William J. Casey

"William Casey" redirects here. For other people, see William Casey (disambiguation).

For the Massachusetts politician, see William J. Casey (Massachusetts politician)

William J. Casey


13th Director of Central Intelligence
In office January 28, 1981 – January 29, 1987
President	Ronald Reagan
Preceded by	Adm. Stansfield Turner
Succeeded by	William H. Webster
Personal details
Born	(1913-03-13)March 13, 1913 Elmhurst, Queens, New York
Died	May 6, 1987(1987-05-06) (aged 74) Roslyn Harbor, New York
Religion	Roman Catholic

William Joseph Casey (March 13, 1913 – May 6, 1987) was the Director of Central Intelligence from 1981 to 1987. In this capacity he oversaw the entire United States Intelligence Community and personally directed the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).

Life and career

A native of Elmhurst, Queens, New York, Casey graduated from Fordham University in 1934 and earned a law degree from St. John's University School of Law in 1937. His portrait now sits in Molloy College. During World War II, he worked for the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) — the predecessor to the CIA — where he became head of its Secret Intelligence Branch in Europe.^[1] He was awarded the Bronze Star Medal for meritorious achievement. The OSS was dissolved in 1945.

Casey ran as a "Javits Republican" for New York's 3rd congressional district in 1966, but was defeated in the primary by former Congressman Steven Derounian.^[2] After practicing corporate law in New York, he served in the Nixon Administration as the chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission from 1971 to 1973;^[3] this position led to his being called as a prosecution witness against former Attorney General John N. Mitchell and former Commerce Secretary Maurice Stans in an influence-peddling case stemming from international financier Robert Vesco's $200,000 contribution to the Nixon reelection campaign.^[4] He then served as Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs for 1973-74 and chairman of the Export-Import Bank of the United States 1974-76. He was a co-founder of the Manhattan Institute in 1978. He is the father-in-law of Owen Smith, Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Institute of World Politics and Professor Emeritus at Long Island University.^[5]

Director of Central Intelligence

Casey was campaign manager of the successful presidential campaign of Ronald Reagan in 1980, and served on the transition team following the election. After Reagan took office, Reagan named Casey to the post of Director of Central Intelligence.^[6] Stansfield Turner dubbed it the "Resurrection of Wild Bill", referring to Bill Donovan, the brilliant and eccentric head of OSS in World War II whom Casey greatly admired.^[7]

During his tenure at the CIA, Casey played a large part in the shaping of Reagan's foreign policy, particularly Reagan's approach to Soviet international activity. Based on the book, The Terror Network, Casey believed that the Soviet Union was the source of most worldwide terrorist activity in spite of CIA analysts providing evidence that this was in fact black propaganda by the CIA itself. Casey obtained a report from a professor who agreed with his view. Casey also turned to Defense Intelligence Agency for a competing analysis, that was ultimately reconciled with the CIA analysts to produce the estimate circulated within the government as "The Soviet Role in Revolutionary Violence."^[8] This, in turn, convinced Reagan that there was a threat.^[9] After records from the collapsed Communist governments became available in the 1990s it became clear that the disputed report overestimated Communist involvement in terrorist activity.^[10]

Ronald Reagan used other prominent Catholics in his government to brief the pope during the Cold War. Casey would fly secretly to Rome in a windowless C-141 black jet and "be taken undercover to the Vatican.^[11]

Casey oversaw the re-expansion of the Intelligence Community to funding and human resource levels greater than those existing before the preceding Carter Administration; in particular, he increased levels within the CIA. During his tenure, restrictions were lifted on the use of the CIA to directly and covertly influence the internal and foreign affairs of countries relevant to American policy. Notably, Casey articulated before Congress in December 1981 that covert operations in Nicaragua were in the interest of national security.^[12]

This period of the Cold War saw an increase in the Agency's global, anti-Soviet activities, which is started under the Carter Doctrine in late 1980.

Iran–Contra affair

Hours before Casey was scheduled to testify before Congress related to his knowledge of the Iran–Contra affair, he was reported to have been rendered incapable of speech during an operation to remove a brain tumor.

