William Sears (Bahá'í)

For other people named William Sears, see William Sears (disambiguation).
William Sears

William Bernard Sears (March 28, 1911 March 25, 1992) was a writer and a popular television and radio personality in various shows culminating in the 1950s with In the Park but left television popularity to promote the Bahá'í Faith in Africa and embarked on a lifelong service to the religion, for some 35 years as Hand of the Cause, the highest office of the religion he could be appointed to. He wrote many books about the religion with Thief in the Night being his most popular.

Biography

Earliest life

William Bernard Sears was born March 28, 1911 in Aitkin,[1]:p.1 (near Duluth) Minnesota,[2] youngest of Frank and Ethel Sears' four children, and the only male.[1]:p.1 Sears was from an Irish[3] Catholic background.[4]:9:53min Sears suffered from a bout of jaundice which was to affect his health later in life.[1]:p.31 Grown during the period of the Great Depression in the United States, he worked under the name Bernard Sears as a playwright winning some awards in 1933.[5] and some plays were published of his in 1935-6 including Dad Cashes in which has biographical aspects[1]:p.3[6] and one produced.[7] The plays were not income enough and Sears got his first job in radio at WOMT in Manitowoc, Wisconsin.[1]:p.4 His first wife, Kathleen Sears, died about 1934,[1]:p.6 leaving him with two children whom he and his second wife Marguerite Reimer Sears raised.[1]:p.6

Second marriage and the Bahá'í Faith

Marguerite and William met in Milwaukee, Wisconsin - he having attended the University of Wisconsin and she Marquette University.[8] She had only recently joined the Bahá'í Faith, despite hearing of it from her father earlier, after meeting Mary Maxwell (just a few years before she herself would marry). Marguerite and William were married about 1937 with two clear understandings. On her part it was that the religion was a prominent part of her life and he would have to work with it being a priority for her - affecting, for example, where they would live.[3][4]:4:05min On his it was that he had a year old son with Tuberculosis and he needed someone to help care for him.[1]:p.6 By the time they married he was working in Iowa for the formerly WGRR station of Radio Dubuque having just applied for work in California.[4]:5:40min On the way to California for a job with KFBK (AM)[9] the Sears considered living in Utah because it was a goal area for the religion.[4]:6:23min They show up living in Salt Lake City in Spring 1939,[10] (apparently as their contribution to Shoghi Effendi's call for Bahá'ís to relocate to support the religion)[11] where he was soon assistant manager of KUTA radio station (later KNRS (AM).)[12] Marguerite left the Bahá'í book The Dawn-Breakers out for him to read - after picking it up and setting it aside once,[1]:p.9 he read it three times in three weeks[4]:7:47min and by December 1939 was avowedly a Bahá'í[13] officially joining the religion in 1940.[3]

Sears and Marguerite moved to San Mateo, California about Summer of 1942, to where a Bahá'í Spiritual Assembly had lapsed,[14] and he gave an especially noted talk about using radio to promote the religion.[15] In San Mateo they were visible giving talks on the religion as late as February 1944,[16] when he embarked on a national tour in 1945. He begins with talks in New York City area in February[17] then after a break does 48 talks across August and September through Salt Lake City, Laramie, Denver, Omaha, Topeka, Kansas City, Independence, Milwaukee, and Omaha and then in Canada in November and Charlottetown,[18] and is back in New York in December giving a talk[19] and participating in a statewide conference of Bahá'ís.[20] Across the period he was also on a committee about Bahá'í use of radio with Mildred Mottahedeh,[21] was prominently at a peace banquet with Dorothy Beecher Baker,[22] in 1946 gave talks at a meeting in Los Angeles with scholar Marzieh Gail[23] and helped a higher profile radio production in Denver.[24] There is a gap in public coverage of any talks of his until 1952 though his behind the scenes work continued and began to weave between his rising profile in the public eye and his service to the religion.

