List of codecs
The following is a list of compression formats and related codecs.
Audio compression formats
Main article: Audio coding format
Non-compression
- Linear Pulse Code Modulation (LPCM, generally only described as PCM) is the format for uncompressed audio in media files and it is also the standard for CD-DA; note that in computers, LPCM is usually stored in container formats such as WAV, AIFF, or AU, or as raw audio format, although not technically necessary.
- FFmpeg
- Pulse-density modulation (PDM)
- Direct Stream Digital (DSD) is standard for Super Audio CD
- foobar2000 Super Audio CD Decoder (based on MPEG-4 DST reference decoder)
- Direct Stream Digital (DSD) is standard for Super Audio CD
- Pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM)
Lossless compression
Main article: Lossless data compression
- Actively used
- Most popular
- Apple Lossless Audio Codec (ALAC)
- Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC)[1]
- Monkey's Audio (APE)
- OptimFROG (OFR)
- Tom's verlustfreier Audiokompressor (TAK)
- WavPack (WV)
- True Audio (TTA)
- Windows Media Audio Lossless (WMAL)
- Other
- DTS-HD Master Audio, also known as DTS++.
- Dolby TrueHD – Standard for DVD-Audio in Blu-ray (mathematically based on MLP)
- Meridian Lossless Packing (MLP), also known as Packed PCM (PPCM) – Standard for DVD-Audio in DVD
- MPEG-4 Audio Lossless Coding (MPEG-4 ALS)
- MPEG-4 Scalable Lossless Coding (MPEG-4 SLS) – Parts of it are used in HD-AAC
- RealAudio Lossless
- Oddball
- ATRAC Advanced Lossless (AAL) – Extremely unpopular
- Direct Stream Transfer (DST) - Only used for Direct Stream Digital with no publicly available encoder&decoder
- Original Sound Quality (OSQ) - Only used in WaveLab
- Most popular
- Discontinued
- Lossless Audio (LA)[2] – No update for 10+ years
- Shorten (SHN)[3] – Officially discontinued.
- Lossless Predictive Audio Compression (LPAC) – Predecessor of MPEG-4 ALS
- Lossless Transform Audio Compression (LTAC) – Predecessor of LPAC
- MPEG-1 Audio Layer III HD (mp3HD) – Officially discontinued
- RK Audio (RKAU)[4] – Officially discontinued
Lossy compression
Main article: Lossy data compression § Audio
General
- Adaptive Differential (or Delta) pulse-code modulation (ADPCM, see Pulse-code modulation)
- Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding (ATRAC, used in MiniDisc devices)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- ATSC/ETSI standards:
- Dolby Digital (AC3, ATSC A/52, ETSI TS 102 366)
- FFmpeg
- liba52 (decoder only)
- DTS Coherent Acoustics (DTS, Digital Theatre System Coherent Acoustics, ETSI TS 102 114)
- FFmpeg
- libdca (decoder only)
- Dolby Digital (AC3, ATSC A/52, ETSI TS 102 366)
- Impala FORscene audio codec
- ITU standards:
- MPEG-1 Audio and MPEG-2 Audio
- layer I (MP1) (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- layer II (MP2) (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
- FFmpeg
- tooLame (encoding only)
- twoLame (encoding only)
- layer III (MP3) (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- LAME (encoding only)
- Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) (MPEG-2 Part 7)
- FAAC (encoder) and FAAD (decoder)
- FFmpeg
- iTunes
- Nero AAC Codec
- VisualOn AAC Encoder (aka libvo_aacenc)
- Fraunhofer FDK AAC
- libaacplus
- layer I (MP1) (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
- MPEG-4 Audio
- Advanced Audio Coding (AAC), (MPEG-4 Part 3 subpart 4), HE-AAC
- FAAC, FAAD2
- FFmpeg
- iTunes
- Nero AAC Codec
- MPEG-4 AAC reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
- Harmonic and Individual Lines and Noise (HILN, MPEG-4 Parametric Audio Coding)
- MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
- TwinVQ
- MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- BSAC (Bit-Sliced Arithmetic Coding)
- MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
- Advanced Audio Coding (AAC), (MPEG-4 Part 3 subpart 4), HE-AAC
- Musepack (aka MPEGplus)
- Musepack SV8 Tools
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- IETF standards:
- AT&T Perceptual audio coder
- QDesign (purchased by DTS)
- QDesign Music Codec – used in Apple QuickTime
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- QDesign Music Codec – used in Apple QuickTime
- PictureTel (purchased by Polycom)
- Siren 7
- libg722_1
- libsiren (part of libmsn and msn-pecan)
- Siren 14
- libg722_1
- Siren 22
- Siren 7
- NTT TwinVQ
