Where Are My Children?

Where Are My Children?
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Directed by	Phillips Smalley (uncredited) Lois Weber (uncredited)
Produced by	Phillips Smalley Lois Weber
Written by	Lucy Payton (story) Franklin Hall (story) Lois Weber Phillips Smalley
Starring	Tyrone Power, Sr. A.D. Blake Marjorie Blynn Juan de la Cruz
Cinematography	Stephen S. Norton (uncredited) Allen G. Siegler (uncredited)
Distributed by	Universal Film Manufacturing Company
Release dates	April 16, 1916 (1916-04-16)
Running time	62 minutes
Country	United States
Language	Silent film English intertitles

Where Are My Children? is a 1916 film in which a district attorney, while prosecuting a doctor for illegal abortions, finds out that society people, including his wife, used the doctor's services. It stars Tyrone Power, Sr., Juan de la Cruz, Helen Riaume, William Haben and C. Norman Hammond.

Plot

Richard Walton, a district attorney, is presented with an obscenity case: A medical practitioner has been arrested for distributing 'indecent' birth control literature. On the stand, he makes a case for his thesis that breeding and financial planning are integral to raising healthy and happy families, and that sex education and contraception information should be available to prospective parents.

Meanwhile, Walton's wife has been keeping a secret from him for many years: She has been seeing a doctor, one Herman Malfit, who performs abortions so that her busy social life will not be interrupted by the inconvenience of pregnancy. She suggests it as an option for her friend Mrs. William Carlo, who is with child. Mrs. Carlo has the abortion.

The Waltons receive two new guests in their house almost simultaneously: Mrs. Walton's ne'er-do-well younger brother, and the maid's young daughter, Lillian. Smitten by the brother's advances, the maid's daughter is seduced and soon finds herself pregnant. She is taken to Dr. Malfit and then abandoned by the boy after the operation goes wrong. Making her way back to the Walton mansion, she collapses and dies from the botched abortion.

Following Malfit's arrest and trial, Walton examines the doctor's ledgers and realized that his wife and many of her friends are listed as having received 'personal services.' He returns home, furious, to find them lunching at his home. He banishes his wife's friends, saying 'I should bring you to trial for manslaughter!' and confronts his wife, who is overcome with remorse. As the years pass, the couple must contend with a lonely, childless life, full of longing for the family they might have had.

Themes

The film was inspired by the obscenity case of Margaret Sanger in New York. Co-writer/director Lois Weber was an ardent admirer of Sanger's efforts, and this film stands as one of the best surviving examples of Weber's social problem films.

Eugenics and family planning are discussed didactically in the film, and examples of desirable or undesirable children (the results of good or bad breeding respectively) are shown.

While the film presents an argument for birth control, it takes a firm stance against abortion, portraying the wealthy women as partaking in abortions on a whim when pregnancy threatens to interfere with their social lives. According to some critics, the film also portrays abortion inaccurately, suggesting that it is inherently harmful to patients both physically and mentally. At the time Weber made the film, 'back alley' and 'illegal' abortions were prevalent and quite often resulted in destroying women's ability to have future children. It is left somewhat unclear at the film's end as to whether Mrs. Walton can no longer have children because her body is damaged by a long-term overindulgence in abortions, or simply because she has passed the age of childbearing.

Production

The film was written by Lucy Payton, Franklin Hall, Lois Weber and Phillips Smalley. No director is credited. Future star Mary MacLaren made her debut in this film playing the Walton's younger maid. Shooting took place in the Los Angeles area, and at the Universal studio facilities in Hollywood. The Waltons are played by Tyrone Power, Sr. and Helen Riaume, who at the time were real life husband and wife. Anne Power, their daughter, has a small role.

The film makes use of several trick photography scenes, with an emphasis on multiple exposures to convey information or emotions visually. This is so particularly in the final scene of the film. As a recurring motif, every time a character becomes pregnant, a child's face is double exposed over their shoulder.

Where Are My Children also had an unofficial sequel, a film called Hand that Rocks the Cradle, also made by Weber and Smalley, in which Weber plays a principal role.

Reception

The film was widely viewed in the U.S. and made Lois Weber popular. It did well in New York City and in Manhattan, after the film was allowed to be exhibited after a court case was dismissed. In Atlantic City, the film played to packed houses. Critics praised the film for its delicate handling of sensitive subject matter and attention to detail and dramatic qualities. However, in Pennsylvania, the film was banned, even after several edited submissions to the censors. They felt that it was filth and no amount of editing could make the film fit for decent people to see.^[1]

Preservation

In 1993, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". A 2000 DVD release featured a reconstructed piano score written and performed by Martin Marks. A 2007 DVD release featured full orchestration of the Marks score, as arranged by Allen Feinstein.

References

External links

• Where Are My Children? at the National Film Preservation Foundation
• Where Are My Children? at the Internet Movie Database
• Where Are My Children? at AllMovie
• Where Are My Children? at UCLA Film and Television Archive (May 2012)
• Where Are My Children?(YouTube)