Rising to national awareness

As early as 1946 Sears is more noticeable in public working for various radio and television stations - he is visibly working with WPEN AM radio, and by 1948 WCAU-TV, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[2][25] In between, in February 1947, Marguerite lead a class in radio production at Green Acre Bahá'í School in Maine for which Sears acted as narrator and consultant before airing on WHEB[26] and by June Sears produced a set of radio spot announcements and national radio shows for the religion.[27] For commercial work he did various shows[2] including The Bill Sears Show,[28] while at the same time his first booklet publication came out - The Martyr-Prophet of a World Faith - a 19-page work with quotes from A. L. M. Nicholas, Francis Younghusband, E. G. Browne,[29] and then for WCAU Kid Gloves[30] while at the same time Sears taped an interview of Hand of the Cause Corinne True about her pilgrimage in 1907.[31] In December 1951 he began to host a television show In The Park initially on WCAU as a 15-minute program[32] which was picked up by WCBS-TV[33] as a 30-minute live program.[34] It featured conversations between Sears and puppets by Paul Ritts and Mary Donnelly[35][36][37] "… Sears (dressed in suit jacket, vest, string tie, and hat) as he sat leisurely on a bench and conversed with his puppet friends"[38] in the Central Park Zoo.[39] In July 1952 the show was advertised as costing $3250 to produce per week.[34] At the same time as the show was coming along, Sears was included in a profile of thinkers by Edward R. Murrow in his This I Believe radio series though none of the participants were allowed to name their religion by name,[40] (the series published as a book, with Sears' entry on pp. 167–8,[41] and released on the internet circa 2005.)[42] Sears began to give more public talks for the religion covered in the newspapers beginning with a funeral in Maine in summer of 1952.[43] The Ten Year Crusade, a major initiative to bring the religion to countries around the world, was announced in October and would soon figure prominently in the Sears' plans. In the Park was noted in many newspaper stories in December 1952 related to The Ed Sullivan Show,[44] and actually appeared twice on the show - January and March 1953.[45] Coverage of In the Park continued into May.[46] Meanwhile, he was attending the May 2 dedication of the Bahá'í House of Worship in Wilmette.[47] Progress in organizing the efforts of the Ten Year Crusade included the opportunity for Marguerite to attend the February conference[48] of Bahá'ís in Uganda.[4]:8:52min When Sears asked to leave his contract so he could go to Africa he was threatened with the fact that 56 people would lose their jobs.[4]:9:14min Meanwhile, the sponsor had a strike, canceled the contract, and the family left.[4]:9:34min The puppets went on to other shows.[49]

South Africa

Arriving about July 18,[50][51] Sears, his wife, and one of their children were near Johannesburg[4]:10:10min on an initial six month visa.[52] Intending to go on to Kenya, they stayed in South Africa.[1]:p.20 This was during the period of Apartheid and some just as some new laws segregating people were coming into play - Reservation of Separate Amenities Act and the Bantu Education Act. Sears suffered a heart attack a few days into their stay.[1]:p.20 After recovering they stayed in Kampala Uganda at the home of Hand of the Cause Músá Banání just after Enoch Olinga left for Cameroon.[1]:p.21 In April 1954 the Sears went on Bahá'í pilgrimage[8][53] with quick stops by Marguerite in the States sharing that pioneering doesn't magically transform someone[54] and on return their other son also moved to South Africa.[55] Among his comments of things Sears learned on pilgrimage was an attitude of service in pioneering:

"Over and over again these general principles were reiterated: pioneers going to Africa must efface themselves, they must realize that in going to Africa they go to teach the native African people, not the Europeans or others who have migrated there. Pioneers must show by actions, not by words alone, that they love the Africans and have come to Africa to serve them and show their love for them.… and (reporting the words of Shoghi Effendi) "to select those taught carefully, teach them thoroughly, strengthen them in their understanding. Give them the message in such a way as to create in them a desire to teach. Then the task is accomplished. Then let the whites disperse."[56]