In a 1987 book, Veil: The Secret Wars of the CIA 1981-1987, Washington Post reporter and biographer Bob Woodward, who had interviewed Casey on a number of occasions for the biography, said that he had gained entry into Casey's hospital room for a final, four-minute encounter—a claim which was met with disbelief in many quarters as well as an adamant denial from Casey's wife, Sofia. According to Woodward, when Casey was asked if he knew about the diversion of funds to the Nicaraguan Contras, "His head jerked up hard. He stared, and finally nodded yes."^[13] Independent Counsel, Lawrence Walsh wrote: "Independent Counsel obtained no documentary evidence showing Casey knew about or approved the diversion. The only direct testimony linking Casey to early knowledge of the diversion came from [Oliver] North."^[14]

Personal life

Casey, a Catholic, was a member of the Knights of Malta.^[15]

Death

Casey died of a brain tumor in 1987 at the age of 74. His Requiem Mass was said by Fr. Daniel Fagan, then pastor of St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church in Roslyn, New York. It was attended by President Reagan and the First Lady. Casey is buried in the Cemetery of the Holy Rood in Westbury, New York. He was survived by his wife, the former Sophia McDaid (d.2000), and his daughter, Bernadette Casey Smith.^[16]

References

↑ Pace, Eric (May 7, 1987). "Obituary of Mr William Casey". New York Times. Mr. Casey, after serving as chief of secret intelligence in Europe for the Office of Strategic Services in World War II,
↑ Wolfgang Saxon (April 20, 2007). "Steven B. Derounian, 89, Judge and Nassau Ex-Congressman, Dies". New York Times.
↑ Nomination of William J. Casey: Hearings, Ninety-second Congress, first session, on the nomination of William J. Casey to be a member of the Securities and Exchange Commission. February 10 and March 9, 1971.
↑ Woodward, Bob (1987). VEIL: The Secret Wars of the CIA 1981-1987. New York: Simon and Schuster. p. 51.
↑ http://www.iwp.edu/about/page/board-of-trustees
↑ Nomination of William J. Casey: Hearing Before the Select Committee on Intelligence, of the United States Senate, Ninety-seventh Congress, First Session, on Nomination of William J. Casey, to be Director of Central Intelligence, Tuesday, January 13, 1981, Volume 4.
↑ Burn Before Reading, Stansfield Turner, Hyperion, 2005, first page of chapter on Ronald Reagan
↑ Robert Gates, From The Shadows, 1996 (pp. 203-206 of Simon & Schuster 2006 paperback edition)
↑ The Power of Nightmares Part 1 'Baby it's cold outside'
↑ Gates, p. 206
↑ Officials say pope, Reagan shared Cold War data, but lacked alliance, Catholic News Service, Nov-17-2004
↑ Webb, Gary (1999). Dark Alliance. Seven Stories Press. p. 74. ISBN 978-1-888363-93-7.
↑ "Did A Dead Man Tell No Tales?" by Richard Zoglin, Time, October 12, 1987
↑ https://fas.org/irp/offdocs/walsh/chap_15.htm
↑ Phelan, Matthew (2011-02-28) Seymour Hersh and the men who want him committed, Salon.com
↑ On October 5, 2000, of Roslyn Harbor. Beloved wife of the late William J. Casey, former Director of Central Intelligence. Loving mother of Bernadette Casey Smith, The New York Times, October 9, 2000

Joseph E. Persico. Casey: The Lives and Secrets of William J. Casey-From the Oss to the CIA (1991)
Casey was featured prominently in Bob Woodward's book Veil: The Secret Wars of the CIA (ISBN 0-671-60117-2).
Casey's role in the Afghanistan War in Steve Coll's book Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and Bin Laden, From the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001 (ISBN 1-59420-007-6).

External links

Government offices
Preceded by Hamer H. Budge	Securities and Exchange Commission Chair 1971–1973	Succeeded by G. Bradford Cook
Preceded by Thomas C. Mann	Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs February 2, 1973 – March 14, 1974	Succeeded by Charles W. Robinson
Preceded by Stansfield Turner	Director of Central Intelligence January 28, 1981 – January 29, 1987	Succeeded by William H. Webster

Cabinet of President Ronald Reagan (1981–89)

Cabinet

Secretary of State	Alexander M. Haig Jr. (1981–82) George P. Shultz (1982–89)

