1958 Pacific typhoon season

1958 Pacific typhoon season
Season summary map
First system formed January 6, 1958
Last system dissipated December 8, 1958
Strongest storm1 Ida – 877 hPa (mbar), 325 km/h (200 mph)
Total depressions 24
Total storms 23
Typhoons 21
Super typhoons 8
Total fatalities Unknown
Total damage Unknown
1Strongest storm is determined by lowest pressure
Pacific typhoon seasons
1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960

The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the international date line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1958 Pacific hurricane season. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west pacific basin were assigned a name by the Fleet Weather Center on Guam.

Storms

Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale

Typhoon Ophelia

Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration January 6 – January 17
Peak intensity 260 km/h (160 mph) (1-min)  940 hPa (mbar)

At noon on December 31, a vortex was noted along the Intertropical Convergence Zone about 1,300 miles (2,100 km) south of Hawaii. On January 7, the relatively small tropical storm struck Jaluit Atoll within the southern Marshall Islands, killing 14 people. It rapidly intensified, and reached winds of 140 miles per hour (230 km/h) the next day. Conditions became unfavorable, and steadily weakened to 105 miles per hour (169 km/h) winds. Ponape was struck on January 10, where Ophelia tore off the roof of the United States Weather Bureau office. On January 11, Truk was struck. The Weather Bureau's inflation shelter was destroyed, with other buildings on site severely damaged. On the 12th, favorable conditions allowed Ophelia to reintensify, reaching a peak of 160 miles per hour (260 km/h) on the 13th. Ophelia severely impacted Yap on January 13, removing the Weather Bureau office's sheet metal roof and damaging the inflation building, theodolite, and radio antenna.[1] After maintaining that intensity for 18 hours, it quickly weakened as it drifted northward, and dissipated on the 17th. Typhoon Ophelia caused widespread on several islands of the Western Pacific.[2] Ophelia also killed nine people when a USAF WB-50 crashed during a recon flight into the storm on January 15.[3]

JMA Tropical Storm 02

Tropical Storm (SSHWS)
Duration April 29 – April 30
Peak intensity 90 km/h (55 mph) (1-min)  995 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm 02 developed on April 29. It struck Philippines before dissipating on the following day.

Typhoon Phyllis

Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration May 23 – June 2
Peak intensity 295 km/h (185 mph) (1-min)  940 hPa (mbar)

On May 29, Super Typhoon Phyllis attained a peak of 185 miles per hour (298 km/h), the strongest typhoon ever in the month of May. Phyllis remained over open waters, and dissipated on the 2nd to the southeast of Japan. Phyllis's record was surpassed by Typhoon Damrey in 2000.

JMA Tropical Storm 04

Tropical Storm (SSHWS)
Duration May 26 – June 6
Peak intensity 90 km/h (55 mph) (1-min)  990 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm 04 developed in the South China Sea on May 26. It struck the Chinese province of Guangdong and Hainan, before dissipating on June 6.

Typhoon Rita

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration June 7 – June 13
Peak intensity 140 km/h (85 mph) (1-min)  985 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Rita existed from June 7 to June 13

JMA Tropical Storm 06

Tropical Storm (SSHWS)
Duration June 8 – June 13
Peak intensity 70 km/h (45 mph) (1-min)  998 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm 06 developed on June 8. It crossed the Ryukyu Islands of Japan, before dissipating on June 13.

Typhoon Susan

Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration June 13 – June 17
Peak intensity 185 km/h (115 mph) (1-min)  985 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Susan existed from June 13 to June 17.

Typhoon Tess

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration June 28 – July 6
Peak intensity 140 km/h (85 mph) (1-min)  1000 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Tess developed in the vicinity of the Federated States of Micronesia on June 28. The storm moved generally west-northwestward and northwestward, reaching the Ryukyu Islands before dissipating on July 6.

Typhoon Viola

Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration July 8 – July 14
Peak intensity 185 km/h (115 mph) (1-min)  965 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Viola existed from July 8 to July 14.