After returning Sears and family moved to South Africa where they bought a farm.[1]:p.25 They helped elect the local assembly of Johannesburg[1]:p.25 and he was appointed to the Auxiliary Board for Africa[57] under Hand of the Cause Músá Banání.[58] Sears gained a job with the South African Broadcasting Corporation pre-recording radio programs and using the free time for trips to support the religion.[1]:p.26 There was another brief trip to North America - Sears in Canada possibly while adjusting passports for a longer stay and gave a talk[59] while Marguerite was in Illinois.[60] Returned in 1956 Sears was elected as chairman of the new regional assembly for South and West Africa.[61] Among many trips[1]:p.38–44 Sears drove into Zulu territory seeking out a pioneer with John Quigley[58] and also managed a quick trip to the States for a July televised program on the religion for Chicago educational television where he served as off-camera announcer as well as one of the interviewees.[62] However a new law, the Industrial Conciliation Act, 1956, set a standard that mixed groups could only have one race governing the group - the Bahá'ís chose to elect only black African leadership.[63][64][65] While in South Africa circa September 1957 Sears finished off the preface to his first book - Release the Sun.[66] Sears was briefly in the States in October,[67] before returning to South Africa[4]:11:00min and learning he was appointed a Hand of the Cause by Shoghi Effendi along with Enoch Olinga and John Robarts with responsibilities for west and South Africa.[68] The telegram arrived late in October from Músá Banání,[1]:p.44 just before Shoghi Effendi died Nov 4.

Hand of the Cause

Main article: Hands of the Cause

Crisis of the death of Shoghi Effendi

With the death of Shoghi Effendi the Hands of the Cause of God, now with its newest appointees, decided a select group would be voted on to act at the Bahá'í World Centre for the interests of the religion between the period of the leadership of Shoghi Effendi and promised election of the Universal House of Justice at the end of the Ten Year Crusade in 1963. These were called Custodians. In 1958 Sears attended the election of the French national assembly.[69] During this period the Sears were apart for about a year until she was able to live in Haifa and then they traveled further together.[1]:p.47 Meanwhile, one of their sons had married and stayed in Africa.

Sears next appears in news in the States is 1959 following a redistribution of responsibilities[70] and attended the national convention of the US community along with Corinne True and Horace Holly.[71] He then undertook a long tour of talks across the United States and into Canada through to Spring 1960.[72][73] He interrupted his tour in September having already reached more than 2000 Bahá'ís across more than a hundred individual meetings.[74] Starting in June Sears wrote several telegrams reacting to the decision of fellow Hand of the Cause Mason Remey to call himself Guardian which initiated a Bahá'í division.[75] But this claim was almost universally rejected by the body of the Bahá'ís[76] and that group later broke into several other divisions,[77] and dwindled away.[78] In October 1959 Sears released a number of tapes as well as scripts individuals could use to make their own presentations for a number of occasions,[79] and a tape of his was used in an inter-racial meeting in Durham NC the same month.[80] Meanwhile, in July 1960 Hand of the Cause Horace Holley who had been elected to act as a Custodian died. Sears was named by the Hands to fill his place.[75] Sears also released his biographical God loves laughter.[81] He then continued the tour into Latin America, Central America, the Greater Antilles and northern South American countries by July 1960.[82]

Tours in service

Finishing the Crusade

Sears was one of the signatories to a letter urging the Bahá'ís of the west to continue the work for the crusade.[83] Sears' travels continued from December 1960 starting in Alaska and then into California[84] before proceeding widely through the rest of the U.S. and on into Spring 1961.[85] And taped talks of his begin to circulate.[86]

There was special coverage of Sears helping to dedicate the Bahá'í House of Worship in Uganda in January 1961.[87] Sears' most famous book was then published. It followed biographical elements of his interest in the history of the Báb - Thief in the Night.[88] His books began to be discussed at meetings and it carries through over the years.[89]

In the Spring Sears visited the Panamanian Bahá'ís,[90] attended the national convention of Guatemala[91] as well as visiting the newly elected International Bahá'í Council, a precursor to the Universal House of Justice.[92] While there he was a co-signatory to a letter to the Bahá'ís of Australia in their efforts in the concluding years of the crusade.[93] In 1962 he visited at the University of Urbana-Champaign[94] and then participated in a radio program on WLS (AM) in Chicago[95] before attending that year's U. S. national convention (where he advocated for easing enrollment conditions that were then common practice and shared prayers in an African language,)[96] and then the French Bahá'í summer school.[97]

