U.S. Route 85

U.S. Route 85
CanAm Highway
Route information
Length: 1,479 mi[1] (2,380 km)
Existed: 1926[1] – present
Major junctions
South end: MX 45 at the Mexican Border at El Paso, TX
 

I-10 at El Paso, TX
I-25 at Las Cruces, NM
I-40 at Albuquerque, NM
I-25 in Colorado Springs, CO
I-70 in Denver, CO
I-76 in Denver, CO
I-80 at Cheyenne, WY
I-90 near Deadwood, SD

I‑94 at Belfield, ND
North end: Hwy 35 at Canadian border at Fortuna, ND
Location
States: Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming, South Dakota, North Dakota
Highway system

U.S. Route 85 (US 85) is a north–south United States highway that runs for 1,479 miles (2,380 km) in the Mountain - Northern Plains states of the United States. The southern terminus of the route is at the United States-Mexico border in El Paso, Texas, connecting with Mexican Federal Highway 45. The northern terminus is at the United States-Canada border in Fortuna, North Dakota, where the route continues north as Saskatchewan Highway 35. In both the United States and Saskatchewan, Canada the route is known as the CanAm Highway. Sections of US 85 are considered part of the Theodore Roosevelt Expressway.

Route description

Lengths
  mi[2]km
TX 21 34
NM 483 777
CO 310 499
WY 256 412
SD 154 248
ND 255 410
Total 1479 2380

The highway passes through Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming, South Dakota, and North Dakota.

Texas

US 85 in Texas begins at the United States/Mexico border with US 62 and travels north through El Paso, beginning at the Santa Fe Street Bridge, and following Santa Fe street, then Paisano Drive westward, along the Rio Grande until Paisano Drive ends where it joins with Interstate 10, about 14 miles (23 km) before both reach the New Mexico border. The route is concurrent with I-10 for the remainder of its route within Texas.

The original route of US 85 in Texas had the highway concurrent with Doniphan Drive (after Paisano Drive), and parallelling the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway through the Mesilla Valley communities of Canutillo, Vinton and Anthony before crossing the Texas/New Mexico state line in Anthony, New Mexico, then following the road which is now New Mexico State Road 478 up the Mesilla Valley to Las Cruces. This route is marked as Texas State Highway 20 north of the intersection with Mesa Street/Country Club Drive.

New Mexico

Remnant US-85 sign at Third Street and Roma Street in downtown Albuquerque in January 2009, New Mexico. US 85 was rerouted off this alignment c. 1990. (NOTE: As of May 2015, this sign has been removed from this location.)

The unsigned route of US 85 through New Mexico exists only on paper to maintain continuity with signed sections in Colorado and Texas. Except for a 4-mile segment through Las Vegas (signed as Business Loop 25),[3] US 85 in New Mexico is entirely concurrent with Interstate Routes. For the first 20 miles (32 km) it shares its route with I-10, then continues north for the remainder of its length in New Mexico concurrent with I-25.[4] US-85 was de-signed in segments between 1970 and 1990 as I-25 was built through the state. I-25 between Bernalillo and a point just south of Santa Fe was built over the old US 85 alignment. I-25 was also built directly over US 85 from east of Santa Fe to Las Vegas and from US 64 to the Colorado border at Raton Pass. At one point, the route went along the historic El Camino Real.

The original route from Anthony to Las Cruces is now signed as New Mexico State Road 478. The original route from Las Cruces to Hatch is now signed as New Mexico State Road 185; New Mexico State Road 187 south of Truth or Consequences (T or C); New Mexico State Road 181 north of T or C; New Mexico State Road 1 (the route's pre-US-85 designation) from Redrock to Socorro; New Mexico State Road 314 from Belen to Albuquerque; New Mexico State Road 313 from Albuquerque to Bernalillo; New Mexico State Road 14 and New Mexico State Road 466 through Santa Fe; and New Mexico State Road 445 from Maxwell to US 64[5] Remnant US-85 signs can still be seen on Fourth Street in downtown Albuquerque, the original route through the city before I-25 was built.