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- NTT TwinVQ Encoder, NTT TwinVQ Player
- Vorbis
- Windows Media Audio (WMA)
- Windows Media Encoder
- FFmpeg
Bluetooth
- Bluetooth Special Interest Group
- Qualcomm Technologies International (formerly CSR)
- Sony
- LDAC (used in bluetooth)
Voice
Main article: Speech encoding
(low bit rate, optimized for speech)
- Xiph.Org Foundation
- Dialogic ADPCM (VOX)
- International Voice Association (IVA) standards:
- Digital Speech Standard / Standard Play (DSS-SP)
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- Digital Speech Standard / Quality Play (DSS-QP)
- Digital Speech Standard / Standard Play (DSS-SP)
- ITU standards:
- G.711 (a-law and μ-law companding), also known as PCM of voice frequencies
- FFmpeg (libavcodec)
- G.711.0 (G.711 LLC)
- G.711.1
- G.718
- G.719
- G.721 (superseded by G.726)
- G.722 (SB-ADPCM)
- FFmpeg
- G.722.1
- G.722.2 (AMR-WB)
- 3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation[5]
- opencore-amr (decoder)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- G.723 (24 and 40 kbit/s DPCM, extension to G.721, superseded by G.726)
- G.723.1 (MPC-MLQ or ACELP)
- FFmpeg
- G.726 (ADPCM)
- FFmpeg (libavcodec)
- G.728 (LD-CELP)
- G.729 (CS-ACELP)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- G.729a
- G.729d
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- G.729.1
- G.711 (a-law and μ-law companding), also known as PCM of voice frequencies
- Google
- internet Speech Audio Codec (iSAC)
- WebRTC
- internet Speech Audio Codec (iSAC)
- Nellymoser Asao Codec
- FFmpeg (libavcodec)
- PictureTel PT716, PT716plus
- PictureTel PT724
- RTAudio – used by Microsoft Live Communication Server
- SVOPC – used by Skype
- OpenLPC – created by Future Dynamics[7]
- HawkVoice (libHVDI)
- Voxware – used by Microsoft DirectPlay
- Truespeech
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Truespeech Triple Rate CODER (TRC)[8] – used in some pocket recorders.
- ANSI/SCTE
- ANSI/SCTE 24-21 2006 (BroadVoice16)
- BroadVoice Speech Codec Open Source C Code
- ANSI/SCTE 24-22 2013 (iLBCv2.0)
- ANSI/SCTE 24-23 2007 (BroadVoice32)
- BroadVoice Speech Codec Open Source C Code
- ANSI/SCTE 24-21 2006 (BroadVoice16)
- IETF RFCs:
- Internet Low Bit Rate Codec (iLBC, RFC 3951) – developed by Global IP Solutions/Google
- WebRTC
- Internet Low Bit Rate Codec (iLBC, RFC 3951) – developed by Global IP Solutions/Google
- IETF Internet Draft
- IPMR Speech Codec (used by SPIRIT DSP and many others)[9]
- SILK (used by Skype)[10]
- CELT (developed by Xiph.Org Foundation)[11]
- libcelt
- MPEG-4 Audio
- MPEG-4 CELP
- MPEG-4 HVXC
- Skyphone MPLP
- Inmarsat
- INMARSAT-M IMBE
- Inmarsat Mini-M AMBE
Mobile phone
Generation 2
- European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) GSM
- Full Rate (GSM 06.10, RPE-LTP)
- libgsm
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Half Rate (GSM 06.20, VSELP 5.6kbps)
- Enhanced Full Rate (GSM 06.60, ACELP 12.20kbps, compatible with AMR mode AMR_12.20)
- Full Rate (GSM 06.10, RPE-LTP)
- Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) IS-95 (aka cdmaOne)
- IS-96A (QCELP 8kbps)
- IS-127 (EVRC 8kbps)
- IS-733 (QCELP 13kbps)
- Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) IS-54/IS-136 (aka Digital AMPS)
- IS-85 (VSELP 8kbps)
- IS-641 (ACELP 7.4kbps, compatible with AMR mode AMR_7.40)
- Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB) RCR STD-27 (PDC)
Generation 3/4
- 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)
- Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR)
- AMR-NB
- 3GPP TS 26.073 – AMR speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation[12]
- opencore-amr (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libopencore-amrnb to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)
- FFmpeg (by default decoder only, but see above the compiling options to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)
- AMR-WB
- 3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation[5]
- opencore-amr (decoder), from OpenCORE (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libopencore-amrwb to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)
- vo-amrwbenc (encoder), from VisualOn, included in Android (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libvo-amrwbenc to incorporate the VisualOn lib)
- FFmpeg (by default decoder only, but see above the compiling options).
