.
  18. ↑ "The Christophers give awards". Gainesville Sun. 23 February 1992. p. 11A. Archived from the original on 19 October 2015. Retrieved 6 September 2014.
  19. ↑ "The Christopher Awards". The Christophers. Archived from the original on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
  20. ↑ Flaherty, Dolores; Flaherty, Roger (19 April 1992). "The soaring peregrinations of Arthur and Jenny". Chicago Sun-Times. p. 13 – via Access World News. (subscription required (help)).
  21. 1 2 Schwartz, David M. (May 1992). "Book reviews". Smithsonian 23 (2): 146. ISSN 0037-7333 – via EBSCOhost. (subscription required (help)).
  22. ↑ Armistead, Henry T. (15 May 1991). "Wings for My Flight: The Peregrine Falcons of Chimney Rock (Book)". Library Journal 116 (9): 105. ISSN 0363-0277 – via EBSCOhost. (subscription required (help)).
  23. ↑ Gulliford, Andrew (10 March 2014). "A renewed look at our Colo. peregrines". The Durango Herald. Archived from the original on 5 October 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2014.
  24. ↑ De Witte, Paul (3 August 1991). "Biologist fails to inspire righteous indignation". The Record (Kitchner, Ontario). p. C4 – via Access World News. (subscription required (help)).
  25. ↑ Wilkes, John (30 April 1991). "A Born Storyteller Enjoying Her Maiden Flight". Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 14 September 2015. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  26. ↑ Mitchell, Donna (1 March 1992). "Wings for My Flight. (book reviews)". Wilson Bulletin (Wilson Ornithological Society). Retrieved 19 September 2015 – via HighBeam Research. (subscription required (help)).

Further reading

External links

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Sunday, February 07, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.