Secretary of the Treasury	Donald T. Regan (1981–85) James A. Baker (1985–88) Nicholas F. Brady (1988–89)

Secretary of Defense	Caspar W. Weinberger (1981–87) Frank C. Carlucci (1987–89)

Attorney General	William French Smith (1981–85) Edwin Meese (1985–88) Richard L. Thornburgh (1988–89)

Secretary of the Interior	James G. Watt (1981–83) William P. Clark (1983–85) Donald P. Hodel (1985–89)

Secretary of Agriculture	John R. Block (1981–86) Richard E. Lyng (1986–89)

Secretary of Commerce	Malcolm Baldrige (1981–87) C. William Verity (1987–89)

Secretary of Labor	Raymond J. Donovan (1981–85) William E. Brock III (1985–87) Ann Dore McLaughlin (1987–89)

Secretary of Health and Human Services	Richard S. Schweiker (1981–83) Margaret M. Heckler (1983–85) Otis R. Bowen (1985–89)

Secretary of Housing and Urban Development	Samuel R. Pierce (1981–89)

Secretary of Transportation	Drew Lewis (1981–83) Elizabeth H. Dole (1983–87) James H. Burnley IV (1987–89)

Secretary of Energy	James B. Edwards (1981–83) Donald P. Hodel (1983–85) John S. Herrington (1985–89)

Secretary of Education	Terrel H. Bell (1981–85) William J. Bennett (1985–88) Lauro F. Cavazos (1988–89)

Cabinet-level

Vice President	George H. W. Bush (1981–89)

White House Chief of Staff	James A. Baker (1981–85) Donald T. Regan (1985–87) Howard H. Baker Jr. (1987–88) Kenneth M. Duberstein (1988–89)

Director of the Office of Management and Budget	David Stockman (1981–85) James C. Miller III (1985–88) Joseph R. Wright Jr. (1988–89)

Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency	Anne M. Gorsuch (1981–83) William D. Ruckelshaus (1983–85) Lee M. Thomas (1985–89)

Director of Central Intelligence	William J. Casey (1981–87) William H. Webster (1987–89)

Ambassador to the United Nations	Jeane Kirkpatrick (1981–85) Vernon A. Walters (1985–89)

Trade Representative	William E. Brock III (1981–85) Clayton K. Yeutter (1985–89)

Chairperson of the Council of Economic Advisers	Murray L. Weidenbaum (1981–82) Martin S. Feldstein (1982–84) Beryl W. Sprinkel (1985–89)

Directors of Central Intelligence and Central Intelligence Agency

Central Intelligence	Sidney Souers Hoyt Vandenberg Roscoe H. Hillenkoetter W. Bedell Smith Allen W. Dulles John A. McCone William Raborn Richard Helms James R. Schlesinger William Colby George H. W. Bush Stansfield Turner William J. Casey William H. Webster Robert Gates R. James Woolsey, Jr. John M. Deutch George Tenet

Central Intelligence Agency	Porter J. Goss Michael Hayden Leon Panetta David Petraeus John O. Brennan

Chairmen of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission

Kennedy Landis Douglas Frank Eicher Purcell Caffrey Hanrahan McDonald D. Cook Demmler Armstrong Gadsby Cary Cohen Budge Casey B. Cook Garrett Hills Williams Shad Ruder Breeden Levitt Pitt Donaldson Cox Schapiro Walter White

Cold War

USA USSR ANZUS NATO Non-Aligned Movement SEATO Warsaw Pact

1940s	Hukbalahap Rebellion Dekemvriana Yalta Conference Operation Unthinkable Potsdam Conference Gouzenko Affair Operation Masterdom Operation Beleaguer Operation Blacklist Forty Iran crisis of 1946 Greek Civil War Corfu Channel incident Turkish Straits crisis Restatement of Policy on Germany First Indochina War Truman Doctrine Asian Relations Conference Marshall Plan 1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état Tito–Stalin Split Berlin Blockade Western betrayal Iron Curtain Eastern Bloc Western Bloc Chinese Civil War (Second round) Malayan Emergency

