Turricula (gastropod)
| Turricula Temporal range: Cretaceous - Recent | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Fossil shells of Turricula dimidiata | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| (unranked): | clade Caenogastropoda cladeHypsogastropoda clade Neogastropoda |
| Superfamily: | Conoidea |
| Family: | Clavatulidae |
| Genus: | Turricula Schumacher, 1817 |
| Type species | |
| Turricula flammea Schumacher, 1817 | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Surcula H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 | |
Turricula is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Clavatulidae.[1]
Taxonomy
Clavatulidae was raised, based on cladistic analysis, from subfamily to the family level by Rosenberg in 1998. It remained regarded as a subfamily of Turridae by several malacologists (Kantor, Sysoev).[1] until a new publication in 2011 [2]
Fossil records
This genus is known in the fossil records from the Cretaceous to the Quaternary (age range: from 70.6 to 0.0 million years ago). Fossils of species within this genus have been found all over the world.[3]
Description
The turriculated shell is fusiform with a long spire. The anal sinus is situated in the infrasutural depression above the peripheral carina. The siphonal canal is long and slightly bent. The operculum has a medio-lateral nucleus. The eyes of the animal are situated at the base of the tentacles. Radula formula : 1-0-1.[4]
Species
Species within the genusTurricula include:[3][5]
- Turricula aethiopica (Thiele, 1925)
- Turricula amplisulcus (Barnard, 1958)
- Turricula ceylonica (Smith E. A., 1877)
- Turricula faurei (Barnard, 1958)
- Turricula gemmulaeformis (Thiele, 1925)
- Turricula granobalteus (Hedley, 1922)
- Turricula javana (Linnaeus, 1767)
- Turricula kamakurana (Pilsbry, 1895)
- Turricula navarchus (Melvill & Standen, 1903)
- Turricula nelliae (Smith E. A., 1877)
- Turricula profundorum (Smith E. A., 1896)
- Turricula scalaria (Barnard, 1958)
- Turricula sulcicancellata (Barnard, 1958)
- Turricula sumatrana (Thiele, 1925)
- Turricula thurstoni (Smith E. A., 1896)
- Turricula tornata (Dillwyn, 1817)
- Turricula turriplana (Sowerby III, 1903)
- † Turricula dimidiata Brocchi 1814[6]
- † Turricula eolavinia Olsson 1930
- † Turricula excelsa Bohm 1926
- † Turricula hanguensis Cox 1930
- † Turricula haydeni Cox 1930
- † Turricula kayalensis Dey 1961
- † Turricula promensis silistrensis Vredenburg 1921
- † Turricula promensis Vredenburg 1921
- † Turricula sethuramae Vredenburg 1921
- † Turricula spuria Hedley 1922
- † Turricula taurina Olsson 1922
- † Turricula terryi Olsson 1922
- † Turricula thangaensis Vredenburg 1921
- † Turricula wanneri (Tesch, 1915)
- Species brought into synonymy
- Turricula bijubata (Reeve, 1843): synonym of Turridrupa bijubata (Reeve, 1843)
- Turricula brunonia Dall, 1924: synonym of Veprecula brunonia (Dall, 1924)
- Turricula casta H. Adams, 1872: synonym of Vexillum castum (H. Adams, 1872)
- Turricula ensyuensis Shikama, 1977: synonym of Comitas ensyuensis (Shikama, 1977)
- Turricula flammea Schumacher, 1817 : synonym of Turricula javana (Linnaeus, 1767)
- Turricula hondoana Dall, 1925: synonym of Aforia circinata (Dall, 1873)
- Turricula kuroharai Oyama, 1962: synonym of Comitas kuroharai (Oyama, 1962)
- Turricula murrawolga Garrard, 1961: synonym of Comitas murrawolga (Garrard, 1961)
- Turricula lavinia Dall, 1919: synonym of Ptychobela lavinia (Dall, 1919)
- Turricula libya Dall, 1919: synonym of Tiariturris libya (Dall, 1919)
- Turricula murrawolga Garrard, 1961: synonym of Comitas murrawolga (Garrard, 1961)
- Turricula scalaria (Barnard, 1958): synonym of Makiyamaia scalaria (Barnard, 1958)
- Further investigation needed
- Turricula catena (species inquirenda)
References
- 1 2 3 World Register of Marine Species: Clavatulidae. accessed 1 April 2010.
- ↑ P. Bouchet, Yu. I. Kantor, A. Sysoev & N. Puillandre (2011). "A new operational classification of the Conoidea (Gastropoda)". Journal of Molluscan Studies 77 (3): 273–308. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyr017.
- 1 2 Fossilworks
- ↑ George Washington Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol. VI, p. 158; 1884 (described as the genus Surcula)
- ↑ WoRMS : Turricula; accessed : 28 August 2011
- ↑ Fossile