Timeline of Miami
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Miami in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States.
- This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
Prior to 20th century
| History of Florida | |
|---|---|
|
The seal of Florida reflects the state's Native American ancestry | |
| Historical Periods | |
| Pre-history | until 1497 |
| Spanish Rule | 1513–1763 |
| British Rule | 1763–1783 |
| Spanish Rule | 1783–1821 |
| U.S. Territorial Period | 1822–1845 |
| Statehood | 1845–present |
| Major Events | |
| American Revolutionary War | 1775–1783 |
| War of 1812 | 1811–1814 |
| First Seminole War | 1817–1818 |
| Capitol moved to Tallahassee | 1824 |
| Second Seminole War | 1835–1842 |
| Constitutional convention | 1838 |
| Third Seminole War | 1855–1858 |
| Ordinance of Secession | 1861 |
| Civil War | 1861–1865 |
| 3rd Constitution | 1865 |
| Reconstruction | 1865–1868 |
| 4th Constitution | 1868 |
| 5th Constitution | 1885 |
| Great Migration | 1910–1930 |
| Land Boom | 1925–1929 |
| 6th Constitution | 1968 |
| Gore v. Harris 2000 Presidential Election | 2000 |
| Timeline | |
- 1870 - William Brickell establishes a trading post on the south side of the Miami River.[1]
- 1880 - Population: county 100.[1]
- 1884 - The first hotel, The Peacock Inn, is established in Coconut Grove.[1]
- 1886
- Ralph Munroe builds a home on the bay in Coconut Grove.
- Kirk Munroe establishes a home in Coconut Grove.
- 1889 - Teaching begins in the first school building in Coconut Grove.
- 1891 - Julia Tuttle moves to Miami.[1]
- 1895 - The first public library is established in Coconut Grove by the ladies of the Pine Needles Club.
- 1896
- Miami incorporated; John B. Reilly becomes mayor.[2]
- Florida East Coast Railway (Jacksonville-Miami) arrives in Miami.[1]
- Miami Metropolis newspaper begins publication.[3]
- Biscayne Hotel built.[2]
- 1897
- Royal Palm Hotel in business.[4]
- City of Miami Cemetery established.
- 1898
- Burdines in business.
- David Fairchild establishes the USDA Plant Introduction Garden.
- 1899 - Dade County seat relocated to Miami from Juno.[1]
20th century
1900s-1940s
- 1900
- Flagler Public Library, Miami Board of Trade, and Woman's Club founded.[1]
- Population: 1,681.
- 1902 - Carpenters Local 993 labor union established.[5]
- 1903
- John Sewell becomes mayor.
- Ransom Everglades School is established in Coconut Grove.
- The Miami Herald newspaper begins publication.[1]
- 1906
- 1909
- City Hall built.[1]
- Lummus Park opens.
- 1910 - Population: 5,471; county 11,933.
- 1912 - Airport established near Miami.[1]
- 1913
- Bridge to Miami Beach constructed.[1]
- Lyric Theater opens.
- 1914 - Construction of Vizcaya begins.
- 1915
- Miami Chamber of Commerce established.[6]
- Town of Miami Beach incorporated near Miami.
- 1916 - David Fairchild establishes The Kampong, his winter home in Coconut Grove.
- 1917 - Elser Pier opens.[7]
- 1918 - Airdrome Theatre and Strand Theatre open.[8]
- 1919
- 1920
- Universal Negro Improvement Association chapter established.[10]
- Population: 29,549; county 42,753.
- 1921 - Commission-manager form of government adopted.[1]
- 1923 - Miami Times newspaper begins publication.[3]
- 1924
- Buena Vista becomes part of Miami.
- Fotosho Theatre opens.[8]
- 1925
- Allapattah, Coconut Grove,[1] Lemon City, Silver Bluff, and West Little River become part of Miami.
- Bayfront Park opens.
- Towns of Coral Gables and Hialeah incorporated near Miami.
- University of Miami established in Coral Gables.
- 1926
- January 10: Prinz Valdemar ship sinks offshore.
- September: Hurricane.
