Voiceless retroflex stop

Voiceless retroflex stop
ʈ
IPA number 105
Encoding
Entity (decimal) ʈ
Unicode (hex) U+0288
X-SAMPA t`
Kirshenbaum t.
Braille ⠲ (braille pattern dots-256)⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345)
Sound
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The voiceless retroflex stop is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ʈ, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is t`. Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA symbol is formed by adding a rightward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of tee (the letter used for the equivalent alveolar consonant). In many fonts lowercase tee already has a rightward-pointing hook, but ʈ is distinguished from t by extending the hook below the baseline.

Features

Features of the voiceless retroflex stop:

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Translation Notes
Bengali Western dialects টাকা [ʈɒka] 'taka' Contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms. Corresponds to alveolar/palato-alveolar /t/ in Eastern dialects.
Brahui ? [asiʈ] 'one'
Chinese Xiang [ʈen] 'true' Corresponds to /ʈ͡ʂ/ in other dialects.
Wu
English Indian dialects time [ʈaɪm] 'time' Corresponds to alveolar /t/ in other dialects. See English phonology
Hindi[1] टालना [ʈaːl.naː] 'to postpone' Contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms. See Hindi-Urdu phonology
Hmong raus [ʈàu] 'immerse in liquid' Contrasts with aspirated form (written rh).
Iwaidja yirrwartbart [jiɺwɑʈbɑʈ] 'taipan'
Javanesebathang [baʈaŋ] 'cadaver'
Kannada ತಟ್ಟು [tʌʈʈu] 'to tap' Contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms
Malayalam അഠുക [aʈuka] 'to cook' Formal varieties may contrast unaspirated and aspirated forms
Marathi बटाटा [bəʈaːʈaː] 'potato' Contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms. See Marathi phonology
Mutsun ikušte [ʈiʈkuʃtɛ] 'torn'
Norwegian kort [kɔʈː] 'card' See Norwegian phonology
Nunggubuyu[2] [ʈakowa] 'prawn'
Pashto ټول [ʈol] 'all'
Punjabi ਟੋਪੀ[ʈoːpi]'hat'
Sicilian trenu [ˈʈɽɛnu] 'train'
Swedish[3] karta [ˈkʰɑːʈa] 'map' See Swedish phonology
Tamil[4] எட்டு [eʈʈɯ] 'eight' See Tamil phonology
Telugu కొట్టు [koʈʈu] 'beat' Contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms
Torwali[5] ? [ʈijɛl̥] 'words' contrasts aspirated and unaspirated forms
Urdu ٹوپی [ʈoːpiː] 'hat' See Hindi-Urdu phonology
Vietnamese Southern dialects[6] bạn tr [ɓaɳ˧ˀ˨ʔ ʈa˧˩˧] 'you pay' May be somewhat affricated. See Vietnamese phonology
Welayta [ʈaza] 'dew'

See also

References

Bibliography

External links

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Sunday, October 25, 2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.