In 1963 he attended the conclave of the Hands of the Cause in Haifa anticipating the election of the Universal House of Justice to be the new head of the religion[98] and sent a taped message to an all-Indian council of Bahá'ís held near Tucson.[99] Sears was in London for the first Bahá'í World Congress, which was held during the election of the Universal House of Justice. Sears spoke at the second evening giving a public address.[100]

under the Universal House of Justice

Sears spent some years overseas from America[101] but in 1965 Sears was covered in various newspapers - Associated Press religion writer George W. Cornell wrote a piece on the religion including interviewing him.[102] His book Release the Sun was included by the Bahá'ís in donating to President JFK's Memorial Library, and echoed elsewhere.[103] He was interviewed on WBBY,[104] and present at different community meetings in the California area.[105] In late January 1966 the Bahá'ís organized a major conference in Fresno California. Nine days, with a talk a day, were scheduled with Lisa Montell, Mildred Mottahedeh, Arthur Dahl, Florence Mayberry, William Sears, Russell Garcia, Gina Valentine, Eulalia Bobo, Sookha Winters, Chester Khan.[106] In February Sears released a series of tapes discussing ideals and importance about contributions to the religion.[107] In May a conference of two Hands of the Cause, Sears and Zikr'u'llah Khadem, and several of their auxiliary board members and a representative of the national assembly consulted in Waukesha, Wisconsin.[108] And Sears was interviewed on the NBC Today Show on May 23.[109]

He was overseas from America for much of 1967–8,[110] starting with attending the election of a regional assembly in west central Africa.[111] In 1968 Sears was at a centennial of Bahá'u'lláh's arrival at the prison of Akka in 1868 with 9 other Hands of the Cause and some 2300 Bahá'ís at a conference in Palermo Sicily before going to Haifa as a group.[112] He then toured Bahá'í communities in the United Kingdom.[113] In December he helped dedicate a new Bahá'í center in San Bernardino, California[114] followed by attending several of the series of conferences arranged by the newly formed institution of the Continental Counsellors held across North America at Quebec, Ontario, Georgia, Pennsylvania, California, Missouri, Saskatchewan and British Columbia into March 1969.[115] In April he then attended the US national Bahá'í convention speaking at several opportunities,[116] and in September Sears helped dedicate a new Bahá'í center at Desert Hot Springs, California.[117] Meanwhile, God loves laughter was included in donations to a library[118] and tape talks of his is used for a youth conference in Australia[119] and Honduras[120] in 1968.

In 1970 Sears attended a statewide conference in February in Bradenton, Florida,[121] and another tape of a talk of his was sent to a youth conference in Indiana[122] and a summer school in Seattle[123] in June, however Sears was actually out of the country. In May he attended the French national convention[124] and in August an (Indian) oceanic conference in Mauritius[125] on the way to a task assigned by the Universal House of Justice. It had requested Sears tour Iran with Marguerite and their travels were aided by the then operating national spiritual assembly, several of whom were to be disappeared in a few years.[1]:p.65–76 They were able to visit many sites important in the History of the Bahá'í Faith - the homes of the Báb and Bahá'u'lláh, the site of the Conference of Badasht, the Siyah-Chal, the fortress of Maku, the site of the Battle of Fort Tabarsi, and the place of the Báb's execution - all despite various levels of harassment. Sears published The Prisoner and the Kings following this trip.[126] His next Bahá'í event was the Naw-Ruz opening of the Bahá'í new year celebration in a number of events in Los Angeles in March despite the troubles of the February 1971 San Fernando earthquake drawing participants from New Mexico, Nevada and Arizona - the talks and slides of the event were recorded.[127] While he was away in Iran a taped message was presented at the US national convention,[128] a general discussion tape on spiritual assemblies as an institution of the religion was released,[129] again Sears' God loves laughter was donated to a library[130] and a tape of a talk of his is used in a public meeting in Indiana.[131]

In Spring 1971 he sent a taped message to the US national convention while he was aboard ship underway to the national convention of Jamaica,[132] and another for the May conference of the Caribbean in Jamaica[133] while he was at the national convention in Germany,[134] and then a German national youth symposium.[135] Following events in South Carolina, wherein thousands of people were beginning to join the religion[136] Sears released a pair of hr long taped discussions on the subject of mass engagement with and response of the public.[137] He appeared personally in December at an awards program in California.[138] In 1972 he again sends a tape to the US national convention,[139] a letter to the national convention in Chad,[140] and one to the combined convention of Swaziland and Mozambique[141] - this time he was away for the election of the new national assembly of Ireland.[142] In October he sent a taped message to the dedication of the new institute named after Louis G. Gregory in South Carolina.[143]