- Player's State Theater built.[11]
- Booker T. Washington High School, Olympia Theater, and Tower Theater open.
- Town of Miami Shores incorporated near Miami.
- Wometco - first movie theater, the Capital, opens.
- 1927
- Flagler Theater opens.[8]
- E. G. Sewell becomes mayor.
- Greater Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church built.
- 1928
- Pan American Field (airfield) begins operating.
- Dade County Agricultural High school built.
- Al Capone buys a home in Miami Beach.
- 1929 - Sears, Roebuck and Company Department Store opens.[6]
- 1930 - Miami Civic Center opens.[6]
- 1933
- February 15: Chicago mayor Anton Cermak killed by anarchist in Bayfront Park.
- E. G. Sewell becomes mayor again.
- Ryder, the truck leasing company, founded in Miami.
- 1935
- January 1: Orange Bowl football contest begins.
- November: Hurricane.[1]
- 1937 - Miami Municipal Airport, Burdine Stadium, and Liberty Square (housing complex)[12] open.
- 1938 - Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden opens to the public.
- 1939 - E. G. Sewell becomes mayor yet again.
- 1940
- Historical Museum of Southern Florida established.[13]
- Population: 172,172; county 267,739.
- 1941 - Dorsey Memorial Library opens.
- 1942 - May: Portero del Llano ship sinks offshore.[14]
- 1943 - Urban League of Greater Miami established.[15]
- 1946 - National Association for the Advancement of Colored People branch established in Liberty City.[16]
- 1948 - Coconut Grove Citizens Committee for Slum Clearance[16] and Civil Rights Congress chapter organized.[17]
1950s-1990s
- 1950 - Population: 249,276; county 495,084.
- 1952 - Museum of Science and Natural History opens on Bayshore Drive.
- 1953
- Diario Las Américas Spanish-language newspaper begins publication.[3]
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute founded in Miami.
- 1954 - Burger King founded in Miami.
- 1957
- DuPont Plaza Hotel opens for business.
- Robert King High elected mayor of Miami.
- 1958 - Catholic Diocese of Miami established.[18]
- 1959
- City public schools racially desegregated.[14]
- Dade County Junior College and Centro Hispano Católico[18] founded.
- Miami International Airport dedicated.[14]
- 1960 - Population: 291,688; county 935,047.
- 1961 - Colegio de Belén relocates to Miami from Cuba.
- 1964
- February 25. Cassius Clay defeats Sonny Liston for heavyweight champion of the world.
- Chuck Hall becomes mayor of Dade County.
- 1965
- Cuban exiles begin to arrive in city via U.S.-sponsored "freedom flights".[19][20]
- Florida International University established.
- 1968
- August 5–8: 1968 Republican National Convention held in nearby Miami Beach.
- August 7–8: Unrest in Liberty City.[19][21]
- Miami Pop Festivals held near city.
- 1970
- David T. Kennedy becomes mayor of city; Stephen P. Clark becomes mayor of Dade County.
- Population: 334,859; county 1,267,792.
- 1971 - Latin Chamber of Commerce established.[22]
- 1972
- August: 1972 Republican National Convention held in nearby Miami Beach.
- One Biscayne Tower built.
- Jack Orr becomes mayor of Dade County.
- 1973
- Maurice Ferre becomes city mayor.
- April: U.S.-sponsored "freedom flight" arrivals to Miami of Cuban exiles ends.[19]
- 1974
- Stephen P. Clark becomes mayor of Dade County again.
- Spanish American League Against Discrimination headquartered in city.[23]
- 1975
- The Bee Gees move to Miami Beach.
- 1976
- El Miami Herald Spanish-language newspaper begins publication.[3]
- Bicentennial Park opens.
- 1977
- Black Archives History & Research Foundation of South Florida headquartered in city.[24]
- Omni International Mall in business.
- 1980
- May: race riots in Overtown and Liberty City after the death of Arthur McDuffie.
- April–October: Cubans arrive in city via Mariel boatlift.
- Miami MetroZoo opens near city.[25]
- 1981
- Palace apartment building constructed.
- Cuban American National Foundation headquartered in city.
- 1982 - Knight International Center (convention center) opens.
