Gorgie
Coordinates: 55°56′00″N 3°14′00″W / 55.9333°N 3.2333°W
Gorgie (/ˈɡɔːrɡiː/ GOR-gee) is a densely populated area of west Edinburgh, Scotland, located near Murrayfield, Ardmillan and Dalry.
Name
The name is thought to be Brythonic in origin. Early forms suggest it derives from gor gyn – upper wedge – which may refer to the tapering shape of the land between the Water of Leith and the Craiglockhart hills. An alternative derivation is 'big field' from Cumbric (Brythonic) gor cyn.[1]
History
Gorgie is recorded in 12th century charters of Holyrood Abbey,[2] when in 1236 it came into the possession of Sir William Livingston. In 1799, the Cox family who owned a mill bought most of the former estate from the residual Livingston family. They developed a glue factory on the site, which was redeveloped under a new Post Office Telecommunications telephone exchange in 1969. From 1527, the landowners lived in Gorgie House, situated on Alexander Drive. Its remnants were demolished in 1937, to allow construction of the Pooles Roxy cinema and some housing.[3]
Gorgie developed at a slower pace than nearby Dalry, allowing the continued operation of the 10 acres (4.0 ha) Gorgie pig farm until 1885. By 1800, only the area between Robertson Avenue and Saughton Park had any housing, served by a school and a church mission.[3]
Industry
With grain whisky consumption growing in the industrialised and railway connected Victorian era, independent distillers needed access to a high quality and high volume producer of grain whisky spirit.[4] In 1885, major shareholders Andrew Usher, William Sanderson and John M. Crabbie, with numerous other whisky-blenders as shareholders, established the North British Distillery Company, which bought the former pig farm, and began developing a distillery.[5]
The distillery gained access to the Edinburgh Suburban and Southside Junction Railway, which began developing a railway station in Gorgie. This brought about the 1888 development of Stewart Terrace, Wardlaw Place, Wardlaw Street, and the tenement flats of Tynecastle Terrace and Ardmillan Terrace; although Gorgie, west of Robertson Avenue, did not lose its rural character until the early 1900s.[3]
McVitie & Price Ltd was established in 1830 on Rose Street in Edinburgh. The firm moved to various sites in the city, before completing the St. Andrews Biscuit Works factory on Robertson Avenue in 1888.[6] Though the factory burned down in 1894, it was rebuilt the same year. It is one of the claimed sites of where the digestive biscuit was invented. The site was closed in 1969,[3] when production ceased and operations were transferred to Levenshulme in Manchester, and Harlesden in London. After closure, Ferranti occupied the buildings as an electronics factory until the 1980s.
In 1906, pharmaceutical research company T&H Smith Ltd moved from Canongate to the district. Now merged with two other Edinburgh-based medical research companies, they form leading global medicinal-opiate producer MacFarlan Smith.
The chemical plant of Cox's glue and gelatin works, and the Caledonian Brewery also developed in the area.
Present
Most of the large industrial works closed from the late 1960s to the mid-1980s, bringing high unemployment to the area. The recent refurbishment of many of the older buildings has brought a more cosmopolitan nature to the district, allowing it to retain several smaller businesses. There is also a secondary school, Tynecastle High School.
Gorgie City Farm [7] was established by local people in 1982 on the site of a derelict railway goods yard. Set up as a community project with the aim of improving education in agriculture, horticulture and rural crafts for people living in the area.[8]
In 2012 Gorgie was the centre of a Legionaires Disease outbreak believed to originate from factory cooling towers in the area.[9]
Representation
The Gorgie area is within the Edinburgh South West constituency for the Westminster Parliament and is represented by the Rt Hon Joanne Cherry MP of the Scottish National Party.[10]
At the Scottish Parliament, the area falls within Edinburgh Central, represented by Marco Biagi MSP of the Scottish National Party.
The area, as part of the Sighthill/Gorgie ward, elects four councillors to the City of Edinburgh Council. The current representation is: Denis Dixon and Catherine Fullerton (both Scottish National Party) and Eric Milligan and Donald Wilson (both Scottish Labour Party).
Transport
The area was traversed by both the Caledonian Railway and the North British Railway[11] and was served by Gorgie East Station (named Gorgie Station until 1952) on the Edinburgh Suburban and Southside Junction Railway. It was opened on 1 December 1884 and served the area until it was closed in 1962 when passenger rail services were withdrawn from the Edinburgh Suburban line as part of the British Railways rationalisation programme known as the Beeching Axe.
No trace of the station remains but the route continues to be used for freight services to this day, so freight trains avoid Edinburgh's main stations of Edinburgh Waverley and Edinburgh Haymarket, and occasionally diverted passenger trains also pass along this line.
Future
A local campaigning group, the Capital Rail Action Group (CRAG), ran a campaign for the ESSJR line to be re-opened to passenger services, and proposed that it should be operated either as a commuter rail service or as a light rail system to form an extension of the forthcoming Edinburgh Tram Network.[12] Following a petition submitted to the Scottish Parliament in 2007, the proposal was rejected in 2009 by transport planners due to anticipated cost.[13]
Heart of Midlothian F.C.
After Heart of Midlothian F.C. was formed in 1874, the club played at sites in the Meadows, Powburn and Powderhall.[14][15] Hearts first moved to Gorgie in 1881. This pitch stood on the site of the present-day Wardlaw Street and Wardlaw Terrace.[14][15] As this site was then regarded as being "out of town", Hearts would sometimes stage two matches for the price of one, or set an admission price much lower than Edinburgh derby rivals Hibernian.[14] In 1886, with the city continuing to expand, tenements replaced the old ground and Hearts moved across Gorgie Road to the present site,[14] which was leased from Edinburgh Corporation.[15] They still play today at Tynecastle Stadium in the Scottish Premiership, following promotion from the Scottish Championship; Hearts won the Championship in the 2014-15 season.[3]
See also
References
- ↑ Ross, David (2001) Scottish Place-names, Birlinn, Edinburgh ISBN 1-84158-173-9
- ↑ Harris, Stuart (2002). The Place Names of Edinburgh. Steve Savage Publishers Ltd. p. 278. ISBN 1-904246-06-0.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Gorgie". edinburghpastandpresent.com. Retrieved 2012-06-09.
- ↑ "Our History". North British Distillery Company Ltd. Retrieved 2012-06-08.
- ↑ "North British Distillery". scottish-places.info. Retrieved 2012-06-08.
- ↑ The National Archives of Scotland. "McVitie & Price, Ltd" (– Scholar search). Retrieved 2007-11-02.
- ↑ Gorgie City Farm Edinburgh — Just another WordPress site
- ↑ http://www.edinburghcompact.org.uk/_localOrganisations/showOrg.asp?orgID=226
- ↑ Legion bug gran fights for her life. - Free Online Library
- ↑ "Political Representatives For Gorgie Dalry & Edinburgh South West". thegd.org.uk. Retrieved 2012-06-09.
- ↑ Cant, Malcolm (2002). Old Gorgie. Stenlake Publishing Ltd. p. 3. ISBN 1-84033-212-3.
- ↑ "Reopening the South Sub" (PDF). Transform Scotland. March 2007. Retrieved 8 January 2010.
- ↑ "Public Petitions Committee Official Report". Scottish Parliament. 27 January 2009. Retrieved 8 January 2010.
- 1 2 3 4 Inglis 1996, p. 447
- 1 2 3 "Tynecastle Stadium: 1874-1891". www.heartsfc.co.uk (Heart of Midlothian F.C.). Retrieved 3 November 2011.
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