- AMR-WB+
- 3GPP TS 26.273 – AMR-WB+ speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation[13]
- AMR-NB
- EVS (Enhanced Voice Services)
- Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR)
- 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2)
- Enhanced Variable Rate Codec (EVRC, aka IS-127) – based on RCELP
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Enhanced Variable Rate Codec B (EVRC-B)
- QCELP (Qualcomm Code Excited Linear Prediction)
- QCELP-8 (aka SmartRate or IS-96C)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- QCELP-13 (aka PureVoice or IS-733)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- QCELP-8 (aka SmartRate or IS-96C)
- Selectable Mode Vocoder (SMV)
- Variable Multi Rate – WideBand (VMR-WB)
- Enhanced Variable Rate Codec (EVRC, aka IS-127) – based on RCELP
Professional mobile radio
- APCO
- Project 25 Phase 2 Enhanced Full-Rate (AMBE+2 4400bit/s with 2800bit/s FEC)
- Project 25 Phase 2 Half-Rate (AMBE+2 2450bit/s with 1150bit/s FEC) – also used in NXDN and DMR
- mbelib (decoder only)
- Project 25 Phase 1 Full Rate (IMBE 7200bit/s)
- mbelib (decoder only)
- European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
- ETS 300 395-2 (TETRA ACELP 4.6kbps)
- TETRAPOL
- RPCELP 6kbps
- D-STAR Digital Voice (AMBE 2400bit/s with 1200bit/s FEC)
- mbelib (decoder only)
- Professional Digital Trunking System Industry Association (PDT Alliance) standards:
- NVOC – used in China
- Spirit DSP RALCWI
- DSPINI
- SPR Robust
- TWELP Robust
- Codec2
- RL-CELP (used in Japanese railways[14][15])
Military
- U.S. Department of Defence (DoD) Federal Standard:
- United States Military Standard (MIL-STD)
- MIL-STD-188 113 (CVSD 16kbps and 32kbps)
- SoX (libsox)
- MIL-STD-3005 (aka MELP)
- MIL-STD-188 113 (CVSD 16kbps and 32kbps)
- NATO
- STANAG 4198 (aka LPC-10e)
- STANAG-4591 (aka MELPe)
- BBN NRV – developed in DARPA program[16]
Text compression formats
- BiM
- Continuous Media Markup Language (CMML)
- MPEG-4 Part 17 (e.g. 3GPP Timed Text)
- ttyrec
Video compression formats
Main article: Video coding format
Lossless video compression
- Alpary
- Apple Animation (QuickTime RLE)
- QuickTime
- FFmpeg
- ArithYuv
- AVIzlib
- LCL (VfW codec) MSZH and ZLIB[17]
- FFmpeg
- Autodesk RLE (AASC)
- BMV Video (Discworld II BMV Video)
- CamStudio GZIP/LZO
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Dirac lossless (a.k.a VC-2)
- libdirac
- libschroedinger
- GStreamer
- FFmpeg
- DXA
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- FastCodec
- FFV1[18] FFV1's compression factor is comparable to Motion JPEG 2000, but based on quicker algorithms (allows real-time capture). Written by Michael Niedermayer and published as part of FFmpeg under to GNU LGPL.