- 1983
- The movie Scarface is filmed in Miami.
- Christo unveils Surrounded Islands.
- 1984
- Metrorail begins operating.
- Center for Fine Arts founded.
- Miami International Film Festival begins.
- Southeast Financial Center built on Biscayne Boulevard.
- Fictional Miami Vice television program begins national broadcast.
- First edition of the Miami International Book Fair.
- 1985
- Miami SunPost newspaper begins publication.
- Xavier Suarez becomes city mayor.
- Stephen P. Clark Government Center built.
- The Golden Girls, a television sitcom, begins its seven-year run.
- Miami City Ballet debuts.
- 1986 - Lincoln Center built.
- 1987
- November: Pope John Paul II visits city.
- Miami Tower built.
- 1989 - Nelson Mandela visits city.[26]
- 1990
- Knight Foundation headquartered in city.
- Population: 358,548;[27] county 1,937,094.
- 1992 - August: Hurricane Andrew.
- 1993 - Stephen P. Clark becomes city mayor.
- 1994
- Eleventh Street (Metromover station) opens.
- 1st Summit of the Americas held in city.
- 1996
- Willy Gort becomes mayor of city, succeeded by Joe Carollo; Alex Penelas becomes mayor of Dade County.
- City website online (approximate date).[28]
- Liberty City Charter School established.[29]
- 1997
- November: Mayoral election held.[30][31]
- Dade County renamed Miami-Dade County.
- 1998
- January: Xavier Suarez becomes mayor again.
- March: Mayoral election results of 1997 judged invalid;[31] Carollo becomes mayor again.[32]
- 1999
- American Airlines Arena opens.
- Ultra Festival begins.
21st century
2000s
- 2000
- Elián González affair.
- Population: 362,470; county 2,253,362.
- Town of Miami Lakes incorporated near Miami.
- 2001 - Manny Diaz becomes city mayor.
- 2002 - Art Basel begins in Miami Beach.
- 2003
- Four Seasons Hotel Miami built.
- City of Miami Gardens incorporated near Miami.
- 2004 - Carlos Alvarez becomes mayor of Miami-Dade County.
- 2006 - Carnival Center opens.
- 2007
- Ferguson U.S. Courthouse built.[33]
- Fictional Burn Notice television series begins its seven-year run.
- 2008 - Marquis Residences and 900 Biscayne Bay built on Biscayne Boulevard.
- 2009 - Tomás Regalado becomes city mayor.
2010s
- 2010
- Port of Miami Tunnel construction begins.
- Population: 399,457; county 2,496,435; metro 5,564,635.[34]
- 2011
- Carlos A. Giménez becomes mayor of Miami-Dade County.
- Vice City Rollers (roller derby league) formed.[35]
- 2015 - Marco Rubio presidential campaign, 2016 headquartered in Miami.
See also
- History of Miami, Florida
- List of mayors of Miami
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Miami, Florida
- Government of Miami-Dade County
- Other cities in Florida
- Timeline of Jacksonville, Florida
- Timeline of Orlando, Florida
- Timeline of Tampa, Florida
- Timeline of St. Petersburg, Florida
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Federal Writers’ Project 1941, p. 180.
- 1 2 3 4 Blackman 1921.
- 1 2 3 4 "US Newspaper Directory". Chronicling America. Washington DC: Library of Congress. Retrieved October 16, 2013.
- ↑ "Florida", Rand, McNally & Co.'s Handy Guide to the Southeastern States, Chicago and New York: Rand, McNally & Co., 1899
- ↑ Castillo 2004.
- 1 2 3 Robin F. Bachin (ed.). "Miami Timeline: WWI-1930s". Travel, Tourism, & Urban Growth in Greater Miami. University of Miami. (published circa 2006?)
- ↑ Bush 1999.
- 1 2 3 "Movie Theaters in Miami, FL". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved October 16, 2013.
- ↑ Miami Daily Metropolis, March 15, 1921
- ↑ Shell-Weiss 2005.
- ↑ "Historic Theatre Inventory". Maryland, USA: League of Historic American Theatres. Retrieved October 16, 2013.
- ↑ Mohl 2001.
