United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice
The United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice is a United Nations congress on crime and criminal justice, held every five years. It is organized by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).[1]
The event was initially held in 1955, following the dissolution of the International Penal and Penitentiary Commission (IPPC) by the United Nations General Assembly in 1950. Initially called the United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, the current name was adopted in 2005.[1]
The antecedents of the Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice include the First International Congress on the Prevention and Repression of Crime, held at London in 1872.[2]
List of Congresses
The following are a list of past congresses.[1]
| Congress | Year | Host | Focus |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Congress | 1950 | Geneva, Switzerland | Adoption of Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners |
| 2nd Congress | 1955 | London, England, United Kingdom | juvenile delinquency; prison labor; parole; "criminality resulting from social change and economic development" |
| 3rd Congress | 1965 | Stockholm, Sweden | "technical assistance in the field of crime prevention and criminal justice and criminological research for the prevention of crime and for vocational training": recommended employment of United Nations regional advisers." |
| 4th Congress | 1970 | Kyoto, Japan | Social defense policy |
| 5th Congress | 1975 | Geneva, Switzerland | Crime as a business and organized crime; adoption of the Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Being Subjected to Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (which later became the United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment) |
| 6th Congress | 1980 | Caracas, Venezuela | Crime prevention "based on the social, cultural, political and economic circumstances of countries" and on development |
| 7th Congress | 1985 | Milan, Italy | Approved Milan Plan of Action, United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice, Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power, and Basic Principles on the Independence of the Judiciary; made recommendations on the treatment of foreign prisoners and the Model Agreement on the Transfer of Foreign Prisoners |
| 8th Congress | 1990 | Havana, Cuba | Approved model treaties on extradition, mutual assistance in criminal matters, transfer of proceedings in criminal matters, transfer of supervision of offenders conditionally sentenced or conditionally released"; United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for Non-custodial Measures, the Basic Principles for the Treatment of Prisoners, the United Nations Guidelines for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency, the United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty, the Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials, the Guidelines on the Role of Prosecutors; and the Basic Principles on the Role of Lawyers." |
| 9th Congress | 1995 | Cairo, Egypt | "international cooperation and practical technical assistance for strengthening the rule of law, action against transnational and organized crime, and the role of criminal law in the protection of the environment, criminal justice and police systems, and crime prevention strategies as related to crime in urban areas and juvenile and violent criminality." |
| 10th Congress | 2000 | Vienna, Austria | Delivered Vienna Declaration on Crime and Justice: Meeting the Challenges of the Twenty-first Century to the Millennium General Assembly |
| 11th Congress | 2005 | Bangkok, Thailand | transnational organized crime; "international cooperation against terrorism and links between terrorism and other criminal activities" |
| 12th Congress | 2010 | Salvador, Brazil[3] | Children, youth and crime; migrant smuggling; human trafficking; money-laundering; cybercrime. |
| 13th Congress | 2015 | Doha, Qatar | "Adopted the Doha Declaration on integrating crime prevention and criminal justice into the wider United Nations agenda to address social and economic challenges and to promote the rule of law at the national and international levels, and public participation."[4] |
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Previous Congresses, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
- ↑ International Penal and Penitentiary Commission (IPPC), United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
- ↑ Twelfth United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice (Salvador, Brazil, 12-19 April 2010),
- ↑ Doha Declaration Adopted, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
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