Waste Management (corporation)

Waste Management, Inc.
Public
Traded as NYSE: WM
S&P 500 Component
Industry Waste management
Founded 1971 (1971)[1]
Founder Wayne Huizenga & Dean Buntrock
Headquarters First City Tower
Houston, Texas, United States
Area served
 North America
Key people
 David P. Steiner, CEO
James C. Fish, CFO
Products Bagster, PACK-RAT
Services Waste, recyclables, yard debris, and hazardous materials collection, hauling, treatment and disposal
Dumpster rental
Portable toilet rental
Security services
Revenue Increase US$14 billion (2015)[2]
Increase US$2.116 billion (2013)[2]
Increase US$953 million (2013)[2]
Total assets Increase US$21.41 billion (2015)[2]
Total equity Increase US$6.591 billion (2013)[2]
Number of employees
 39,800 (2015)[3]
Subsidiaries Wheelabrator Technologies, Inc.
Website www.wm.com
First City Tower, which has the headquarters of Waste Management
A Waste Management trash collection truck in Toronto, Ontario.
Video clip of Waste Management trash removal operation, Ypsilanti Twp., MI
A Waste Management rolloff container in Durham, North Carolina.

Waste Management, Inc. is a waste management, comprehensive waste, and environmental services company in North America. Founded in 1971, the company is headquartered in the First City Tower in Houston, Texas.[4]

The company's network includes 367 collection operations, 346 transfer stations, 293 active landfill disposal sites, 16 waste-to-energy plants, 146 recycling plants, 111 beneficial-use landfill gas projects and six independent power production plants. Waste Management offers environmental services to nearly 27 million residential, industrial, municipal and commercial customers in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico. With 26,000 collection and transfer vehicles, the company has the largest trucking fleet in the waste industry. Together with its competitor Republic Services, Inc, the two handle more than half of all garbage collection in the United States.[5]

History

In 1971, Harm Huizenga, a Dutch immigrant, began hauling garbage at $1.25/wagon in Chicago. In 1968, Wayne Huizenga, Dean Buntrock, and Larry Beck founded Waste Management, Inc. and began aggressively purchasing many of the smaller garbage collection services across the country, as the descendant firm of Harm Huizenga. In 1971, Waste Management went public, and by 1972, the company had made 133 acquisitions with $82M in revenue. It had 60,000 commercial and industrial accounts and 600,000 residential customers in 19 states and the provinces of Ontario and Quebec. In the 1980s, Waste Management acquired Service Corporation of America (SCA) to become the largest waste hauler in the country.

Between the years of 1992 and 1997, the executive officers of Waste Management, Inc. began "cooking" the accounting books by refusing to record expenses necessary to write off the costs of unsuccessful and abandoned landfill development projects; establishing inflated environmental reserves (liabilities) in connection with acquisitions so that the excess reserves could be used to avoid recording unrelated operating expenses, improperly capitalizing a variety of expenses; failing to establish sufficient reserves (liabilities) to pay for income taxes and other expenses; avoiding depreciation expenses on their garbage trucks by both assigning unsupported and inflating salvage values and extending their useful lives; assigned arbitrary salvage values to other assets that previously had no salvage value; failed to record expenses for decreases in the value of landfills as they were filled with waste, used netting to eliminate approximately $490 million in current period operating expenses and accumulated prior period accounting misstatements by offsetting them against unrelated one-time gains on the sale or exchange of assets; and used geography entries to move tens of millions of dollars between various line items on the Company's income statement.[6] Officers were accused of making "the financials look the way we want to show them." The top officers settled with the federal government for $30.8 million in 2005, without admitting guilt.[7]

In 1993, Waste Management, Inc. changes to WMX Technologies, Inc. As a universal symbol of the other services they provided other than solid waste removal, recycling, and disposal.

When a new CEO took charge of the company in 1997, he ordered a review of the company's accounting practices in 1997. In 1998 Waste Management restated its 1992-1997 earnings by $1.7 billion, making it the largest restatement in history.

