Gallantry Cross (Vietnam)
| Gallantry Cross | |
|---|---|
|
Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross (anodized) | |
Awarded by  South Vietnam | |
| Type |
Military medal (Four class decoration) Four degrees: Gallantry Cross with Palm Gallantry Cross with Gold Star Gallantry Cross with Silver Star Gallantry Cross with Bronze Star |
| Eligibility | Awarded to military individuals, corps, divisions, regiments, and brigades |
| Awarded for | accomplishing deeds of valor or displaying heroic conduct while fighting the enemy. |
| Status | No longer awarded |
| Statistics | |
| Established |
August 15, 1950 May 2, 1952 December 30, 1956 December 2, 1965[1] |
| Precedence | |
| Next (higher) | Republic of Vietnam Special Service Medal[2] |
| Next (lower) | Republic of Vietnam Air Gallantry Cross[2] |
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The Gallantry Cross (Vietnamese: Anh Dũng Bội Tinh) is a military decoration of the former Government of South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam). The medal was created on August 15, 1950 and was awarded to military personnel, civilians, and Armed Forces units and organizations in recognition of deeds of valor or heroic conduct while in combat with the enemy.
Individuals who received the medal, ribbon, and a citation were personally cited at the Armed Forces, Corps, Division, Brigade or Regiment level. The Republic of Vietnam authorized members of units and organizations that were cited, to wear the Gallantry Cross Unit Citation Emblem with Palm and Frame (no medal is authorized).[1]
Medal
The medal is gold in color, 35 mm wide. It consists of a Celtic cross with two crossed swords between the arms. The cross is superimposed over a wreath. The center of the cross contains a disc with the outline of the country of Vietnam between two palm branches joined at the bottom. A scroll is on top of the map and is inscribed "QUOC-GIA LAO-TUONG" (Reward of the State).
The suspension ribbon of the medal is 35 mm wide and is made up of the following stripes: 9 mm of Old Glory Red; 17 mm center stripe in Golden Yellow. The center stripe has sixteen strands of Old Glory Red; and 9 mm of Old Glory Red.[3]
- Degrees
The Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross was awarded in four degrees, with a basic medal followed by higher degrees which were the equivalent of personal citations on an organizational level (also known as having been "mentioned in dispatches"). The degrees of the Gallantry Cross are as follows:
- Gallantry Cross with Palm: cited at the Armed Forces level[1]
- Gallantry Cross with Gold Star: cited at the Corps level[1]
- Gallantry Cross with Silver Star: cited at the Division level[1]
- Gallantry Cross with Bronze Star: cited at the Regiment or Brigade level[1]
- Ribbon devices
The devices to the Gallantry Cross are not worn simultaneously but instead are upgradeable to the next higher device which would replace the previous device for wear on the decoration.
For U.S. Marine Corp personnel, uniform regulations state the recipient should wear only one Gallantry Cross award (medal or ribbon bar) regardless of the number received. For multiple awards, wear as many authorized devices as will fit on one medal suspension ribbon or ribbon bar. Wear the devices for subsequent awards in order of seniority from the wearer's right. The first palm is 1 7⁄16 inches on the suspension ribbon or 6⁄8 inch on the service ribbon. Subsequent palms are 6⁄8 inch on the suspension ribbon or 3⁄8 inch on the service ribbon. Stars are 3⁄8 inch.[4]
- Service versions
The Gallantry Cross was awarded to members of all military branches, as well as service members of foreign and allied militaries. The similarly named decorations were the Air Gallantry Cross and Navy Gallantry Cross. These decorations were awarded under a different authority, with different criteria, and were considered separate decorations.[1]
Unit Award
The Unit Citation Emblem of the colors of the Gallantry Cross is awarded to military personnel in the Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces and Allied units that have been cited and presented a decoration which is prescribed to be awarded on a collective basis.
Known as the Vietnam Gallantry Cross Unit Citation with Palm (Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Palm and Frame Unit Citation), the Unit Citation Emblem in the colors of the Gallantry Cross with Palm, was created on January 20, 1968 and was issued with the Gallantry Cross ribbon bar with a 5⁄32 by 9⁄16 inch bronze palm and a gold frame. The former Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) Armed Forces awarded the Gallantry Cross to specific military units that distinguished themselves to the same level as would be required for the individual award. Regulations for the issuance of the Vietnam Gallantry Cross permit the wearing of both the individual and unit award simultaneously since both are considered separate awards. The Gallantry Cross was awarded to every Allied nation which provided support to South Vietnam. The Gallantry Cross became the most commonly awarded Vietnamese decoration to foreigners, second only to the Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal.
