Cumberland slider

Cumberland slider
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Subclass:	Anapsida
Order:	Testudines
Family:	Emydidae
Genus:	Trachemys
Species:	T. scripta
Subspecies:	T. s. troostii
Trinomial name
Trachemys scripta troostii (Holbrook, 1836)
Synonyms[1]
Emys troostii Holbrook, 1836 Emys cumberlandensis Holbrook, 1840 Trachemys troostii Agassiz, 1857 Clemmys troostii Strauch, 1862 Pseudemys troostii Cope, 1875 Chrysemys troostii Boulenger, 1889 Pseudemys troosti Zeleny & Faust, 1915 (ex errore) Pseudemys scripta troostii Carr, 1937 Pseudemys troostii troostii Stejneger & Barbour, 1939 Pseudemys scripta troosti Williams, 1950 Chrysemys scripta troosti Weaver & Rose, 1967 Chrysemys scripta troostii Ernst & Barbour, 1972 Trachemys scripta troosti Iverson, 1985 Trachemys scripta troostii Iverson, 1986

The Cumberland slider (Trachemys scripta troostii) or Cumberland turtle, is a semiaquatic turtle (terrapin) of the family Emydidae.

Taxonomy

This subspecies of T. scripta was formerly placed in the genus Pseudemys. It is also known as the Cumberland turtle. It also occurs in a different geographic location from the yellow-bellied slider (Trachemys s. scripta). Intergradation does not occur between these two forms.

Description

The carapace is olive brown with yellow markings. It has two rounded projections on the posterior edge of the shell, and is slightly keeled. The adult carapace is wrinkled and oval-shaped. The plastron is hingeless and slightly smaller than the carapace. Each of the bottom sides of the marginals has a spot. The skin is brown with an olive to greenish tint with yellow striping. There is a distinct bar behind the eyes that can vary from yellow to red and be either thin or wide. The plastron of the turtle has dark spots, as well as the ridge of the carapace. Also, the plastron has bars or stripes of yellow. The turtle's legs in front have larger yellow stripes than most slider species, and the eyes have a yellow and orange stripe directly behind each eye. The stripe is never entirely one color, it starts out yellow and then fades into a dark orange-to-red color closer to the back of the neck.

Behavior

This turtle is a communal basker. It basks on protrusions out of the water and may bask in stacks or with other species. They are active from April to October. 'Slider' comes from their habit of sliding into the water when alarmed when basking, because they go to deep waters for safety where most predators cannot pursue them.

Habitat

It is found throughout the Mississippi and Tennessee River drainages, and the southeastern U.S. This species prefers quiet waters with muddy bottoms. Areas like ponds, lakes, and streams with a profusion of aquatic vegetation, organic substrate, and overhanging basking spots are especially favored. Most people agree the native lands of the Cumberland slider are in the Cumberland River Valley, ranging in Kentucky and Tennessee. But with the exotic animal trade, the Cumberland slider has become a common sight even into Alabama and Georgia.^[2]

Reproduction

This turtle breeding takes place in spring, fall, and winter months. The male and female go through a mating ritual where the male 'claws' at the female's face and his forelegs stiffen. The female then allows the male to mount. The females may go extremely far from the water to nest and are occasionally hit by cars while crossing roads. Females construct a nest, usually at night, in various soil types. Clutch size is 6-15 eggs with 71 percent of the females producing two clutches per year.

Diet

This turtle is omnivorous as an adult, but primarily carnivorous as a juvenile. The adults eat algae, fish, tadpoles, crayfish, seeds, plants, aquatic vegetation, insects, worms, and mollusks. This species, like all aquatic turtles, can only swallow food when in the water.

Care

Although it's quite common to see the animal in petstores, it requires attention and care to keep the animals healthy. Aquarium: The minimum recommended size of the aquarium for an adult is 120x40x60cm (48x15x23in) 55 gallon tank, with a water level of at least 40 cm (15 in). The difference between air and water temperature must not exceed 5 degrees in both directions.

References

1. ↑ Fritz Uwe; Peter Havaš (2007). "Checklist of Chelonians of the World". Vertebrate Zoology 57 (2): 208. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-12-17. Retrieved 29 May 2012. 
2. ↑ http://www.ben.edu/museum/cumberlandslider.asp

Family Emydidae (pond turtles) Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Reptilia Order: Testudines Suborder: Cryptodira Superfamily: Testudinoidea Family: Emydidae Genus Species of the subfamily Deirochelyinae Chrysemys Painted turtle Deirochelys Chicken turtle Graptemys Alabama map turtle Barbour's map turtle Black-knobbed map turtle Cagle's map turtle Escambia map turtle False map turtle Northern map turtle Ouachita map turtle Pascagoula map turtle Pearl River map turtle Ringed map turtle Texas map turtle Yellow-blotched map turtle Malaclemys Diamondback terrapin Pseudemys Alabama red-bellied cooter Northern red-bellied cooter Florida red-bellied cooter Peninsula cooter Rio Grande cooter River cooter Texas river cooter Trachemys Big bend slider Baja California slider Central Antillean slider Colombian slider Cuatro Cienegas slider Cuban slider D'Orbigny's slider Hispaniolan slider Jamaican slider Maranhão slider Meso-American slider Nicaraguan slider Ornate slider Pond slider Yaqui slider   Species of the subfamily Emydinae Clemmys Spotted turtle Emys Blanding's turtle European pond turtle Sicilian pond turtle Western pond turtle Glyptemys Bog turtle Wood turtle Terrapene Coahuilan box turtle Common box turtle Ornate box turtle Spotted box turtle Phylogenetic arrangement based on turtles of the world 2011 update: annotated checklist. Subspecies and the extinct (Gyremys sectabilis) are not included.