In 1998, in a pivotal development point, Waste Management merged with USA Waste Services, Inc. USA Waste Services CEO John E, Drury retained the chairman, and CEO position of the combined company. Waste Management, then relocates its headquarters from Chicago to Houston. The merged company retained the Waste Management brand. John Drury in late 1999 steps down as chairman due to brain surgery. Rodney R. Proto, then takes the position as chairman, and CEO. However, that year also brought trouble for the newly expanded company, in the form of an accounting scandal.

In November 1999, turn-around CE was brought in to help Waste Management recover. The company has since implemented new technologies, safety standards, and operational practices, and is on a steady upward climb.[8]

On July 14, 2008, Waste Management offered a $34 per share bid to acquire arch-competitor Republic Services, Inc.[9][10] On August 11, 2008, the bid was raised to $37 per share. On August 15, 2008, Republic Services, Inc. denied Waste Management's bid for a second time. On October 13, 2008, Waste Management withdrew its bid for Republic Services, citing financial market turmoil.[11]

In January 2009, a global economic crisis forced Waste Management to aggressively reduce and restructure its corporate workforce.

On February 7, 2010, CBS debuted a new TV series called Undercover Boss after the Super Bowl. Waste Management COO Lawrence O'Donnell III participated in this first episode and got a chance to see up close the inner workings of the company he helped run. O'Donnell left Waste Management on July 1, 2010.[12]

Waste Management also sponsored the #14 car of Sterling Marlin in 2006 until 2007 in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series.

USA Waste Services Inc

In 1987, USA Waste was founded in Oklahoma by Don Moorehead and moved the headquarters to Dallas, Texas, after buying out local haulers. After John Drury, CEO of BFI, got in a dispute with William Ruckelshaus, Drury left. He later became a part of USA Waste Services. He acquired Mid-American Waste Systems with co-founder George Moorehead; that boosted USA Waste. In 1994, USA Waste acquired TransAmerican Waste Industries from Tom J. Fatjo, former CEO and founder of BFI. In 1995 USA Waste acquired Sanifill, and Rodney Proto then become COO of USA Waste Services. USA Waste Services, Inc., moved into Sanifill's headquarters in Houston, Texas. Later in 1995, USA Waste acquired the assets of Allied Waste Industries, Inc. in Canada, after the Laidlaw acquisition. In 1996 USA Waste Services acquired Kosti Shirvanian hauler Western Waste Industries, which put USA Waste right behind number 1 hauler WMX Technologies, Inc., and number 2 Browning-Ferris Industries, Inc. Kosti now served on USA Waste's board of directors. Early in 1997, USA Waste acquired both BFI's and WMX's Canadian assets. In mid-1997, USA Waste acquired Bradley S. Jacobs's hauler United Waste Systems. Jacobs sold to USA Waste and did not become a part of USA Waste. In 1998, USA Waste acquired City Management Corp. in MI. Later in 1998, John Drury and USA Waste Services, Inc., and hauler WMX Technologies, Inc. merged. John Drury took the CEO position. John Drury retired the name USA Waste and kept the name Waste Management, Inc., after the merger. Drury then retired the WMX ''Buntrock Burgundy'' to USA Waste's gold and green. The logo is also a mere image to USA Waste's ''U'' logo. In April 2000. Drury died. Rodney Proto then took over CEO of the new Waste Management. He was then fired by the executives. Then, Larry O'Donnell, a former USA Waste executive, took over as Chief Operating Officer.

Corporate structure and leadership

Waste Management is structured into the following units:

Current members of the board of directors of Waste Management are: John C. "Jack" Pope, David P. Steiner, Dr. Pastora San Juan Cafferty, Frank M. Clark, Jr., Pat Gross, Thomas I. Morgan, W. Robert Reum, and Steven G. Rothmeier.

