Vekoma

Vekoma Rides Manufacturing
Private company
Founder Hendrik op het Veld
Headquarters Vlodrop, The Netherlands
Area served
 Worldwide
Products Amusement rides
Website Official website

Vekoma Rides Manufacturing is a Dutch amusement ride manufacturer. It is perhaps most well known for manufacturing several unique roller coaster models, and it currently has created the most roller coasters in the world, with 287 confirmed rides across the globe.[1]

Ferris wheels

In 2008, Vekoma Rides Manufacturing acquired the Wheels of Excellence range of Ferris wheels from Ronald Bussink, to be handled by a new Vekoma division, Dutch Wheels BV.[2] The Dutch Wheels product range includes the R40, R50, and R60 models, each available in three different types.[3]

Notable installations

Ferris wheel name Location Opened Status
Giant Wheel Morey's Piers, Wildwood, New Jersey, US
1985
 Operating [4]
Navy Pier Ferris Wheel Pier Park, Navy Pier, Chicago, US
1995
 Operating [5][6][7]
Delhi Eye (R50) Kalindi Kunj Park, Okhla, Delhi, India
2014
 Operating [8][9]
Hong Kong Observation Wheel Central, Hong Kong
2014
 Operating [10]

Roller coasters

Models

Model First produced Description
Corkscrew with Bayerncurve 1979 (discontinued) Vekoma corkscrew designed by Arrow Dynamics and manufactured by Vekoma.
Boomerang 1984 Shuttle roller coaster with six inversions, height of 117 feet, and speed of 40 mph.
Invertigo 1996 An inverted model of the Boomerang.
Giant Inverted Boomerang 2001 Like Invertigo but with vertical lift hills and slightly different layout.
Suspended Looping Coaster 1994 Inverted coaster with several different models.
Flying Dutchman 2000 First large-scale flying roller coaster built. There are three of these coasters.
Suspended Family Coaster 2001 Similar to the SLC but no inversions and more appropriate for families.
Motorbike roller coaster 2004 Vekoma-launched roller coaster with trains like motorbikes.
Junior Coaster 1990 Roller coaster aimed at children. 207 m and 335 m models.
Wooden roller coaster 2000 Classic wooden coaster produced by Vekoma. There are three examples: the Thundercoaster at TusenFryd, Robin Hood at Walibi Holland, and Loup-Garou in Walibi Belgium.
Big Air 2010 Formerly known as a hammerhead stall due to the spinning function it previously possessed. There is only one installation of this roller coaster.[11]
LSM Launch Coaster 1999 Roller coaster with three inversions. Launched around 55 mph using LSM technology.
Stingray 2009 A compact flying roller coaster designed as the successor to the Flying Dutchman. Only one example has been installed.[12]
Dive Pretzel Coaster[13][14] 2014[15] A roller coaster with a 90 degree climb and several pretzel loop elements.
Splash Party 2013 An inverted slower-paced roller coaster that is designed with several water gun and water bomb placements. Only one installation of this model exists.[16]
Tornado 1986 A modified version of the MK-1200, it consisted of two vertical loops and a standard track.[17] Three installations exist in the world and are all still operating.

Other Vekoma coaster models include Enigma, Hurricane, Illusion, Family Boomerang, Tilt Coaster, and powered coasters. There are also many different custom models.

In 2013, Vekoma signed a deal with Idaho-based Rocky Mountain Construction. The agreement allows Vekoma to sell Rocky Mountain Construction's roller coasters outside the North American market.[18]

Notable installations

As of 2012, Vekoma has built over 270 roller coasters around the world.[19]