The New Mexico Department of Transportation has removed US 85 from its route logs, but the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) retains US 85 on a concurrent alignment with I-10 and I-25 to maintain continuity with signed segments in Texas and Colorado.

Colorado

US 85 enters Colorado from New Mexico concurrent with I-25 but is not signed. US 85 leaves I-25 at Exit 128 and follows Santa Fe Avenue through Fountain before turning west briefly onto Lake Avenue, then turning north following Nevada Avenue through Colorado Springs before rejoining I-25 at Exit 148. Approaching the south side of Denver, US 85 again leaves I-25 at Exit 184. From there it heads west and north as a two lane rural highway. It becomes an expressway near Chatfield Lake and the southern Denver suburbs of Littleton and Englewood, where it's commonly known as Santa Fe Drive. It continues north through Denver for a few miles before once again joining with I-25 at mile marker 207. There it becomes a concurrency with US 87 as well as I-25 and heads north through downtown Denver. At exit 214, US 85 turns east and becomes a concurrency with I-70 and US 6 for about a mile where it exits with U.S. 6 and heads northeast through Commerce City. In just a few miles the US 6/US 85 concurrency merges with I-76 at mile marker 9. They travel concurrently for 3 miles (4.8 km) until exit 12 when US 85 becomes an expressway and continues north out of the Denver area through Brighton. From there it parallels I-25 for about 75 miles (121 km) passing through Fort Lupton, Platteville, Evans, Greeley, and Eaton before crossing into Wyoming.

Wyoming

US 85 enters Wyoming from Colorado 8 miles (13 km) south of Cheyenne. In Cheyenne it joins with Business Route 87, and a mile later with I-180 until it meets with US 30. The segment with I-180 is the only fully at-grade interstate route in the U.S.[6] At exit 12, it joins with I-25 and US 87 in a concurrency for 5 miles (8.0 km) until US 85 leaves at exit 17 and travels northeast towards Meriden. From there it heads north to Torrington, where it meets with US 26 and concurrencies for 10 miles (16 km) until Lingle, and 47 miles (76 km) later it meets US 20 and US 18 at Lusk. It shares the next 47 miles (76 km) with US 18 and 33 miles (53 km) later meets US 16 near Newcastle. From here it is 29 miles (47 km) until it enters South Dakota in the Black Hills.

South Dakota

The South Dakota section of US 85, with the exception of two concurrencies with US 14 Alternate and a concurrency with I-90, is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-181.[7]

US 85 enters the Black Hills from Wyoming and travels northeast until it meets with US 14 Alternate east. The two routes form a concurrency from there until I-90 where US 85 overlaps for 8 miles (13 km) while heading west. At exit 10, US 85 heads back north towards Belle Fourche where it crosses US 212. From there it continues to North Dakota passing only through the small towns of Redig, Buffalo, and Ludlow.

North Dakota

US 85 enters North Dakota in the southwest part of the state. The first city on its route is Bowman at the junction of US 12. Continuing north, it passes between North Dakota's two highest points, White Butte and Black Butte. Near Amidon US 85 heads east for 9 miles (14 km) before going back north along the Little Missouri National Grassland for about 125 miles (201 km). Near Belfield it junctions with I-94. After forming a concurrency with North Dakota Highway 200, it eventually passes through part of the scenic Badlands, crosses the Little Missouri River and passes near the Theodore Roosevelt National Park (North Unit).

Then, at Watford City it travels west for 16 miles (26 km) where it turns back north before Alexander. U.S. 85 continues north as North Dakota 200 turns west toward Montana. South of Williston it crosses the Missouri River. The stretch from Watford City to Williston is in the process of being converted into an undivided four-lane highway, and should be substantially completed in 2014. A few miles later it meets with US 2 where the two overlap for 19 miles (31 km) as an expressway, which now bypasses Williston to the northwest. After US 2 heads east, US 85 continues north to a concurrency with North Dakota Highway 5. From there it is 7 miles (11 km) to Fortuna where US 85 heads back north for its remaining 6 miles (9.7 km) to the U.S./Canada border.

