Katō Tomosaburō

Katō Tomosaburō
加藤 友三郎
12th Prime Minister of Japan
In office 12 June 1922 – 24 August 1923
Monarch	Hirohito (Regent)
Preceded by	Takahashi Korekiyo
Succeeded by	Uchida Kosai (Acting)
Personal details
Born	(1861-02-22)22 February 1861 Hiroshima Domain, Aki Province, Japan
Died	24 August 1923(1923-08-24) (aged 62) Tokyo, Japan
Resting place	Aoyama Cemetery, Tokyo
Political party	Independent
Alma mater	Imperial Japanese Naval Academy
Awards	Order of the Chrysanthemum (Grand Cordon)
Signature
Military service
Allegiance	Empire of Japan
Service/branch	Imperial Japanese Navy
Years of service	1873–1923
Rank	Marshal Admiral
Commands	Combined Fleet
Battles/wars	First Sino-Japanese War Russo-Japanese War Battle of Tsushima

Marshal-Admiral Viscount Katō Tomosaburō (加藤 友三郎, 22 February 1861 – 24 August 1923^[1]) was a career officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy, cabinet minister, and Prime Minister of Japan from 12 June 1922 to 24 August 1923.

Biography

Born in Hiroshima, Aki Province (modern Hiroshima Prefecture) to a samurai family, Katō enrolled in the 7th class Imperial Japanese Naval Academy and graduated second out of a class of 30 cadets. He specialized in both in naval artillery and in navigation.

Naval career

After his commissioning as lieutenant, Katō served on the corvette Tsukuba in 1887, followed by the cruiser Takachiho. During the First Sino-Japanese War, he served in a combat position as gunnery officer on the cruiser Yoshino. After the end of the war, he served in numerous staff positions before promotion to commander. He was executive officer on the battleship Yashima, and captain of the Tsukushi. He was promoted to rear admiral on 1 September 1904.

During the Russo-Japanese War, Katō served as chief of staff to Admiral Tōgō Heihachirō on the battleship Mikasa, assisting in Japan's victory at the Battle of Tsushima. During this time, he suffered from a very weak stomach, and was vomiting as he issued orders throughout the battle, despite having taken large amounts of medication.

Katō became Vice Minister of the Navy in 1906, and was promoted to vice admiral on 28 August 1908. In 1909, he was appointed commander of the Kure Naval District, and in 1913 became Commander in Chief of the Combined Fleet.

Katō became Minister of the Navy in August 1915, days before his promotion to full admiral on 28 August 1915. He served in this post in the cabinets of Ōkuma Shigenobu, Terauchi Masatake, Hara Takashi, and Takahashi Korekiyo. Under Hara and Takahashi, Katō was Japan's chief commissioner plenipotentiary to the Washington Naval Conference, and worked with Ambassador Shidehara Kijurō in the negotiations that led to the Five-Power Treaty.

As Prime Minister

Following his return to Japan, Katō was appointed 21st Prime Minister of Japan in recognition of his performance at the Washington Naval Conference. His cabinet consisted mainly of bureaucrats and members of the House of Peers, which proved unpopular with the Imperial Japanese Army. During his tenure as prime minister, Katō implemented the provisions of the Washington Naval Agreement, withdrew Japanese forces from Shantung in China and ended Japanese participation in the Siberian Intervention. Katō succumbed to late-stage colon cancer and died a little over a year into his term.

Katō was given the honorary rank of Marshal Admiral the day before his death, and posthumously awarded the Grand Cordon of the Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum and his title raised to shishaku (viscount).

His death came only a week before the Great Kantō earthquake of 1923, and therefore Japan was without a prime minister during that disaster.

Katō's grave is at Aoyama Cemetery, Tokyo.

Honors

From the corresponding article in the Japanese Wikipedia

• Order of the Golden Kite, 2nd class (1 April 1906)
• Grand Cordon of the Order of the Sacred Treasure (28 November 1913)
• Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun (14 July 1916)
• Baron (7 September 1920)
• Grand Cordon of the Order of the Paulownia Flowers (7 September 1920)
• Grand Cordon of the Order of the Chrysanthemum (24 August 1923; posthumous)
• Viscount (24 August 1923; posthumous)

References

Books

• Agawa, Hiroyuki (2000). The Reluctant Admiral: Yamamoto and the Imperial. Kodansha International. ISBN 4-7700-2539-4. 
• Dupuy, Trevor N. (1992). Encyclopedia of Military Biography. I B Tauris & Co Ltd. ISBN 1-85043-569-3. 

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Katō Tomosaburō.

• Nishida, Hiroshi. "Kato Tomosaburo". Imperial Japanese Navy. Retrieved 2007-08-03. 

Notes

Prime Ministers of Japan (List) H. Itō Kuroda Sanjō Yamagata Matsukata H. Itō Kuroda Matsukata H. Itō Ōkuma Yamagata H. Itō Saionji Katsura Saionji Katsura Saionji Katsura Yamamoto Ōkuma Terauchi Hara Uchida Takahashi To. Katō Uchida Yamamoto Kiyoura Ta. Katō Wakatsuki G. Tanaka Hamaguchi Shidehara Hamaguchi Wakatsuki Inukai Takahashi Saitō Okada Gotō Okada Hirota Hayashi Konoe Hiranuma N. Abe Yonai Konoe Tōjō Koiso K. Suzuki Higashikuni Shidehara Yoshida Katayama Ashida Yoshida I. Hatoyama Ishibashi Kishi Ikeda Satō K. Tanaka Miki T. Fukuda Ōhira M. Itō Z. Suzuki Nakasone Takeshita Uno Kaifu Miyazawa Hosokawa Hata Murayama Hashimoto Obuchi Aoki Mori Koizumi S. Abe Y. Fukuda Asō Y. Hatoyama Kan Noda S. Abe Italics denote acting Prime Ministers

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