Coaster name Location Model Original opening Status
Apocalypse
Formerly Corkscrew
Formerly Corkscrew 		Luna Park
Flamingo Land Theme Park & Zoo
Spanish City Amusement Park 		Sitdown 2012 Operating [20]
Aftershock
Formerly Déjà Vu 		Silverwood Theme Park
Six Flags Great America 		Giant Inverted Boomerang 2001 Operating [21][22]
Arkham Asylum – Shock Therapy Warner Bros. Movie World SLC 765m Extended w/Helix 1995 Operating [23]
Bandit Bomber YAS Waterworld Splash Party 2013 Operating [24]
Babylon Happylon Indoor sitdown 2010 Operating [25]
The Barnstormer Walt Disney World Magic Kingdom Junior Coaster 1996 Operating [26]
The Bat Canada's Wonderland Boomerang 1987 Operating [27]
Bat Lagoon Amusement Park SFC 342m 2005 Operating [28]
Batman - The Ride Six Flags Mexico SLC 689m Standard 2000 Operating [29]
Battlestar Galactica: Human or Cylon Universal Studios Singapore Custom Designed Dueling Coaster 2010 Operating [30]
Ben 10 – Ultimate Mission Drayton Manor Theme Park Family Boomerang 2011 Operating [31]
Big Air E-DA Theme Park Big Air 2010 Operating [32]
Big Thunder Mountain Railroad Disneyland Park (Paris) Mine Train 1992 Operating [33]
Big Grizzly Mountain Runaway Mine Cars Hong Kong Disneyland Mine Train Custom 2012 Operating [34]
Blue Tornado Gardaland SLC 765m Extended w/Helix 1998 Operating [35]
Boomerang Knott's Berry Farm Boomerang 1990 Operating [36]
Boomerang La Ronde Boomerang 1984 Operating [37]
Boomerang Parc Touristique des Combes Family Boomerang 2011 Operating [38]
Boomerang Six Flags Mexico Boomerang 1987 Operating [39]
Boomerang
Formerly Flashback 		Six Flags St. Louis
Six Flags Over Texas 		Boomerang 1989 Operating [40][41]
Boomerang Wild Adventures Boomerang 1998 Operating [42]
Boomerang Worlds of Fun Boomerang 2000 Operating [43]
Boomerang: Coast to Coaster Darien Lake Boomerang 1998 Operating [44]
Boomerang: Coast to Coaster Elitch Gardens Theme Park Boomerang 1999 Operating [45]
Boomerang: Coast to Coaster Great Escape Boomerang 1997 Operating [46]
Boomerang: Coast to Coaster Six Flags Discovery Kingdom Boomerang 1998 Operating [47]
Boomerang: Coast to Coaster Six Flags Fiesta Texas Boomerang 1999 Operating [48]
Booster Bike Toverland Motorbike 2004 Operating [49]
Calamity Mine Walibi Belgium Mine Train 1992 Operating [50]
Carolina Cobra
Formerly Head Spin 		Carowinds
Geauga Lake 		Boomerang 1996 Operating [51][52]
Cobra Walibi Belgium Boomerang 2001 Operating [53]
Dream Catcher
Formerly Air Race 		Bobbejaanland Suspended Coaster 1987 Operating [54]
Ednör – L'Attaque
Formerly Serial Thriller 		La Ronde
Six Flags Astroworld 		SLC 689m Standard 1999 Operating [55][56]
El Condor Walibi Holland SLC 662m Prototype 1994 Operating [57]
Escape from Madagascar Dreamworld SFC 342m 2002 Operating [58]
Expedition Everest Disney's Animal Kingdom Mine Train Custom 2006 Operating [59]
Firehawk
Formerly X-Flight 		Kings Island
Geauga Lake		 Flying Dutchman 1020m 2007 Operating [60][61]
Flashback
Formerly Vampire
Formerly Boomerang 		Six Flags New England
Kentucky Kingdom
Nanhu Amusement Park 		Boomerang 1985 Operating [62][63][64]
Flight Deck
Formerly Top Gun 		Canada's Wonderland SLC 689m Standard 1995 Operating [65]
Flight of the Hippogriff
Formerly Flying Unicorn		 Islands of Adventure
Islands of Adventure 		Junior Coaster 2000 Operating [66]
Fly - The Great Nor'easter Morey's Piers SLC Custom 1995 Operating [67]
Flying Ace Aerial Chase Carowinds SFC 342m 2003 Operating [68]
Flying Ace Aerial Chase Kings Island SFC 342m 2001 Operating [69]
Flying School
Formerly Swamp Thing		 Legoland Florida
Cypress Gardens 		SFC 342m 2004 Operating [70]
Freedom Flyer Fun Spot Action Park SFC 395m 2013 Operating [71]
Gadget's Go Coaster Disneyland Resort
Tokyo Disneyland 		Junior Coaster 1993
1996 		Operating
Goliath
