Voiced bilabial stop

Voiced bilabial stop
b
IPA number 102
Encoding
Entity (decimal) b
Unicode (hex) U+0062
X-SAMPA b
Kirshenbaum b
Braille ⠃ (braille pattern dots-12)
Sound
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The voiced bilabial stop is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨b⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is b. The voiced bilabial stop occurs in English, and it is the sound denoted by the letter ⟨b⟩ in boy. Many Indian languages, such as Hindustani, have a two-way contrast between breathy voiced /bʱ/ and plain /b/.

Features

Features of the voiced bilabial stop:

Varieties

IPA Description
b plain b
bʷ labialised
b̜ʷ semi-labialised
b̹ʷ strongly labialised
bʲ palatalised
bʱ breathy voiced

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Adyghe бгъу  [bʁʷə]  'nine'
Arabic Standard[1] كتب [ˈkatabɐ]'he wrote' See Arabic phonology
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic baba [baːba] 'father'
Armenian Eastern[2] բարի  [bɑˈɾi]  'kind'
Basque bero [beɾo] 'hot'
Catalan[3] bèstia [ˈbɛstiə] 'beast' See Catalan phonology
Chinese Southern Min 閩 [ban] 'another name for Fujian Province' Only in colloquial speech.
Wu 皮 [bi]'Skin'
Xiang 浮 [bau] 'Floating'
Czech bota [ˈbota] 'boot' See Czech phonology
Dutch[4] boer [buːr] 'farmer' See Dutch phonology
English aback [əˈbæk] 'aback' See English phonology
French[5] boue [bu] 'mud' See French phonology
Georgian[6] ბავშვი [ˈbavʃvi]'child'
German Bub [buːp] 'boy' See German phonology
Greek μπόχα/bócha [ˈbo̞xa] 'reek' See Modern Greek phonology
Gujarati બક્રી [bəkri] 'goat' See Gujarati phonology
Hebrew בית [bajit] 'house' See Modern Hebrew phonology
Hindi बाल [bɑːl] 'hair' Contrasts with aspirated version ⟨भ⟩. See Hindi-Urdu phonology
Hungarian baba [ˈbɒbɒ] 'baby' See Hungarian phonology
Italian[7] bile [ˈbile] 'rage' See Italian phonology
Japanese[8] 番/ban [baɴ] '(one's) turn' See Japanese phonology
Kabardian бгъуы  [bʁʷə]  'nine'
Korean 차비/chabi [t͡ɕʰɐbi] 'fare'See Korean phonology
Luxembourgish[9] geblosen [ɡɵ̞ˈbloːzɵ̞n] 'blown' More often voiceless [p].[9] See Luxembourgish phonology
Macedonian убав [ˈubav] 'beautiful' See Macedonian phonology
Malay baru [bäru] 'new'
Maltese għatba [aːtˈba] 'threshold'
Marathi बटाटा [bəˈʈaːʈaː] 'potato' See Marathi phonology
Norwegian bål [ˈbɔːl] 'bonfire' See Norwegian phonology
Pirahã pibaóí [ˈpìbàóí̯]'parent'
Polish[10] bas  [bäs]  'bass' See Polish phonology
Portuguese[11] bato [ˈbatʊ] 'I strike' See Portuguese phonology
Punjabi ਬਿੱਲੀ[bɪlːi]'cat'
Romanian[12] bou [bow] 'bull' See Romanian phonology.
Russian[13] рыба [ˈrɨbə] 'fish' Contrasts with palatalized form. See Russian phonology
Slovak byť [bic] 'to be'
Spanish[14] invertir [ĩmbe̞rˈtir] 'to invest' See Spanish phonology
Swedish bra [ˈbɾɑː] 'good' May be an approximant in casual speech. See Swedish phonology
Turkish bulut [ˈbuɫut̪] 'cloud' See Turkish phonology
Ukrainian брат [ˈbrɑt̪] 'brother' See Ukrainian phonology
Urdu بال [bɑːl] 'hair'Contrasts with aspirated version(بھ). See Hindi-Urdu phonology
West Frisian bak [bak] 'tray'
Yi ꁧ/bbo [bo˧] 'mountain'
Zapotec Tilquiapan[15] bald [bal͡d] 'few'

See also

References

  1. ↑ Thelwall (1990:37)
  2. ↑ Dum-Tragut (2009:13)
  3. ↑ Carbonell & Llisterri (1992:53)
  4. ↑ Gussenhoven (1992:45)
  5. ↑ Fougeron & Smith (1993:73)
  6. ↑ Shosted & Chikovani (2006:255)
  7. ↑ Rogers & d'Arcangeli (2004:117)
  8. ↑ Okada (1991:94)
  9. 1 2 Gilles & Trouvain (2013), pp. 67–68.
  10. ↑ Jassem (2003:103)
  11. ↑ Cruz-Ferreira (1995:91)
  12. ↑ DEX Online :
  13. ↑ Padgett (2003:42)
  14. ↑ Martínez-Celdrán, Fernández-Planas & Carrera-Sabaté (2003:255)
  15. ↑ Merrill (2008:108)

Bibliography

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