William Alexander Parsons Martin

W. A. P. Martin

Portrait of Martin (published 1901)
Born April 10, 1827
Livonia, Indiana, United States
Died December 17, 1916
Beijing, China

William Alexander Parsons Martin (April 10, 1827 – December 17, 1916), also known as Ding Weiliang[1] (丁韙良), was an American Presbyterian missionary to China and translator, famous for having translated a number of important Western treatises into Chinese, such as Henry Wheaton's Elements of International Law.

Biography

Martin was born in Livonia, Indiana.[2] He graduated from Indiana University in 1846, known at that time as Indiana College, and then studied theology at the Presbyterian seminary, New Albany, Indiana.[3] In 1850 Martin arrived in Ningbo, Zhejiang, China, where he worked for the next ten years.

Martin served as interpreter for the United States minister William B. Reed, in negotiating the treaty of Treaty of Tientsin in 1858 with China, and in 1859 traveled with his successor, John Elliot Ward, to Beijing and to Edo, Japan.

From 1863 till 1868, he worked at Beijing, often as official interpreter for the American Minister to China, Anson Burlingame. He was reputed to be the first foreigner to make the journey from Beijing to Shanghai on the Grand Canal of China, and described the trip in the "Journal of the Asiatic Society" (1866). In 1869, Martin became president of the Tongwenguan in Beijing until 1895, and a professor of international law.[4] He acted as an adviser of Chinese officials on questions of international law when disputes arose with European powers, notably during the conflict with France in 1884–1885. In the same year he was made a mandarin of the third class.

Martin received the degree of D.D. from Lafayette College in 1860, and that of LL. D. from the University of the city of New York in 1870.

Published works

Above: Martin with his students. Below: With the faculty of the Chinese Imperial University, the predecessor of Peking University.

Dr. Martin edited the Peking Scientific Magazine, printed in Chinese, from 1875 till 1878, and also published in the Chinese language:

Dr. Martin also contributed to American and English reviews and to the transactions of learned societies, and published in English:

Archival collections

The Presbyterian Historical Society in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, has a collection of William Alexander Parsons Martin' original manuscripts.

References

  1. ↑ Lydia H. Liu, The Clash of Empires: The invention of China in modern world making, Harvard University Press, 2004, pp. 113-139
  2. ↑ "William Alexander Parsons Martin (1827-1916)". Groupe d'Etude et de Recherche en Acupuncture. Retrieved October 4, 2012.
  3. ↑ "William Alexander Parsons Martin". Biographical Directory of Chinese Christianity. Retrieved October 4, 2012.
  4. ↑ "William Alexander Parsons Martin and China (China and the World: from the 16th to the 19th Centuries) (Chinese Edition)". [Kindle Edition]. Retrieved October 4, 2012.

Further reading

External links

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