David P. Steiner is also the chief executive officer of the company (since 2004), succeeding A. Maurice Myers.

Subsidiaries

Recycling

Waste Management currently manages the recycling of more than 8.5 million tons of materials, including metal, plastic, glass, electronics and paper at 128 facilities.

One service provided by Waste Management, single-stream recycling, allows recyclable materials to be comingled, rather than separated by the customer and handled separately by the collection provider. The company currently operates 30 single-stream recycling facilities throughout North America. Because the single-stream recycling process eliminates the need for customers to separate items before they are collected, it usually leads to higher recycling participation rates in local communities.[13]

Electronics recycling, or ecycling, is another focus for Waste Management. This refers to the proper disposal of electronic items like televisions, computers, microwave ovens, cellular phones, VCRs and DVDs and other such products. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) encourages consumers to reuse and recycle these valuable products to keep them out of the waste stream.[14] With this in mind, Waste Management has partnered with several companies, like LG Electronics, to recycle electronics for reprocessing.[15]

The company operates approximately 150 e-cycling centers throughout the country through its subsidiary, WM Recycle America.[16] It January 2010, the company announced that WM Recycle America was implementing the Responsible Recycling (R2) Program for electronics recyclers, which establishes accepted practices to help protect the environment and workers’ health and safety while e-waste is handled.[17] In addition these practices allow third parties to monitor activity and create greater transparency in the e-cycling sector.

Waste Management has also invested in new methods and technologies for reusing and recycling non-traditional materials, such as organic waste and construction debris. In 2010, Waste Management announced two strategic investments to advance recycling technologies in North America:

In June 2009, Waste Management signed an agreement with BigBelly Solar to be the sole waste company distributor of BigBelly’s technology in North America.[22] BigBelly compactors are self-powered by built-in solar panels and are capable of holding 180 gallons of waste.[22] The compactors decrease the need for trash pickup by 80 percent, which reduces production costs, fuel use, and greenhouse gas emissions.[22]

Waste Management Solar Compactors became a staple at the Waste Management Phoenix Open; the company replaced FBR as the title sponsor of this PGA TOUR tournament in December 2009.[23] As title sponsor, Waste Management introduced a variety of technologies to make the Phoenix Open one of the most eco-friendly tournaments on the PGA TOUR.[24] Waste Management has been working with other sports and music venues across the nation to increase recycling among patrons. It teamed up with Live Nation to forward the Recycling Rocks! campaign across the U.S.[25]

Additionally, through its subsidiaries GreenOps, LLC and Greenopolis, Waste Management partnered with PepsiCo to develop the Dream Machine recycling initiative to increase beverage container recycling throughout the U.S.[26] Dream Machine kiosks are computerized recycling receptacles that include a personal reward system that allows users to accumulate and redeem points for every item they recycle at www.greenopolis.com.

Renewable Energy

Wheelabrator waste-to-energy plant in Saugus, Massachusetts

Waste Management owns and operates sixteen waste-to-energy facilities and five independent power-production facilities, which specialize in collecting municipal solid waste and transforming it into renewable electric power.[27]

Waste Management is also involved in landfill gas utilization, including landfill-gas-to-energy (LFGTE) production. The company has over 115 LFTGE facilities, and plans to add another 60 facilities by 2012.[28] LFGTE facilities collect methane and carbon dioxide gases emitted during the natural anaerobic decomposition of organic waste in the landfill. These gases are then used to fuel engines or turbines that generate electricity to power surrounding areas.

In August 2009, Waste Management announced that it would join Valero Energy Corporation as a strategic investor in Terrabon L.L.C.’s waste-to-fuel conversion technology.[29][30] Waste Management will also assist Terrabon in securing organic waste streams. Terrabon specializes in refining municipal solid wastes and sewage sludge into non-hazardous organic salts. The organic salts are then sent to Valero where it can be converted into gasoline, diesel or jet fuel.