Typhoon Winnie

Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration July 11 – July 17
Peak intensity 280 km/h (175 mph) (1-min)  925 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Winnie formed on July 12 to the east of Luzon. It moved northwestward, rapidly intensifying to a Category 4 typhoon within 12 hours. The typhoon weakened slightly, but rapidly strengthened to a 175-mile-per-hour (282 km/h) super typhoon just before hitting eastern Taiwan on the 15th. Winnie rapidly weakened over the mountainous terrain, and after crossing the Formosa Strait Winnie hit southeastern China. It continued to weaken over land, and dissipated on the 17th.[4] Winnie caused 31 casualties and 53 injuries in Taiwan while crossing.[5]

Tropical Storm Betty

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration July 13 – July 16
Peak intensity 110 km/h (70 mph) (1-min)  985 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Betty existed in the South China Sea from July 13 to July 16.

Typhoon Alice

Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration July 13 – July 24
Peak intensity 240 km/h (150 mph) (1-min)  925 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Alice developed on July 14 in the open western Pacific Ocean. It moved to the northwest and attained typhoon status on the 16th. Alice rapidly intensified on the 19th to a 150-mile-per-hour (240 km/h) super typhoon, and after turning to the northeast it weakened. Alice hit southeastern Japan on the 22nd, and became extratropical on the 24th near the Kamchatka Peninsula.[4] Alice was responsible for 41 deaths (with 8 missing) and 61 injuries in Hokkaidō.[5]

JMA Tropical Storm Fourteen

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration July 19 – July 25
Peak intensity 95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min)  992 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Fourteen developed in the South China Sea on July 19. It struck Fujian before dissipating on July 25.

Typhoon Doris

Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration July 22 – July 29
Peak intensity 240 km/h (150 mph) (1-min)  935 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Doris existed from July 22 to July 29.

JMA Typhoon 16

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration August 5 – August 11
Peak intensity 145 km/h (90 mph) (1-min)  995 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon 16 developed in the South China Sea on August 5. It struck China before dissipating on August 11.

Typhoon Elsie

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration August 4 – August 9
Peak intensity 140 km/h (85 mph) (1-min)  965 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Elsie existed from August 4 to August 9.

Typhoon Flossie

Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration August 21 – August 26
Peak intensity 165 km/h (105 mph) (1-min)  970 hPa (mbar)

On August 21, a tropical depression formed in the open ocean and moved northward. It reached tropical storm status later that day, and attained typhoon strength on the 22nd. Flossie peaked at 105 miles per hour (169 km/h) on the 22nd, and weakened to a 70-mile-per-hour (110 km/h) tropical storm just before hitting the southeastern coast of Japan on the 25th. Flossie turned to the east, and after becoming extratropical on the 26th the storm dissipated on the 27th.[4] The storm caused 15 casualties (with 30 missing) and 39 injuries in Tokyo.[5]

Typhoon Grace

Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration September 2 – September 10
Peak intensity 305 km/h (190 mph) (1-min)  905 hPa (mbar)

Another typhoon developed in the vicinity of the Federated States of Micronesia on August 29. The system moved northwestward and eventually strengthened into a super typhoon. Grace peaked with a minimum barometric pressure of 905 mbar (26.7 inHg). It later struck Zhejiang before becoming extratropical on September 5.

Typhoon Helen

Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration September 9 – September 20
Peak intensity 280 km/h (175 mph) (1-min)  920 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Helen, which formed on September 9, rapidly intensified to a 175-mile-per-hour (282 km/h) super typhoon on the 14th. It moved to the northeast, and steadily weakened until hitting southeastern Japan as a 105-mile-per-hour (169 km/h) typhoon on the 17th. It paralleled the Japanese coastline, and after turning northward it became extratropical on the 19th in the Sea of Okhotsk.[4] Helen's effects caused 24 fatalities (with 44 missing) and 108 injuries.[5]

Typhoon Ida

Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration September 20 – September 27
Peak intensity 325 km/h (200 mph) (1-min)  877 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Typhoon Ida (1958)