History

What is now US 85 from El Paso, Texas to then-U.S. Route 66 (now SR 6) in Los Lunas, New Mexico (south of Albuquerque) was shown as U.S. Route 466 in an early 1925 plan for the U.S. Highway System. This north–south route was never signed in the field; instead, the route was designated as part of US 85. The number "466" was later used along another routing.

Major intersections

Texas
Benito Juárez Street and US 62 at the Mexican border in El Paso. US 62/US 85 travels concurrently through the city.
I-10 / US 180 in El Paso. The highways travel concurrently to the Las Cruces–University Park, New Mexico line.
New Mexico
I-10 / I-25 / US 180 on the Las Cruces–University Park line. I-25/US 85 shares a hidden concurrency to Fountain, Colorado.
US 70 in Las Cruces
US 380 west of San Antonio
US 60 in Socorro. The highways travel concurrently to south-southwest of Abeytas.
I-40 in Albuquerque
US 550 in Bernalillo
US 84 / US 285 south of Santa Fe. US 84/US 85 travels concurrently to Romeroville. US 85/US 285 travels concurrently to Eldorado at Santa Fe.
US 64 south of Raton. The highways travel concurrently to Raton.
US 64 / US 87 in Raton. US 85/US 87 travels concurrently to Fountain, Colorado.
Colorado
US 160 in Trinidad. The highways travel concurrently to Walsenburg.
US 50 in Pueblo. The highways travel concurrently through Pueblo.
I-25 / US 24 / US 87 in Colorado Springs
I-25 / US 87 in Colorado Springs. The highways travel concurrently to Castle Rock.
I-25 / US 87 in Denver. The highways travel concurrently through Denver.
US 6 in Denver. The highways travel concurrently to near Commerce City.
US 40 / US 287 in Denver
I-25 / I-70 / US 87 in Denver. I-70/US 85 travels concurrently through Denver.
I-270 / US 36 in Commerce City
US 34 in Evans. The highways travel concurrently to Greeley.
Wyoming
I-80 / I-180 on the Fox Farm-College–Cheyenne line. I-180/US 85 travels concurrently into Cheyenne proper.
I-180 / US 30 in Cheyenne
I-25 / US 87 in Cheyenne. The highways travel concurrently to Ranchettes.
US 26 in Torrington. The highways travel concurrently to Lingle.
US 18 / US 20 in Lusk. US 18/US 85 travels concurrently to the northeastern part of Niobrara County. US 20/US 85 travels concurrently through Lusk.
US 16 in Newcastle
South Dakota
US 385 in Deadwood
I-90 / US 14 in Spearfish. The highways travel concurrently to North Spearfish.
US 212 in Belle Fourche
North Dakota
US 12 in Bowman. The highways travel concurrently through Bowman.
I-94 in Belfield
US 2 west-southwest of Williston. The highways travel concurrently to north of Williston.
Hwy 35 at the Canada–United States border north-northwest of Fortuna

References

Route map: Bing / Google

  1. 1 2 Droz, Robert V. U.S. Highways : From US 1 to (US 830). URL accessed 02:55, 4 July 2006 (UTC).
  2. ↑ "U.S. Route Number Database" (December 2009 ed.). American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Retrieved 2011-02-17.
  3. ↑ []
  4. ↑ "http://nchrp20-7-228.com/State.aspx US Route Search, AASHTO, Mar 9, 2012". Retrieved 9 October 2014. External link in |title= (help)
  5. ↑ "US Highways in New Mexico". Retrieved May 22, 2009.
  6. ↑ "Interstate 180 Wyoming". Interstate-Guide. Retrieved 2013-01-26.
  7. ↑ "South Dakota Legislature". state.sd.us.
Browse numbered routes
← US 84TXSH 85 →
← US 84listSH 86 →
← I-80WYUS 87 →
← SD 85SDUS 85E →
← US 83NDND 89 →
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