1973 represents an active year again - he published a biography of Lua Getsinger,[144] gave talks at several meetings around South Carolina in January at the Louis Gregory Institute,[145] addressed the delegates to the third international convention,[146] the US national convention,[147] and the third annual youth convention of the US (held in June in Oklahoma at which some 4000 Bahá'ís attended.)[148] In December he helped set up the first officially Bahá'í television series,[3] appearing in it as well as Mr. and Mrs. Russell Garcia - it was carried by an ABC affiliate in Hawaii.[149] In Spring 1974 he attended the national convention in Japan and met Bahá'ís in South Korea at a conference.[150] In July he attended the dedication of the Bosch Bahá'í School in Santa Cruz, California.[151] In August he had two major appearances - in early August appeared an international youth conference in Hilo, Hawaii[152] and in late August he was at a musical program with Russell Garcia and Seals and Crofts in Illinois.[153]

In 1975 started in January in New York,[154] and then the US national convention in April.[155] However he was unable to attend a conference in Montreal due to deterioration in his health such that he had to stop his appearances for a time.[156] He sent a letter to an Alaskan conference in September.[157] He was able to appear at one of the two conferences[158] of Bahá'ís in California in December.[159]

The television series he had worked on in Hawaii in 1973 had been taped and was made available in 1976[160] and was aired in Alaska.[161] He attended the Canadian national convention of Bahá'ís,[162] bringing to the US convention a gift of roses in honor of Charlotte Linfoot who had just sustained a serious stroke,[163] and then an Alaskan conference in July.[164] In October he was in Nairobi Kenya for an international conference of Bahá'ís.[165]

Following the Islamic Revolution in Iran and the treatment of Bahá'ís Sears wrote A Cry from the Heart: The Bahá'ís in Iran.[166] Meanwhile, some of his earlier books are donated to libraries or given away.[167] His A Cry from the Heart was included in testimony to the US Congress about events in Iran and donated to a library in 1982.[168] In 1983 George Plagenz took an interest in the analysis Sears did of Christian prophecies (without naming Thief in the Night) and it is carried in a few cities over time.[169] He addressed the US national convention and his comments were recorded.[170]

Final years

The Sears moved to Tucson in 1985 in part of his health as the climate was better for him.[1]:p.87 He published All Flags Flying to tell anecdotes from his travel.[171] In 1986 he attended the dedication of the Lotus Temple and gave a talk that has been recorded.[172] The Sears' then began a project establishing Desert Rose Bahá'í School[1]:p.89 which had its first meetings in 1988.[173] Despite having developed prostate cancer, in 1991 Sears initiated his last major project - he began to tour five cities of the United States and then extended the tour to nine more.[1]:p.91, 93 but Sears died before going to the eighth goal city, on the morning of March 25, 1992.[1]:p.94 Along the way he published Run to Glory! with anecdotes of his life fictionalized and humorous.[174] He also had notes of works not published that were finished and published - In Grandfather's Barn[175] and The Half-Inch Prophecy.[176] He is buried in East Lawn Palms Cemetery in Tucson, Arizona.[177]

Marguerite died in 2006.

Thief in the Night

Sears' book Thief in the Night, or, The Strange Case of the Missing Millennium deals with the history and understandings of prophecies in relation to the Báb and includes references to number of issues from the 1844 Edict of Toleration, the William Miller's work on prophecy and the Millerism movement, the resulting Great Disappointment as it was understood in the West, and the History of the Bahá'í Faith in Persia. However it has a mixture of significant flaws in understanding Christian thought on the issues brought up (not that there is simple unanimity about such matters) while still presenting correct Bahá'í teachings on the various themes.[178]

Between 1961 and 1997 it was reprinted 20 times[179] and is still labeled "a classic", if popular, book and is still listed in modern PhD's as a resource.[180] It "has remained one of the best selling of all Baha'i books since it was first published in 1961."[181] The book has been noted by many Bahá'ís: Dizzy Gillespie and friends including Flora Purim,[182] and several writers on diverse themes.[183]