- FFmpeg
- Flashsv (flash screen video)[19]
- Fraps codec (FPS1)[20]
- H.264 lossless
- x264 (encoder only)
- FFmpeg (decoder only, uses x264 for encoding)
- Huffyuv Huffyuv (or HuffYUV) was written by Ben Rudiak-Gould and published under the terms of the GNU GPL as free software, meant to replace uncompressed YCbCr as a video capture format. It uses very little cpu but takes a lot of disk space. See also ffvhuff which is an "FFmpeg" only version of it.
- FFmpeg
- JPEG 2000 lossless
- libopenjpeg
- Lagarith A more up-to-date fork of Huffyuv is available as Lagarith[21]
- Lagarith Codec (VfW codec)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- LOCO[22]
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- LZO
- MagicYUV[23]
- MSU Lossless Video Codec
- PNG
- CorePNG
- FFmpeg
- ScreenPressor[24]
- SheerVideo
- Snow lossless
- FFmpeg
- TechSmith Screen Capture Codec (TSCC)[25]
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Ut Video[26][27]
- libutvideo
- FFmpeg
- VMNC VMware screen codec[28]
- VP9 by Google[29]
- libvpx
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- YULS
- ZMBV (Zip Motion Block Video) Codec
- FFmpeg
- VBLE[30]
- ZRLE used by VNC
- Blackmagic codec
- Grass Valley Lossless
- Grass Valley Codec Option
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Lossy compression
General
- Apple Intermediate Codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Bink Video, Smacker video
- FFmpeg
- libavcodec
- Blackbird FORscene video codec
- Cinepak[31] (aka Apple Compact Video)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Dirac
- Schrödinger
- dirac-research
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Firebird[32] Original FORscene video codec
- H.261 (aka Px64)
- FFmpeg H.261 (libavcodec)
- MPEG-1 Part 2 (MPEG-1 Video)
- Cinema Craft Encoder
- Elecard MPEG-1 Decoder/Encoder
- FFmpeg
- MainConcept MPEG-1
- TMPGEnc
- H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2 (MPEG-2 Video)
- Canopus ProCoder
- Cinema Craft Encoder
- Elecard MPEG-2 Video Decoder/Encoder
- FFmpeg
- InterVideo Video Decoder
- MainConcept MPEG-2
- TMPGEnc
- H.263
- FFmpeg H.263 (libavcodec)
- MPEG-4 Part 2 (MPEG-4 Advanced Simple Profile)
- 3ivx
- DivX
- Elecard MPEG-4 Decoder/Encoder
- libavcodec
- HDX4
- Nero Digital
- Xvid
- H.264/MPEG-4 AVC or MPEG-4 Part 10 (MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding), approved for Blu-ray
- CoreAVC (decoder only; limited to below Hi10P profile)
- Elecard AVC Decoder/Encoder (baseline and main profile)
- MainConcept
- Nero Digital
- QuickTime H.264
- Sorenson AVC Pro codec, Sorenson's new implementation
- OpenH264 (baseline profile only)
- x264 (encoder only; supports some of Hi422P and Hi444PP features)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- MPEG-4 AVC variants:
- MPEG-4 Web Video Coding or MPEG-4 Part 29 – a subset of MPEG-4 AVC baseline profile
- Scalable Video Coding
- XAVC
- AVC-Ultra – a subset of MPEG-4 AVC Hi444PP profile
- HEVC
- x265 (encoder only)
- Indeo 3[33]/4/5[34]
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- OMS Video
- On2 Technologies TrueMotion VP3/VP4, VP5, VP6, VP7, VP8; under the name The Duck Corporation: TrueMotion S, TrueMotion 2
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Pixlet
- RealVideo
- FFmpeg
- Snow Wavelet Codec
- Sorenson Video,[35] Sorenson Spark
- FFmpeg
- Theora
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- libtheora
- VC-1 (SMPTE standard, subset of Windows Media Video)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- VP9 by Google
- Windows Media Video (WMV)
- WAX (Part of the Windows Media Series)
- FFmpeg
- Guobiao standards (GB/T)
- Audio Video Standard (AVS)
- AVS1-P2 (GB/T 20090.2-2006)
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- AVS1-P7 (AVS-M; under-development)
- AVS-S-P2 (under-development)
- AVS2-P2 (under-development)
- AVS1-P2 (GB/T 20090.2-2006)
- SVAC (GB/T 25724-2010)
- Audio Video Standard (AVS)
Intra-frame-only
- Motion JPEG
- FFmpeg
- Morgan Multimedia M-JPEG
- Pegasus PICVideo M-JPEG
- MainConcept M-JPEG
- Motion JPEG 2000
- libopenjpeg
- FFmpeg
- Redcode RAW (used in RED cameras) – a modified version of JPEG 2000[36]
- libredcode
- Apple ProRes 422/4444
- FFmpeg
- AVC-Intra
- x264 (encoder only)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- XAVC-I
- DV
- FFmpeg
- SMPTE standard
- Grass Valley HQ/HQA/HQX
- Grass Valley Codec Option
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Stereoscopic 3D
Real-time
- Hap/Hap Alpha/Hap Q
- VIDVOX hap codec
- FFmpeg
- DXV Codec
- Resolume DXV Codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- VESA Display Stream Compression (DSC)
See also
- Open source codecs and containers
- Comparison of video codecs
- Comparison of audio coding formats
- Comparison of container formats
- Comparison of media players
- RTP audio video profile
- Comparison of video encoders
References
- ↑ FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec), Version 1.1.2 Library of Congress
- ↑ "Lossless Audio Homepage".