Around this same time, Waste Management launched a joint venture with Oregon-based company InEnTec to form S4 Energy Solutions.[31][32][33] S4 uses a process called plasma gasification (also known as plasma arc waste disposal) to heat waste materials until they break down to produce a synthesis gas, or syngas. The syngas can be converted into transportation fuels, such as ethanol or diesel, or can be used as a substitute for natural-gas heating and electricity.

In February 2010, Waste Management announced a strategic investment agreement with Enerkem Inc., a Canadian-based company that specializes in converting waste materials that are most often landfilled, such as carbon-based feedstock, municipal solid waste, construction and demolition wood and agricultural and forest residues, into biofuels like ethanol.[34][35] The investment signifies Waste Management’s continued efforts to invest in upcoming green technologies and to double its renewable energy production.

International

In 2009, Waste Management purchased a 40-percent stake in Shanghai Environment Group Co Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Shanghai Chengtou Holding Co Ltd.[36] SEG sought Waste Management’s investment in order to benefit from Waste Management’s experience in the waste disposal field, as well as improve their technology for waste disposal.[37]

Corporate issues

Anti-trust allegations

In 1987, the US government accused Waste Management of violating antitrust laws by colluding with other waste haulers to allocate customers in two Florida counties.[38]

Accounting improprieties

Revelations of irregular accounting led to a major drop in stock price and to the replacement of top executives after a new CEO ordered a review of the company's accounting practices in 1998. The company had augmented the depreciation time length for their property, plant, and equipment, artificially inflating the company's after-tax profits by US$1.7 billion. On July 8, 1999, a class action lawsuit was filed against WMI and its certains officers for issuing false statements. Waste Management paid US$457 million to settle a shareholder class-action suit in 2003. The SEC fined Waste Management's independent auditor, Arthur Andersen, US$7 million for its role.[39][40]

ERP software implementation failure

In 2005, Waste Management entered into a Software Licensing Agreement (SLA) with SAP AG. Under the agreement, SAP and its wholly owned subsidiary, Tomorrow Now, were to implement SAP's Enterprise Resource Planning software. The implementation began when an 8 months pilot program was established in Waste Management's New Mexico market area, the market-share area at the time. This initial implementation was to be followed in two months with a company-wide implementation from Waste Management's headquarters in Houston, Texas.[41]

In December, 2007, Waste Management ended their ERP implementation effort. Waste Management characterized the ERP implementation as non-functional. An SAP sponsored "Solution Review" determined that a customized ERP, based upon an updated SAP ERP, would need to be made in order to accommodate a company-wide implementation.

Waste Management sued SAP for the US$100 million to recover the funds it had spent on the failed ERP implementation.[42] In the lawsuit, Waste Management accused SAP of fraud and deception. SAP countered that Waste Management failed to present knowledgeable workers and accurate business models and failed to migrate data from legacy systems. The suit concluded in 2010 under confidential terms and a one time payment from SAP to Waste Management disclosed to the SEC.[43]

Labor relations

In 2007, Waste Management locked out Teamsters at its largest hauling operation in Alameda County, CA. The lockout lasted a little less than a month and put 900 members of the Teamsters, ILWU, and Machinists Union on picket lines and raised concerns over sanitary impact on the affected communities.[44] The lockout was stopped when affected communities started legal actions against Waste Management. According to Waste Management officials, the company worked over the past three months to negotiate an agreement fair to both Waste Management and the union. The union did not want to negotiate over the company's proposals and refused to offer their own proposal unless Waste Management agreed to withdraw all proposals from the table.[45] Oakland's City Council reached a settlement with Waste Management over the dispute in March, 2008. The company rebated more than $3 million to customers and Oakland customers will receive additional services over the next five years.[46]