Remembrances

Bibliography of writings

Plays

Books

Further reading

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Marguerite Reimer Sears (2003). Bill - A biography of Hand of the Cause of God William Sears. Eloy, Arizona: Desert Rose Publishing. ISBN 0-9743979-0-3.
  2. 1 2 3
    • "Bill Sears". Broadcast Pioneers of Philadelphia. 2002. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
    • "Bill Sears". Broadcast Pioneers of Philadelphia. 2002. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Smith, Peter (2000). "William Sears". A concise encyclopedia of the Bahá'í Faith. Oxford: Oneworld Publications. pp. 307–308. ISBN 1-85168-184-1.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Marguerite Sears, Bill Sears (2006). Marguerite Sears: Undying Flame (film). National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of the United States.
    • Dad Cashes in (under "Bernard Sears") - "Class D - Dramatic Compositions". Catalog of Copyright entries; Part 1, Group 3, Dramatic Compositions - Motion Pictures (Library of Congress) 8 (9): 267. 1935. Retrieved Jan 13, 2015.
    • "Dramatic Club delights crowd". New Castle News (New Castle, Pennsylvania). 18 Apr 1936. p. 12. Retrieved Jan 15, 2015.
    • The Cardigan kid; a comedy in 1 act ( under "William B. Sears"- "Class D - Dramatic Compositions". Catalog of Copyright entries; Part 1, Group 3, Dramatic Compositions - Motion Pictures (Library of Congress) 9 (5): 184. 1936. Retrieved Jan 13, 2015.
    • The Undoing of Albert O'Donnell; a comedy in 1 act (under "William B. Sears") - "Class D - Dramatic Compositions". Catalog of Copyright entries; Part 1, Group 3, Dramatic Compositions - Motion Pictures (Library of Congress) 9 (5): 184. 1936. Retrieved Jan 13, 2015.
  5. Wisconsin community plays - "Class D - Dramatic Compositions". Catalog of Copyright entries; Part 1, Group 3, Dramatic Compositions - Motion Pictures (Library of Congress) 9 (5): 173. 1936. Retrieved Jan 13, 2015.
  6. 1 2 "Mrs Sears to tour world in interest of Baha'i Faith". The Milwaukee Sentinel - (Milwaukee, Wisconsin). Jan 15, 1953. p. 7.
  7. "Behind the Mic" (PDF). Broadcast and Broadcast Advertising (Washington D.C.) 16 (3): 38. Feb 1, 1939. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  8. "Settlement of the nine areas". Bahá'í News 2 (124). April 1939. p. 6. Retrieved Jan 11, 2015.
  9. "Convention greetings and gratitude to pioneers". Bahá'í News. June 1939. p. 3. Retrieved Jan 11, 2015.
  10. "Teaching activities0". Bahá'í News 2 (129). September 1939. pp. 6–7. Retrieved Jan 11, 2015.
  11. "Teaching Achievements". Bahá'í News. January 1940. p. 5. Retrieved Jan 11, 2015.
  12. "National and Regional Teaching Activities". Bahá'í News (155). August 1942. pp. 4–6 (see page 6). Retrieved Jan 11, 2015.
  13. "Radio". Bahá'í News (164). July 1943. p. 6. Retrieved Jan 11, 2015.
  14. "K. Y. A.". The Times (San Mateo, California). Feb 11, 1944. p. 8. Retrieved Jan 9, 2015.
    • "K. Y. A.". The Times (San Mateo, California). Feb 18, 1944. p. 8. Retrieved Jan 9, 2015.
  15. "Teaching Circuits". Bahá'í News (174). May 1945. p. 6. Retrieved Jan 11, 2015.
  16. "Flatbush minister addresses Bahais". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle (Brooklyn, New York). Dec 16, 1944. p. 4. Retrieved Jan 10, 2015.
  17. "Regional Committees". Bahá'í News (174). May 1945. p. 5. Retrieved Jan 9, 2015.
  18. "Directory; National and Regional committees; Radio". Bahá'í News (172). February 1945. p. 5. Retrieved Jan 11, 2015.
  19. "Milwaukee, Wisconsin". Bahá'í News (177). November 1945. p. 15. Retrieved Jan 11, 2015.
  20. Virginia Foster (March 1946). "The Los Angeles Public Meeting". Bahá'í News (181). p. 7. Retrieved Jan 11, 2015.
  21. "Denver public meeting". Bahá'í News. April 1946. pp. 5–6. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  22. "WPEN - 950". Pottstown Mercury (Pottstown, Pennsylvania). Apr 1, 1947. p. 12. Retrieved Jan 9, 2015.
  23. "Radio script writing at Green Acre". Bahá'í News. February 1947. pp. 8–9. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  24. "Teaching by air". Bahá'í News. June 1947. p. 8. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  25. Morton, Al (27 Apr 1950). "TV Notes by". Delaware County Daily Times (Chester, Pennsylvania). p. 42. Retrieved Jan 9, 2015.