1950s	Bamboo Curtain Korean War 1953 Iranian coup d'état Uprising of 1953 in East Germany 1954 Guatemalan coup d'état Partition of Vietnam First Taiwan Strait Crisis Geneva Summit (1955) Poznań 1956 protests Hungarian Revolution of 1956 Suez Crisis Syrian Crisis of 1957 Sputnik crisis Second Taiwan Strait Crisis Cuban Revolution Kitchen Debate Bandung Conference Bricker Amendment McCarthyism Operation Gladio Iraqi July Revolution "We will bury you"

1960s	Congo Crisis Sino-Soviet split 1960 U-2 incident Bay of Pigs Invasion 1960 Turkish coup d'état Soviet–Albanian split Berlin Wall Portuguese Colonial War (Angolan War of Independence Guinea-Bissau War of Independence Mozambican War of Independence) Cuban Missile Crisis Sino-Indian War Sarawak Communist Insurgency Iraqi Ramadan Revolution 1963 Syrian coup d'état Vietnam War 1964 Brazilian coup d'état United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1965–66) South African Border War Transition to the New Order Domino theory ASEAN Declaration Laotian Civil War 1966 Syrian coup d'état Argentine Revolution Korean DMZ Conflict Greek military junta of 1967–74 USS Pueblo incident Six-Day War War of Attrition Cultural Revolution Prague Spring Malaysia Communist Insurgency War Invasion of Czechoslovakia Iraqi Ba'athist Revolution Goulash Communism Sino-Soviet border conflict CPP-NPA-NDF rebellion Corrective Move

1970s	Détente Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Black September in Jordan Corrective Movement (Syria) Cambodian Civil War Realpolitik Ping-pong diplomacy 1971 Turkish military memorandum Corrective Revolution (Egypt) Four Power Agreement on Berlin Bangladesh Liberation War 1972 Nixon visit to China 1973 Chilean coup d'état Yom Kippur War Carnation Revolution Strategic Arms Limitation Talks Rhodesian Bush War Angolan Civil War Mozambican Civil War Ogaden War Ethiopian Civil War Lebanese Civil War Sino-Albanian split Cambodian–Vietnamese War Sino-Vietnamese War Iranian Revolution Operation Condor Dirty War Korean Air Lines Flight 902 Seven Days to the River Rhine Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union

1980s	Soviet–Afghan War 1980 and 1984 Summer Olympics boycotts 1980 Turkish coup d'état 1986 Black Sea incident 1988 Black Sea bumping incident Solidarity Soviet reaction Contras Central American crisis RYAN Korean Air Lines Flight 007 Able Archer 83 Star Wars Invasion of Grenada People Power Revolution Nagorno-Karabakh War Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall Revolutions of 1989 Glasnost Perestroika

1990s	Mongolian Revolution of 1990 Breakup of Yugoslavia Dissolution of the Soviet Union Dissolution of Czechoslovakia

Frozen conflicts	Abkhazia China Korea Nagorno-Karabakh South Ossetia Transnistria Sino-Indian border dispute

Foreign policy	Truman Doctrine Marshall Plan Containment Eisenhower Doctrine Domino theory Hallstein Doctrine Kennedy Doctrine Peaceful coexistence Ostpolitik Johnson Doctrine Brezhnev Doctrine Nixon Doctrine Ulbricht Doctrine Carter Doctrine Reagan Doctrine Rollback Sovereignty of Puerto Rico during the Cold War

Ideologies	Capitalism Chicago school Keynesianism Monetarism Neoclassical economics Reaganomics Supply-side economics Thatcherism Communism Marxism–Leninism Castroism Eurocommunism Guevarism Hoxhaism Juche Maoism Naxalism Stalinism Titoism Liberal democracy Social democracy

Organizations	ASEAN CIA Comecon EEC KGB Non-Aligned Movement SAARC Safari Club MI6 Stasi

Propaganda	Active measures Izvestia Pravda Crusade for Freedom Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty Red Scare TASS Voice of America Voice of Russia

Races	Arms race Nuclear arms race Space Race

See also	Brinkmanship NATO–Russia relations Soviet espionage in U.S. Russian espionage in U.S. American espionage in the Soviet Union Soviet Union–United States relations US–Soviet summits

Category Portal Timeline List of conflicts

Authority control	WorldCat VIAF: 79401729 LCCN: n79068472 ISNI: 0000 0001 0992 2325 GND: 118870637 SUDOC: 030519705 BNF: cb121917897 (data)

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