- ↑ American Association for State and Local History (2002). Directory of Historical Organizations in the United States and Canada (15th ed.). ISBN 0759100020.
- 1 2 3 Robin F. Bachin (ed.). "Miami Timeline: WWII-1950s". Travel, Tourism, & Urban Growth in Greater Miami. University of Miami. (published circa 2006?)
- ↑ "About Us". Miami: Urban League of Greater Miami. Retrieved October 16, 2013.
- 1 2 Rose 2007.
- ↑ Mohl 1999.
- 1 2 Badillo 2002.
- 1 2 3 Robin F. Bachin (ed.). "Miami Timeline: 1960s-1990s". Travel, Tourism, & Urban Growth in Greater Miami. University of Miami. (published circa 2006?)
- ↑ Luisa Yanez (December 16, 2008). "Miami Herald database tracks those who came on Freedom Flights". Miami Herald.
- ↑ Miami report: the report of the Miami Study Team on civil disturbances in Miami, Florida during the week of August 5, 1968, Washington, DC, 1969,
Submitted to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence
- ↑ Croucher 1997.
- ↑ "History". Miami: Spanish American League Against Discrimination. Retrieved October 16, 2013.
Españoles de la Liga Americana Contra la Discriminación
- ↑ "About". Miami: The Black Archives. Retrieved October 16, 2013.
- ↑ "Garden Search: United States". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved August 2015.
- ↑ Grenier 1999.
- ↑ Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990, US Census Bureau, 1998
- ↑ "City of Miami, Florida Official Web Site". Archived from the original on December 1996 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
- ↑ "Miami Charter School Hailed by Jeb Bush Ended in Ruin", New York Times, March 7, 2015
- ↑ "$10 Buys One Vote", Miami Herald, January 11, 1998 – via Pulitzer Prizes, Columbia University
- 1 2 "Fraud Ruling Invalidates Miami Mayoral Election", New York Times, March 5, 1998
- ↑ "Court Reinstates Carollo As Miami's Mayor", CNN, March 11, 1998
- ↑ Wilkie D. Ferguson, Jr. United States Courthouse, Miami, Florida, Washington, D.C.: U.S. General Services Administration, 2007
- ↑ "Largest Urbanized Areas With Selected Cities and Metro Areas (2010)". US Census Bureau. 2012.
- ↑ "Miami Roller Derby".
Bibliography
Published in the 20th century
1900s-1940s
- Miami City Directory (Miami, Fla., 1904)
- "Miami of Today", Florida East Coast Homeseeker 10, March 1908
- "Points of Interest in Miami, Fla.". Automobile Blue Book 6. 1919. map
- Miami City Directory. R.L. Polk & Co. 1920.
- E. V. Blackman (1921), Miami and Dade County, Florida, Washington, D.C.: V. Rainbolt, OCLC 1580474
- Daniel Decatur Moore; et al., eds. (1922). "Miamia". Men of the South. New Orleans: Southern Biographical Association.
- Kenneth L. Roberts (April 29, 1922), "Tropical Growth", Saturday Evening Post, p. 8+
- Isador Cohen, Historical Sketches and Sidelights of Miami (Miami, Fla., 1925)
- Munroe, Ralph Middleton and Gilpin, Vincent. The Commodore's Story. New York, NY: Ives Washburn, 1930. OCLC 001615563
- T. H. Weigall, Boom in Paradise (New York, 1932)
- John Sewell (1933). Memoirs and History of Miami. Miami.
- Federal Writers’ Project (1939). Florida: a Guide to the Southernmost State. American Guide Series. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 207+.
- Federal Writers’ Project (1941). "Chronology". Planning Your Vacation in Florida Miami and Dade County. American Guide Series. Northport, NY: Bacon, Percy & Daggett.