Formerly Déjà Vu 		Six Flags New England
Six Flags Magic Mountain 		Giant Inverted Boomerang 2001 Operating [72][73]
Infusion Blackpool Pleasure Beach SLC 689m Standard 2007 Operating [74]
Invertigo Kings Island Invertigo 1999 Operating [75]
Jimmy Neutron's Atomic Flyer Movie Park Germany SFC 294m 2007 Operating [76]
Jubilee Odyssey Fantasy Island SLC Custom 2002 Operating [77]
Kong
Formerly Hangman		 Six Flags Discovery Kingdom
Opryland USA 		SLC 689m Standard 1995 Operating [78][79]
Kvasten Gröna Lund SFC Custom 2007 Operating [80]
Magic Mountain Gardaland Double Loop Corkscrew 1984 Operating [81]
Mammut Gardaland Mine Train Custom 2008 Operating [82]
Mountain Peak Jinjiang Action Park Giant Inverted Boomerang 2011 Operating [83]
MP Xpress Movie Park Germany SLC 689m Standard 2001 Operating [84]
Muntanya Russa Tibidabo Amusement Park Steel Sitdown 2008 Operating [85]
Nighthawk
Formerly Stealth		 Carowinds
California's Great America 		Flying Dutchman 843m Prototype 2000 Operating [86][87]
Oki Doki
Formerly Vekoma Pipo[88]
Formerly Junior Coaster 		Bobbejaanland Junior Coaster 2004 Operating [89]
Python Efteling Double Loop Corkscrew 1981 Operating [90]
Raptor Paultons Park Family Boomerang 2016 Under Construction
Revolution Bobbejaanland Illusion 1989 Operating [91]
Rock 'n' Roller Coaster Starring Aerosmith
Rock 'n' Roller Coaster avec Aerosmith 		Disney's Hollywood Studios
Disneyland Paris 		LSM Coaster 1999
2002 		Operating [92][93]
Roller Skater Kentucky Kingdom Junior (207m) 1994 Operating [94]
Sea Serpent Morey's Piers Boomerang 1984 Operating [95]
Shells Shuttle Powerland (Treasure Island Pirate Kingdom) Indoor Junior Coaster 2006 Operating [96]
Sidewinder Hershey Park Boomerang 1991 Operating [97]
Silver Streak Canada's Wonderland SFC 342m 2001 Operating [98]
Sky Mountain
Formerly Déjà Vu 		Mirabilandia
Six Flags Over Georgia 		Giant Inverted Boomerang 2001 In storage [99][100]
Space Mountain: Mission 2
Formerly Space Mountain - De la terre à la lune 		Disneyland Park (Paris) Steel 2005
1995 		Operating
Operated 		[101]
Space Shuttle Max
Formerly Cobra 		Enchanted Kingdom
West Midland Safari Park 		Boomerang 1985 Operating [102][103]
Speed of Sound Walibi Holland Boomerang 2000 Operating [104]
Seven Dwarfs Mine Train Disney World-Magic Kingdom Custom Other 2014 Now Open
Steel Lasso Frontier City SFC 294m 2008 Operating [105]
Stinger
Formerly Invertigo 		Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom
California's Great America 		Invertigo 1998 Operating [106][107]
Stress Express Fantawild Adventure Sitdown 2012 Operating [108]
Stunt Fall Parque Warner Madrid Giant Inverted Boomerang 2002 Operating [109]
Swamp Thing Wild Adventures SFC 342m 2003 Operating [109]
T3
Formerly T² 		Kentucky Kingdom SLC 662m Prototype 1995 Operating [110]
Thunderhawk
Formerly Serial Thriller		 Michigan's Adventure
Geauga Lake 		SLC 689m Standard 1998 Operating [111][112]
Triops
Formerly Tornado
Formerly unknown
Formerly HangOver 		Bagatelle
Sommerland Syd
Allou Fun Park
Liseberg 		Invertigo 1997 Operating [113][114][115][116]
Two Face: The Flip Side Six Flags America Invertigo 1999 Defunct since 2007 [117]
Wipeout
Formerly Missile
Formerly Coca-Cola Roller 		Pleasurewood Hills
The American Adventure Theme Park
Glasgow Garden Festival 		Boomerang 1988 Operating [118][119][120]
Woodstock Express Cedar Point Junior 335m 1999 Operating [121]
Xpress: Platform 13 Walibi Holland LSM Launch 2000 Operating [122]
Zoomerang
Formerly The Demon
Formerly Titan 		Alabama Adventure
Wonderland Sydney
World Expo Park 		Boomerang 1988 Defunct from 2011 [123][124][125]
Zoomerang Lake Compounce Boomerang 1997 Operating [126]
Zydeco Scream
Formerly Boomerang 		Six Flags New Orleans
Parc de Montjuic 		Boomerang 1990 Defunct [127][128]