Environmental record

Waste Management's operations consist of environmental protection, groundwater protection, environmental engineering, and air and gas management. Waste Management currently operates ten full-scale waste treatment landfill projects in the U.S. and Canada. As a member of the Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX), Waste Management made a commitment during the pilot phase to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by four percent below the average of its 1998–2001 baseline by 2006.[47] They have also replaced nearly 500 diesel-fueled trucks with vehicles that run on 100 percent natural gas. These new garbage and recycling trucks comprise one of the nation’s largest fleets of heavy-duty trucks powered exclusively by natural gas.[48]

In November 2009, at Waste Management's Altamont Landfill, a new plant began producing 13,000 gallons a day of clean-burning LNG fuel from methane gas from the landfill that had fueled an electric power plant since 1969. Waste Management has said that the plant, announced in April 2008, and built and operated by The Linde Group with state funding, is the world’s largest facility to convert landfill gas into vehicle fuel.[49] [50][51]

Waste Management works with environmental groups in the U.S. to set aside land to create and manage wetlands and wildlife habitats. The company’s landfills currently provide approximately 21,000 acres (85 km2) of protected land for wildlife; 73 landfills are certified[52] by the Wildlife Habitat Council.

In May 2011, Waste Management's Wheelabrator division agreed to pay a record $7.5 million settlement with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts for a host of environmental violations at its plants in North Andover, Saugus, and Millbury, Massachusetts. The settlement was announced on May 2, 2011 by the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection and Attorney General Martha Coakley's office.[53]

Marketing

The current slogan is “From everyday collection, to environmental protection, think green. Think Waste Management.“ They also are featured in a Walt Disney World Epcot attraction, Innoventions.

Waste Management has also tried to soften its impact on communities through public relations, such as its 2011 renaming of Mount Trashmore in northern Broward County, Florida, from the "North Broward County Resource Recovery and Central Disposal Sanitary Landfill" to the "Monarch Hill Renewable Energy Park."[54]

Television

In February 2010, Waste Management was the first company featured on CBS television series Undercover Boss. Chief Operating Officer Lawrence (Larry) O'Donnell, III learned of many policies he introduced but wished to change to improve the working environment of his employees. In one example, route supervisors sometimes observe garbage collecting to monitor quality, productivity and adherence to safety rules. Some garbage collectors perceived this as spying, a characterization that disturbed O'Donnell. In another example, O'Donnell chose to end the practice of deduction of pay for time clock rules violations during the lunch hour.

O'Donnell personally intervened in the career of an administrative assistant he met while filming the series. The administrative assistant had put her family's house up for sale due to lack of sufficient income despite working two jobs. O'Donnell promoted the employee to a supervisor position, which included a higher rate of pay and bonus eligibility, thus allowing her to keep the house.

Product placement

The Waste Management brand is featured in several recent films. Waste Management vehicles and equipment are featured prominently in several scenes in Transformers: Dark of the Moon. In the film, one character transforms from a robot into a Waste Management collection vehicle. A Waste Management branded roll-off box can be seen in the background of a scene in the 2009 film Paul Blart: Mall Cop and a character dressed as a Waste Management employee appears in the film, The Spy Next Door. A Isuzu Giga truck owned by Waste Management that transforms into three Junkheaps appears in Transformers: Age of Extinction.

Restatement

On November 14, 1997, the company reclassified or adjusted certain items in its financial statements for 1996 and the first nine months of 1997.[55]

On August 3, 1999, the company would have to restate first-quarter results downward, partly because of changes in the value of landfills and other assets in connection with its acquisition last year of Wheelabrator Technologies Inc.[56]

Geological Reclamation Operations and Waste Systems (GROWS)