- Fourragere
The Vietnamese Fourragere in the colors of the Gallantry Cross represented a military unit cited two times. It was a brilliant golden-yellow, with red intermixed. Department of the Army message 111030Z from April 1974, established the policy that only one emblem for a unit award was authorized to be worn at a time. This change resulted in the fourragere being no longer authorized for wear, as it was representative of multiple awards.[5]
- US Navy and Marine Corps authorization
The Navy and Marine Corps authorizes the Gallantry Cross unit award as the Republic of Vietnam Meritorious Unit Citation (Gallanty Cross color with Palm and Frame); RVN Meritorious Unit Citation (Gallantry Cross). In addition to specific ships/units cited, the RVN Meritorious Unit Citation (Gallantry Cross) is authorized for all Navy and Marine Corps personnel who served "in country" Vietnam, 8 February 1962 to 28 March 1973.[6]
United States acceptance
The United States military began authorizing the Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross in March 1968 with retroactive presentation of the decoration to 1961. In 1974, Army General Order Number 8 confirmed eligibility for the Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Palm and Frame Unit Citation to every military unit of the United States Army which had served under the Military Assistance Command from 1961 to 1974, however, orders, specific as to dates and units, do exist for specific Army commands as well as for members of other services not affected by the Army General Order.
The National Personnel Records Center is the US federal agency that responds to retroactive award requests from U.S. Army veterans and or updating their personal military records to show the Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross and or unit award, either per Army General Order 8 or per unit specific awards. The full medal and unit citation awards are both considered foreign military awards and are not provided to Vietnam veterans by any of the United States military services. The awards are available for purchase at most US military installations, military clothing sales. Private military insignia dealers also have these awards available for purchase. Republic of Vietnam awards may also be found for sale on the Internet.
Notable recipients
- John Beal, film and television composer, then USMC sergeant was awarded the RVN Gallantry Cross with palm.
- David Christian, Vietnam, 2 awards.
- George R. Christmas, USMC Lieutenant General who was awarded the RVN Gallantry Cross with palm.
- R. Lee Ermey, former USMC gunnery sergeant was awarded the RVN Gallantry Cross with palm.
- David Hackworth, Vietnam, 7 awards.
- Chuck Hagel, former United States Secretary of Defense, an infantry sergeant at the time, was awarded the RVN Gallantry Cross.
- Phil Johnson, Texas Supreme Court Associate Justice.
- Robert Jordan, author of the epic fantasy series The Wheel of Time.
- Luis J. Landin, former U.S. Army Command sergeant major was awarded three RVN Gallantry Crosses.
- Robert Mueller, Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation was awarded the RVN Gallantry Cross.
- James D Newport, former Navy hospital corpsman, was awarded the RVN Gallantry Cross with palm.
- Gary Painter, sheriff of Midland County, Texas, since 1985.
- Bob Parsons, the founder and Executive Chairman of Godaddy.
- Rick Rescorla, a hero of 9/11.
- Tom Ridge, former Pennsylvania Governor and Former Department of Homeland Security Secretary.
- Dr. William Clay McFarland,PhD, Former Gunnery Sergeant [158 Aviation Assault Helicopter Battalion], Police Officer [Metro-Dade Sheriffs Department] Law Professor at the [University of North Carolina System}, Forensic Archaeologist was awarded the RVN Gallantry Cross.
See also
- National Order of Vietnam
- Vietnam Military Merit Medal
- Vietnam Civil Actions Medal
- Vietnam Campaign Medal
- Vietnam Service Medal
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "HUY CHUONG AN THUONG TRONG QUAN-LU'C VlET-NAM CONG-HOA (Medals and Decorations of the Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces)". Government of the Republic of Vietnam. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- 1 2 Martin, Michael N. (2001). Warriors of the Sea. Turner Publishing Company. p. 61. ISBN 1-56311-663-4.
- ↑ "Vietnam Gallantry Cross". http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil. The Institute of Heraldry. Retrieved 13 January 2012. External link in
|work=(help) - ↑ Marine Corp uniform regulations MCO P1020.34G, section 5404-9
- ↑ "Vietnam Gallantry Cross Unit Citation". Ribbons - Order of Precedence. The Institute of Heraldry. Retrieved 2011-08-01.
- ↑ Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual, 2006. p. 7-5, 4. a., b. c. Retrieved Feb. 13, 2014
External links
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