- ↑ Shorten Lossless Audio Compression Format (SHN), Version 3.5.1 Library of Congress
- ↑ "RK Audio".
- 1 2 3 3GPP (2008-12-11) 3GPP TS 26.173 - AMR-WB speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-09
- ↑ Speex Audio Codec, Version 1.2 Library of Congress
- ↑ Finding voice codecs for free software Linux.com October 14, 2005
- ↑ DSP Group Unveils Total Telephony Solutions(TM) For Digital Cordless Telephony Applications PRNewswire
- ↑ IPMR Speech Codec - draft-spiritdsp-ipmr-01.txt IETF
- ↑ SILK Speech Codec - draft-vos-silk-02 IETF
- ↑ Constrained-Energy Lapped Transform (CELT) Codec - draft-valin-celt-codec-02 IETF
- ↑ 3GPP (2008-12-11) 3GPP TS 26.073 - AMR speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-08
- ↑ 3GPP (2008-12-18) 3GPP TS 26.273 - AMR-WB+ speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-09
- ↑ INFORMATION COLLECTION SURVEY FOR THE MEGA MANILA SUBWAY PROJECT IN THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Japan International Cooperation Agency September, 2015
- ↑ 東北上越新幹線デジタル列車 無線システムの開発 (Japanese) East Japan Railway Company 2003
- ↑ 300 bps noise robust vocoder MILCOM 2010
- ↑ "Lossless Codec Libraries". multimedia.cx.
- ↑ FF Video Codec 1 Library of Congress
- ↑ http://ffmpeg.org/doxygen/trunk/flashsv_8c.html
- ↑ http://www.fraps.com/faq.php#videocap
- ↑ http://lags.leetcode.net/codec.html
- ↑ http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=LOCO
- ↑ http://magicyuv.com/
- ↑ "ScreenPressor by Infognition - lossless video codec for screen capture". infognition.com.
- ↑ "Downloads". TechSmith.
- ↑ "#534 (Ut Video Support) – FFmpeg". ffmpeg.org.
- ↑ "Ut Video Codec Suite - a new lossless video codec for Windows! [Archive] - Doom9's Forum". doom9.org.
- ↑ "VMware Video". multimedia.cx.
- ↑ "The WebM Project - VP8 Encode Parameter Guide". webmproject.org.
- ↑ http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=VBLE
- ↑ Cinepak Library of Congress
- ↑ "Live demonstration". Forbidden.
- ↑ Indeo Video Codec, Version 3 Library of Congress
- ↑ Indeo Video Codec, Version 5 Library of Congress
- ↑ Sorenson Video Codec, Version 3 Library of Congress
- ↑ libredcode
External links
- Subjective codec comparison
- Audio formats comparison, a look at six lossless formats and five lossy formats
- http://www.fourcc.org/codecs.php, list of codec four digit codes (like DIV3, XVID, ...)
- Interactive blind listening tests of audio codecs over the internet
- http://mediainfo.sourceforge.net/en/Support/Formats,List of different audio codecs and meta-data by them
- Online Video Format Identification Tool – Designed primarily for CCTV video formats and codecs
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