Geological Reclamation Operations and Waste Systems (GROWS) is a landfill that is part of a 6,000-acre garbage treatment complex operated by Waste Management Inc.[57] It is located outside of Morrisville, Pennsylvania in the Delaware River Valley.[57] “As of 2002, GROWS was the single largest recipient of New York’s garbage in Pennsylvania”.[57] It’s considered a megafill, which is due to the large amount of garbage it can accommodate because of its size.[58] The garbage center is surrounded by 35-foot tall fencing with netting to catch debris, with constant patrol of “paper pickers” that retrieve any trash carried away by the wind. Small misting machines surround the landfill on the tops of elevated places dispersing a chemical-water mixture that pulls the odor molecules to the ground. Garbage trucks bring their loads of trash to the base of GROWS, where a landfill compactor crushes the trash into the earth in “cells”, which can range from 10-100 acres across and can be up to hundreds of feet tall. These cells are but upon liners, which prevent the waste from leaching into the groundwater through precipitation. A track loader machine pushes any remaining trash into the path of the compactor where it’s also crushed into the “cells”.[57]

Notes

  1. ↑ "For Income Investors: Waste Management". The Online Investor. Retrieved October 16, 2011.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Annual Report 2013". Waste Management Inc.
  3. ↑ Waste Management, Inc. 2010 Form 10-K
  4. ↑ "Contact Us." Waste Management, Inc. Retrieved on January 14, 2009.
  5. ↑ Aseltine, McRea, Modi, Shukla, and Sullivan. A Strategic Case Analysis: Waste Management Inc. Spring 2006. 3.6.3. Summary of Competitive Analysis. "The three largest national companies, Waste Management, Allied Waste and Republic Services together handle more than half the solid waste generated in the United States today." [and Allied and Republic have since merged]
  6. ↑ Litigation against company
  7. ↑ Settlement with government
  8. ↑ Greer, Jim (2004-01-30). "Turnaround ace pulls WMI out of the dumps - Houston Business Journal". Houston.bizjournals.com. Retrieved 2010-07-10.
  9. ↑ Waste Management: Trashing a Merger? - Bloomberg Business
  10. ↑
  11. ↑
  12. ↑ Rodriguez, Salvador (2010-06-02). "Waste Management's O'Donnell to leave company". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved 2011-06-03.
  13. ↑ "Single-stream system lifts recycling 39 percent in Stamford". Stamford Advocate. Retrieved 2010-07-26.
  14. ↑ "Reusing and Donating Electronics". Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved 2010-08-20.
  15. ↑ "BRIEF: eCycling at State Fair Park". TMCnet.com. Retrieved 2010-08-18.
  16. ↑ "LG and Waste Management To e-Cycle LG Gear for Free". Earth2Tech. Retrieved 2008-08-05.
  17. ↑ "Responsible Recycling (R2) Practices for Use in Accredited Certification Programs". Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved 2010-08-20.
  18. ↑ "Waste Management invests in Harvest Power". Biomass Magazine. Retrieved 2010-01-25.
  19. ↑ "HarvestPower.com". HarvestPower.com. Retrieved 2010-08-20.
  20. ↑ "Waste Management invests in MicroGREEN". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved 2010-05-19.
  21. ↑ "MicroGreenInc.com". MicroGreenInc. Retrieved 2010-08-20.
  22. 1 2 3 "Waste Management to distribute BigBelly solar-powered compactors". Houston Business Journal. 2009-06-12. Retrieved 2009-06-12.
  23. ↑ "Waste Management is new title sponsor of Phoenix Open". Arizona Central. Retrieved 2009-12-09.
  24. ↑ "Waste Management Phoenix Open". WasteManagementPhoenixOpen.com. Retrieved 2010-08-20.
