Todmorden Unitarian Church

Todmorden Unitarian Church
Todmorden Unitarian Church
Todmorden Unitarian Church Location in West Yorkshire
Coordinates: 53°42′40″N 2°05′56″W / 53.7111°N 2.0990°W / 53.7111; -2.0990
OS grid reference	SD 935 239
Location	Honey Hole Road, Todmorden, West Yorkshire
Country	England
Denomination	Unitarian
Website	Todmorden Unitarian Church
History
Founded	1865
Founder(s)	Joshua, John (junior) and Samuel Fielden
Architecture
Functional status	Redundant
Heritage designation	Grade I
Designated	22 November 1966
Architect(s)	John Gibson
Architectural type	Church
Style	Gothic Revival
Groundbreaking	1865
Completed	1869
Construction cost	£35,000 (£3,070,000 in 2016)
Closed	1987
Specifications
Spire height	196 feet (60 m)
Materials	Stone with slate roof

Todmorden Unitarian Church was a redundant Unitarian church, which is located in Honey Hole Road, Todmorden, West Yorkshire, England (grid reference SD935239), but it is now holding services again. It occupies an elevated position overlooking the town. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building,^[1] and is under the care of the Historic Chapels Trust.^[2]

Early history

The Unitarian movement originated in Todmorden in the early 19th century, and one of their prominent members was John Fielden, a local mill owner and a social reformer, who later became a Member of Parliament.^[3] Because of his work, Fielden has been nicknamed "Honest John".^[4] The Unitarians built their first chapel and school in 1823 and the congregation steadily increased in size. Fielden died in 1849. After his death the Unitarian community continued to grow and the chapel became inadequate for their needs.^[3] In 1865 building of a new church started. This was built in memory of John Fielden and paid for by his three sons, Joshua, John (junior) and Samuel.^[2] It was built on land they owned at Honey Hole. "Money was no object to these brothers" and the resulting building, costing over £35,000 (equivalent to £3,070,000 in 2016),^[5] was large and splendid, and was built using the best quality materials.^[3] The church was completed in 1869 and at its opening service in April of that year the first sermon was preached to a congregation of 800 by William Gaskell, widower of the novelist Elizabeth Gaskell.^[3] A lodge (or gatehouse) was built at the same time as the church.^[6]

Architecture

Structure

The church was designed by John Gibson. Gibson had previously worked for the Fielden family and had designed Dobroyd Castle for John Fielden (junior) on the opposite side of the valley.^[4] It is constructed in stone with a slate roof. Its plan consists of a seven-bay nave with aisles, transepts, a single-bay chancel, a porch, and a large tower with a spire. It is in Gothic style. At the west end is an elaborate rose window and at the east end is a five-light window. The nave windows have two lights with traceried heads. Along the nave wall are buttresses and a string course carved with flowers. The tower is in three stages with angle buttresses and two-light bell openings. Its lowest stage forms an open porch. On top of the tower are pinnacles and an octagonal spire containing tall lucarnes. Internally the arcades consist of pointed arches carried on Devonshire marble columns.^[1]

Fittings and furniture

The choir stalls and pews are carved with tracery and have poppyheads. The pulpit is constructed in differing coloured marbles. The font has a carved white marble bowl. In the chancel window is stained glass by Jean-Baptiste Capronnier of Belgium that depicts scenes from the life of Christ. There are memorial tablets to the founders of the church in the aisles. Also in the aisles are gas brackets that have been converted to electricity, and there are candelabras in the choir stalls.^[1] There is a ring of eight bells, all cast in 1868 by Mears and Stainbank of the Whitechapel Bell Foundry.^[7] Also in the tower is a clock and a carillon.^[2]

Church bells undergoing restoration

Later history and present day

The Unitarian congregation continued to thrive into the 20th century but, as the century progressed, its size declined and it became increasingly difficult to raise funds to keep the church going. It finally closed in 1987.^[3] Services continued to be held in the lodge, but these ended in 1992. After the church closed its fabric deteriorated due to a combination of decay and vandalism. It was acquired in 1994 by the Historic Chapels Trust.^[4] The Trust has carried out a £1 million programme of repairs. These have included repair of the church roofs, stained glass, clock and peal of bells, restoration of the lodge and the interior of the tower, and the installation of a new heating system, toilets and kitchen. The surrounding historic landscape, including the burial ground, have also been restored.^[2] Services began again in 2008 and continue.^[8] The church is licensed for weddings.^[9] The church is still listed as a member of the General Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches, the umbrella organisation for British Unitarians.^[10] It is currently the location of regular meetings of the Incredible Edible Todmorden project.

Associated buildings

The church is set on a steep slope, surrounded by ornamental gardens, and has a wooded, landscaped burial ground.^[2] The lodge associated with the church is a Grade II listed building. It is in a single storey and constructed in stone with a slate roof. Its plan is T-shaped, the projecting wing having two steep gables, a Gothic-style doorway, and a canted bay window.^[6] The original Unitarian chapel and Sunday school in Wellfield Terrace is also listed Grade II.^[11] It also has a burial ground, and this contains the grave of John Fielden.^[3]

See also

• Grade I listed buildings in West Yorkshire
• Grade I listed churches in West Yorkshire
• List of chapels preserved by the Historic Chapels Trust

References