Gallery

References

  1. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Vekoma". Roller Coaster Database. Retrieved May 16, 2015.
  2. ↑ Giant Wheels go Dutch - Vekoma takes over Bussink range
  3. ↑ Dutch Wheels - our product range
  4. ↑ Ride experts call 11-year-old Pleasantville girl's fatal fall from Wildwood's Morey's Pier Ferris wheel a freak occurrence
  5. ↑ Navy Pier's new attractions deemed 'critical' to luring variety of patrons.
  6. ↑ Historic Navy Pier Attractions - Pier Park
  7. ↑ 10 millionth rider goes for spin on Navy Pier ferris wheel
  8. ↑ Delhi Eye thrown open to the public
  9. ↑ Giant wheel a monumental treat
  10. ↑ Partners - The Hong Kong Observation Wheel
  11. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Big Air  (E-DA Theme Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
  12. ↑ "Stingray".
  13. ↑ "Raadselachtige nieuwe achtbaan opgebouwd in Limburg". looping.nl (in Dutch). April 23, 2015. Retrieved May 14, 2015.
  14. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Unknown  (Great Mall of China)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved May 14, 2015.
  15. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Dive Pretzel Coaster  (Limburg)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved May 14, 2015.
  16. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Bandit Bomber  (Yas Waterworldrcdb_number=6536)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
  17. ↑ Template:Cite rcdb
  18. ↑ "Vekoma rides on". Park World Magazine: 30. November 2013.
  19. ↑ Vekoma - rcdb.com
  20. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Apocalypse  (Lunapark)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  21. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Déjà Vu  (Six Flags Great America)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 20 August 2011.
  22. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Aftershock  (Silverwood Theme Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 20 August 2011.
  23. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Lethal Weapon - The Ride  (Warner Bros. Movie World)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  24. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Bandit Bomber  (YAS Waterworld)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  25. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Babylon  (Happylon)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  26. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Barnstormer  (Walt Disney World Magic Kingdom)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  27. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Bat  (Canada's Wonderland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  28. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Bat  (Lagoon)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  29. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Batman: The Ride  (Six Flags Mexico)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 13 December 2010.
  30. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Battlestar Galactica  (Universal Studios Singapore)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  31. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Ben 10 - Ultimate Mission  (Drayton Manor)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  32. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Big Air  (E-DA Theme Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  33. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Big Thunder Mountain  (Disneyland Paris)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  34. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Big Grizzly Mountain Runaway Mine Cars  (Hong Kong Disneyland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  35. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Blue Tornado  (Gardaland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 13 December 2010.
  36. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Boomerang  (Knott's Berry Farm)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  37. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Boomerang  (La Ronde)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  38. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Boomerang  (Parc Touristique des Combes)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  39. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Boomerang  (Six Flags Mexico)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  40. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Boomerang  (Six Flags St. Louis)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 5 September 2012.
  41. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Flashback  (Six Flags Over Texas)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  42. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Boomerang  (Wild Adventures)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  43. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Boomerang  (Worlds of Fun)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  44. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Boomerang Coast to Coaster  (Darien Lake)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  45. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Boomerang  (Elitch Gardens)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  46. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Boomerang Coast to Coaster  (Great Escape)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  47. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Boomerang Coast to Coaster  (Six Flags Discovery Kingdom)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  48. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Boomerang  (Six Flags Fiesta Texas)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  49. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Booster Bike  (Toverland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  50. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Calamity Mine  (Walibi Belgium)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  51. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Carolina Cobra  (Carowinds)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  52. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Head Spin  (Geauga Lake)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  53. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Cobra  (Walibi Belgium)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  54. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Oki Doki  (Bobbejaanland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 17 April 2014.
  55. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Ednör - L'Attaque  (La Ronde)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  56. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Serial Thriller  (Six Flags Astroworld)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  57. ↑ Marden, Duane. "El Condor  (Walibi Holland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 13 December 2010.
  58. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Escape from Madagascar  (Dreamworld)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  59. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Expedition Everest  (Disney's Animal Kingdom)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  60. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Firehawk  (Kings Island)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  61. ↑ Marden, Duane. "X-Flight  (Geauga Lake)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  62. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Flashback  (Six Flags New England)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  63. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Vampire  (Kentucky Kingdom)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  64. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Boomerang  (Nanhu Amusement Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  65. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Flight Deck  (Canada's Wonderland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  66. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Flight of the Hippogriff  (Universal Studios Island of Adventure)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  67. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Fly the Great Nor'Easter  (Morey's Piers)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  68. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Flying Ace Aerial Chase  (Carowinds)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  69. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Flying Ace Aerial Chase  (Kings Island)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  70. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Flying School  (Legoland Florida)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  71. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Freedom Flyer  (Fun Spot Action Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 9 July 2013.