  25. ↑ "Recycling Rocks". recyclingrocks.com. Retrieved 2010-08-20.
  26. ↑ "PepsiCo and Waste Management partner for on-the-go recycling". American Recycler. Retrieved 2010-06-01.
  27. ↑ "Wheelabrator". Wheelabrator.com. Retrieved 2010-08-20.
  28. ↑ "Waste Management LFGTE Facility at Superior Landfill Savannah, GA". MSW Management. Retrieved 2010-05-26.
  29. ↑ "Waste Management invests in waste-to-fuel conversion technology". Washington Examiner. Retrieved 2009-08-26.
  30. ↑ "Terrabon". Terrabon.com. Retrieved 2010-08-20.
  31. ↑ "Waste Management to Add Landfill Plasma Gasification Unit". Environmental Leader. Retrieved 2010-03-08.
  32. ↑ "InEnTec". InEnTec.com. Retrieved 2010-08-20.
  33. ↑ "S4 Energy Solutions". s4energysolutions.com. Retrieved 2010-08-20.
  34. ↑ "Waste Management & Enerkem Announce Strategic Investment". RenewableEnergyWorld.com. Retrieved 2010-03-25.
  35. ↑ "Enerkem". enerkem.com. Retrieved 2010-08-20.
  36. ↑ "Waste Management Buys 40 Percent of Shanghai Environment Group". Waste Age. Retrieved 2009-08-06.
  37. ↑ "US waste manager nets 40% in SEG". China Daily. Retrieved 2009-08-06.
  38. ↑ New York Times (1987-09-26). "Waste Hauling Antitrust Case". The New York Times. Retrieved 2007-06-07.
  39. ↑ PBS. "Waste Management: System Breakdown". Retrieved 2007-06-07.
  40. ↑ CNN (2001-11-07). "Waste Management settles suit". Retrieved 2007-06-03.
  41. ↑ Harris County, Texas. "Plantif's Original Petition" (PDF). Retrieved 2011-09-19.
  42. ↑ CIO. "10 Famous ERP Disasters, Dustups and Disappointments". Retrieved 2011-09-19.
  43. ↑ ComputerWorld. "SAP, Waste Management settle lawsuit". Retrieved 2011-09-19.
  44. ↑ "Lockout ends as garbage workers OK new contract". San Francisco Chronicle. 2007-07-29. Retrieved 2009-03-26.
  45. ↑ "Waste Management of Alameda County Deploys Temporary Substitute Workers". NASDAQ GlobeNewswire. Retrieved 2009-03-26.
  46. ↑ "City of Oakland Settles Over 2007 Trash Lockout". KCBS. Retrieved 2009-03-26.
  47. ↑ "Waste Management joins Chicago Climate Exchange - Houston Business Journal". Houston.bizjournals.com. 2003-02-21. Retrieved 2010-07-10.
  48. ↑ WM: 2006 Sustainability Report Archived July 28, 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  49. ↑ "Waste Management To Run California Fleet On Landfill Gas • Environmental Leader • Green Business, Sustainable Business, and Green Strategy News for Corporate Sustainability Executives". Environmentalleader.com. 2008-05-01. Retrieved 2010-07-10.
  50. ↑ "Trash to gas: Landfill energy projects increasing | 89.3 KPCC". Scpr.org. Retrieved 2010-07-10.
  51. ↑ http://cta.ornl.gov/bedb/biopower/Current_Landfill_Gas_Power_Plants.xls
  52. ↑ Thursday, November 12, 2009 (2009-11-12). "Gloucester County's incinerator lauded for work preserving wildlife habitats". NJ.com. Retrieved 2010-07-10.
  53. ↑ Brian Messenger (May 3, 2011). "Wheelabrator agrees to pay $7.5 million for violations". Lawrence Eagle-Tribune. Retrieved June 22, 2011.
  54. ↑ Nolin, Robert; Wayne K. Roustan (Apr 11, 2011). "Mount Trashmore gets new name". South Florida Sun-Sentinel. Retrieved 2011-04-11.
  55. ↑ "Waste Management, Inc. Announces Financial Statement Revisions and Third Quarter Charge;".
  56. ↑ "Waste Management Hits Reduced Profit Target, May Restate 1st Quarter". Archived February 15, 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  57. 1 2 3 4 Rogers, Heather (2005). Gone Tomorrow: The Hidden Life of Garbage.
  58. ↑ "Landfills" (PDF). Epa.gov. Environmental Protection Agency.

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