1950s-1990s
- Helen Muir, Miami, U. S. A. (New York, 1953)
- Ruby Leach Carson, "Miami: 1896 to 1900," Tequesta, XVI (1956)
- James E. Buchanan (1978), Howard B. Furer, ed., Miami: a chronological & documentary history, 1513-1977, American Cities Chronology Series, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.: Oceana Publications, ISBN 0379006162
- Paul S. George, "Colored Town: Miami's Black Community, 1896-1930," Florida Historical Quarterly (April 1978)
- Paul George, "Passage to a New Eden," Florida Historical Quarterly, 59 (1981)
- Thelma Peters (1985), Miami, 1909, With Excerpts from Fannie Clemons' Diary, Miami, Fla.
- T. D. Allman, Miami: City of the Future (New York, 1987)
- Raymond A. Mohl (Spring 1987). "Trouble in Paradise: Race and Housing in Miami during the New Deal Era". Prologue: The Journal of the National Archives 19.
- David Rieff (1987), Going to Miami: exiles, tourists, and refugees in the new America, London: Bloomsbury, ISBN 0747500649
- Arva Moore Parks. Miami: The magic city. Miami: Centennial Press, 1991.
- Guillermo J. Grenier and Alex Stepick III, eds., Miami Now! Immigration, Ethnicity, and Social Change (Gainesville, Fla., 1992)
- Alejandro Portes and Alex Stepick. 1993. City on the Edge: The Transformation of Miami. Berkeley: University of California Press.
- Paul S. George (Summer 1996). "Miami: One Hundred Years of History". South Florida History 24 (2).
- Sheila L. Croucher (1997), Imagining Miami: ethnic politics in a postmodern world, Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, ISBN 0813917042
- Marvin Dunn, Black Miami in the Twentieth Century (Gainesville, FL, 1997)
- Jan Nijman (1997). "Globalization to a Latin Beat: The Miami Growth Machine". Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 551. JSTOR 1047945.
- Gregory W. Bush (1999). ""Playground of the USA": Miami and the Promotion of Spectacle". Pacific Historical Review 68. JSTOR 3641982.
- Guillermo J. Grenier and Max J. Castro (1999). "Triadic Politics: Ethnicity, Race, and Politics in Miami, 1959-1998". Pacific Historical Review 68. JSTOR 3641988.
- Raymond A. Mohl (1999). "'South of the South?' Jews, Blacks, and the Civil Rights Movement in Miami, 1945-1960". Journal of American Ethnic History 18. JSTOR 27502414.
Published in the 21st century
- Raymond A. Mohl (2001). "Whitening Miami: Race, Housing, and Government Policy in Twentieth-Century Dade County". Florida Historical Quarterly 79. JSTOR 30150856.
- David A. Badillo (2002). "Catholicism and the Search for Nationhood in Miami's Cuban Community". U.S. Catholic Historian 20. JSTOR 25154831.
- Thomas A. Castillo (2004). "Miami's Hidden Labor History". Florida Historical Quarterly 82. JSTOR 30149960.
- Lisa N. Konczal (2005). "Miami Diasporas". In Melvin Ember; et al. Encyclopedia of Diasporas. Springer. p. 524+. ISBN 978-0-306-48321-9.
- "Coming North To The South: Migration, Labor And City-Building in Twentieth-Century Miami". Florida Historical Quarterly. Summer 2005.
- Melanie Shell-Weiss (2005). "Coming North to the South: Migration, Labor and City-Building in Twentieth-Century Miami". Florida Historical Quarterly 84. JSTOR 30150917.
- Chanelle Rose (2007). "'Jewel' of the South?: Miami, Florida and the NAACP's Struggle for Civil Rights in America's Vacation Paradise". Florida Historical Quarterly 86. JSTOR 30150099.
- Juliet F. Gainsborough (2012), "A tale of two cities: civic culture and public policy in Miami", in Laura A. Reese and Raymond A. Rosenfeld, Comparative Civic Culture: the Role of Local Culture in Urban Policy-Making, Burlington, VT: Ashgate, ISBN 9781409436546
- American Cities Project (2013). "Miami". America's Big Cities in Volatile Times: City Profiles. Washington, DC: Pew Charitable Trusts.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Miami, Florida. |
- Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Miami, various dates
- "Local Collections". Miami Metropolitan Archive.
- City and Local Maps for Miami-Dade County
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Coordinates: 25°47′16″N 80°13′27″W / 25.787676°N 80.224145°W
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