On September 20, Tropical Storm Ida formed in the central Western Pacific. It moved to the west, rapidly strengthening to a 115-mile-per-hour (185 km/h) typhoon by the next day. On the 22nd Ida turned to the north and quickly intensified, reaching super typhoon status on the 23rd and peak winds of 200 miles per hour (320 km/h) on the 24th. Such winds are speculative, due to the lack of satellite or quality in measurements, but Ida was likely a formidable typhoon with a record low pressure (at the time) of 877 mbar.[6] Ida weakened as it continued to the north-northeast, and made landfall on southeastern Honshū with winds of 80 miles per hour (130 km/h) on the 26th. It became extratropical the next day, and dissipated on the 28th to the east of the country.[4] Ida caused torrential flooding to southeastern Japan, resulting in over 1,900 mudslides. Damage along the coastline was extensive, including two small villages that were washed away completely. Nearly 500,000 were left homeless,[7] 888 were killed, 496 were injured, and 381 were missing from the storm.[8]

Typhoon June

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration September 20 – September 22
Peak intensity 120 km/h (75 mph) (1-min)  990 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon June existed from September 20 to September 22. It briefly crossed the dateline.

Typhoon Kathy

Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration October 21 – October 27
Peak intensity 185 km/h (115 mph) (1-min)  975 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Kathy developed just east of the Philippines on October 21. It moved across the islands and entered the South China Sea. There, the system strengthened, and subsequently dissipated on October 27.

Typhoon Lorna

Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration October 23 – November 3
Peak intensity 205 km/h (125 mph) (1-min)  940 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Lorna existed from October 23 to November 3.

Typhoon Marie

Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration October 26 – November 3
Peak intensity 220 km/h (140 mph) (1-min)  940 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Marie existed from October 26 to November 3.

Typhoon Nancy

Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration November 21 – November 26
Peak intensity 260 km/h (160 mph) (1-min)  920 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Nancy developed near Palau on November 21. The system strengthened into a super typhoon, peaking with a minimum barometric pressure of 920 mbar (27 inHg). Nancy dissipated on November 26.

Tropical Storm Pamela

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration November 30 – December 4
Peak intensity 85 km/h (50 mph) (1-min)  1000 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Pamela existed from November 30 to December 4.

Typhoon Olga

Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration December 2 – December 8
Peak intensity 230 km/h (145 mph) (1-min)  950 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Olga existed from December 2 to December 8.

1958 storm names

  • Agnes
  • Bess
  • Carmen
  • Della
  • Elaine
  • Faye
  • Gloria
  • Hester
  • Irma
  • Judy
  • Kit
  • Lola
  • Mamie
  • Nina
  • Ophelia
  • Phyllis
  • Rita
  • Susan
  • Tess
  • Viola
  • Winnie
  • Alice
  • Betty
  • Cora
  • Doris
  • Elsie
  • Flossie
  • Grace
  • Helen
  • Ida
  • June
  • Kathy
  • Lorna
  • Marie
  • Nancy
  • Olga
  • Pamela
  • Ruby
  • Sally
  • Tilda
  • Violet
  • Wilda
  • Anita
  • Billie
  • Clara
  • Dot
  • Ellen
  • Fran
  • Georgia
  • Hope
  • Iris
  • Joan
  • Kate
  • Louise
  • Marge
  • Nora
  • Opal
  • Patsy
  • Ruth
  • Sarah
  • Thelma
  • Vera
  • Wanda
  • Amy
  • Babs
  • Charlotte
  • Dinah
  • Emma
  • Freda
  • Gilda
  • Harriet
  • Ivy
  • Jean
  • Karen
  • Lucille
  • Mary
  • Nadine
  • Olive
  • Polly
  • Rose
  • Shirley
  • Trix
  • Virginia
  • Wendy

See also

References

  1. ↑ Staff (May 1958). "Three with One Blow" (PDF). Weather Bureau Topics (United States Weather Bureau): 90. Retrieved 2012-04-21.
  2. ↑ Bikini Atoll History
  3. ↑ Deadly Hurricane Hunter Flights
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 1958 Best Track
  5. 1 2 3 4 Deadly Typhoon Information
  6. ↑ Camille Info
  7. ↑ Time.com
  8. ↑ Digital Typhoon: Disaster Information

External links

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