  72. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Goliath  (Six Flags New England)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  73. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Déjà Vu  (Six Flags Magic Mountain)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 20 August 2011.
  74. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Infusion  (Blackpool Pleasure Beach)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  75. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Invertigo  (Kings Island)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  76. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Jimmy Neutron's Atomic Flyer  (Movie Park Germany)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  77. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Jubilee Odyssey  (Fantasy Island)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  78. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Kong  (Six Flags Discovery Kingdom)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  79. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Hangman  (Opryland USA)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  80. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Kvasten  (Gröna Lund)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  81. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Magic-Mountain  (Gardaland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 18 March 2013.
  82. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Mammut  (Gardaland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 18 March 2013.
  83. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Mountain Peak  (Jinjiang Action Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 20 August 2011.
  84. ↑ Marden, Duane. "MP-Xpress  (Movie Park Germany)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  85. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Muntanya Russa  (Tibidabo Amusement Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  86. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Nighthawk  (Carowinds)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  87. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Stealth  (California's Great America)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  88. ↑ Oki Doki
  89. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Oki Doki  (Bobbejaanland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 17 April 2014.
  90. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Python  (Efteling)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  91. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Revolution". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
  92. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Rock 'n' Roller Coaster  (Disney's Hollywood Studios)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  93. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Rock 'n' Roller Coaster  (Disneyland Paris - Walt Disney Studios Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 9 February 2014.
  94. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Roller Skater  (Kentucky Kingdom)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  95. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Sea Serpent  (Morey's Piers)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  96. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Shells Shuttle  (Powerland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  97. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Sidewinder  (Hershey Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
  98. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Silver Streak  (Canada's Wonderland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  99. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Déjà Vu  (Six Flags Over Georgia)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 20 August 2011.
  100. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Sky Mountain  (Mirabilandia)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 20 August 2011.
  101. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Space Mountain: Mission 2  (Disneyland Park (Paris))". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  102. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Space Shuttle  (Enchanted Kingdom)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  103. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Cobra  (West Midland Safari Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  104. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Speed of Sound  (Walibi Holland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  105. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Steel Lasso  (Frontier City)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  106. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Stinger  (Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  107. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Invertigo  (California's Great America)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  108. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Stress Express  (Fantawild Adventure)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 18 February 2013.
  109. 1 2 Marden, Duane. "Stunt Fall  (Parque Warner Madrid)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 20 August 2011.
  110. ↑ Marden, Duane. "T2  (Kentucky Kingdom)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  111. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Thunderhawk  (Michigan's Adventure)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  112. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Serial Thriller  (Geauga Lake)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  113. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Triops  (Bagatelle)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  114. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Tornado  (Sommerland Syd)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  115. ↑ Marden, Duane. "unknown  (Allou Fun Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  116. ↑ Marden, Duane. "HangOver  (Liseberg)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  117. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Two-Face: The Flip Side  (Six Flags America)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  118. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Wipeout  (Pleasurewood Hills)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  119. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Missile  (American Adventure Theme Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  120. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Coca-Cola Roller  (Glasgow Garden Festival)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  121. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Woodstock Express  (Cedar Point)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  122. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Xpress  (Walibi Holland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  123. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Zoomerang  (Alabama Adventure)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  124. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Demon  (Wonderland Sydney)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  125. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Titan  (World Expo Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  126. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Zoomerang  (Lake Compounce)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  127. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Zydeco Scream  (Six Flags New Orleans)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  128. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Boomerang  (Parc de Montjuic)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved 19 February 2012.

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