  26. William B. Sears (1950). The Martyr-prophet of a World Faith. Bahá'i Publishing Committee.
  27. "Radio and Television Highlights for Tuesday". Delaware County Daily Times (Chester, Pennsylvania). May 22, 1951. p. 10. Retrieved Jan 10, 2015.
  28. Corinne True, William Sears (1951). Memories: Bill Sears interviews Mrs. True (audio). Bahai-Library.com.
  29. Brandi Scardilli (May 2010). Love, Luck and Lollipops; Children's television programming in Philadelphia, 1948-1969. Masters Degree (Thesis) (Camden, New Jersey: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey). p. 23. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  30. "Television and Radio Programs". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle (Brooklyn, New York). Dec 23, 1951. p. 20. Retrieved Jan 10, 2015.
  31. 1 2 "Available network package programs (TV)". Sponsor 6 (14): 149–150. July 14, 1952. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  32. Kevin S. Butler (2006). "The Ritts Puppets". TVparty!. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  33. Dennis McLellan (May 25, 2006). "Mary Ritts, 95; She and Husband Had a Long TV Run With Ritts Puppets". Los Angeles Times (Los Angeles, California). Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  34. Stephen Miller (May 26, 2006). "Mary Ritts, 95, Half of a TV Puppeteer Team". The Sun (New York, NY). Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  35. "The Ritts Puppets". Puppets & Puppeteers. TV Acres. 2013. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  36. "Mary Ritts and Puppets". Broadcast Pioneers of Philadelphia. 2006. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  37. 1 2 "National Radio; This I Believe". Bahá'í News. September 1952. p. 10. Retrieved Jan 14, 2015.
  38. Edward R. Murrow (1952). This I Believe: the Living Philosophies of One Hundred Thoughtful Men and Women in All Walks of Life. Simon and Schuster. pp. 167–8.
  39. Bill Sears (2005) [1952]. Closer Than My Own Back Yard (radio/audio). This I Believe, Inc.
    • "Miss Maud Mickle". The Portsmouth Herald (Portsmouth, New Hampshire). Jul 25, 1952. p. 3. Retrieved Jan 10, 2015.
    • "William Sears Baha'i speaker". The Portsmouth Herald (Portsmouth, New Hampshire). Jul 28, 1952. p. 2. Retrieved Jan 10, 2015.
  40. David M. Inman (16 November 2005). Television Variety Shows: Histories and Episode Guides to 57 Programs. McFarland. p. 79. ISBN 978-0-7864-2198-5.
  41. Bruce Whitmore (April 1975). "The dedication of the first Mashriqu'l-Adhkár of the West". Bahá'í News. pp. 12–17 (see page 15). Retrieved Jan 19, 2015.
  42. "The Guardian's Message to the first Intercontinental Conference". Bahá'í News. No. 265. March 1953. pp. 1–3.
  43. "TV Roundup - Menageries set for 'Comeback'" (PDF). Philadelphia Inquirer (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania). August 6, 1956. p. 18. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  44. "First Pioneer Report". Bahá'í News (270). August 1953. p. 1. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  45. "World Crusade Report". Bahá'í News (277). March 1954. p. 7. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  46. Judy Jennings (August 10, 1953). "Monday Morning Gossip of the nation" (PDF). Philadelphia Inquirer (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania). p. 11. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  47. William Sears (1997). "Pilgrimage to Haifa". Pilgrims' notes. Bahai-Library.com. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  48. "News from Africa". Bahá'í News. July 1954. pp. 4–5 (see page 5). Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  49. "Eighth Pioneer Report". Bahá'í News. July 1954. p. 4. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  50. "United States Africa Teaching Committee; Goals for this year". Bahá'í News. September 1954. pp. 10–11 (see page 11). Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
  51. "United States Africa Teaching Committee; Africa News". Bahá'í News (288). February 1955. pp. 7–8. Retrieved Jan 12, 2015.
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