Timeline of Havana
The following is a timeline of the history of Havana, Cuba.
- This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
Prior to 18th century
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- 1515 - Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar founds settlement.
- 1537 - Town sacked.[1]
- 1555 - Town sacked by Jacques de Sores.[2]
- 1577 - Castillo de la Real Fuerza built.
- 1578 - Church of Santo Domingo built.[3]
- 1589 - Governor's residence relocated to Havana from Santiago de Cuba.[1]
- 1591 - Basilica Menor de San Francisco de Asis built.
- 1592 - City status granted.[4]
- 1607 - Havana becomes capital of Cuba.[5]
- 1608 - San Agustin church built.[1]
- 1630 - San Salvador de la Punta Fortress built.
- 1640 - Morro Castle (fortress) built.[1]
- 1644 - Convent of Santa Clara founded.[4][6]
- 1648 - Epidemic.[4]
- 1668 - Church of San Francisco de Paula (Havana) construction begins.
- 1688 - Recollect Dominicans of Santa Cataline de Siena founded.[6]
- 1693 - San Felipe church built.[1]
18th century
Map of Havana, 1739
- 1700
- 1702 - City walls built.[1]
- 1704 - Jesuit college built.[1]
- 1728 - Royal and Pontifical University of Saint Jerome established.[7]
- 1748 - Battle of Havana.
- 1762 - Battle of Havana; British in power.[8]
- 1763 - 6 July: Spanish in power per treaty.[9]
- 1767 - Castillo de Atares built.[3]
- 1768 - Hurricane.[1]
- 1772 - Paseo del Prado laid out (approximate date).
- 1774 - La Cabaña fortress built.
- 1775 - El Coleseo (theatre) built on Alameda de Paula.[4]
- 1777 - Cathedral of Havana built.[4]
- 1780 - Castle del Príncipe built.[1]
- 1787 - Roman Catholic diocese of San Cristóbal de la Habana established.[10]
- 1789 - Bishopric established.[1]
- 1791 - Population: 51,307.[1]
- 1792
- Sociedad Económica de los Amigos del País established.[7]
- Palace built.[1]
- 1794 - Charity and Maternity Asylum opens.[1]
19th century
- 1810 - Hurricane.[1]
- 1811 - Population: 94,023.[1]
- 1813 - El Lucero de la Habana newspaper begins publication.
- 1817 - Botanical Gardens established.[11]
- 1828 - El Templete chapel built in the Plaza de Armas.[1]
- 1832 - El Noticioso y Lucero de la Habana newspaper begins publication.
- 1834 - President's Palace built.[3]
- 1835
- Fernando VII aqueduct constructed.[1]
- Mercado de Cristina (market) built on Plaza Vieja.[12]
- 1837 - Railway (Havana-Bejucal), Mercado de Cristina, and city jail[1] constructed.
- 1838 - Great Theatre of Havana opens.
- 1846 - Great Havana Hurricane.
- 1853 - Susini cigarette factory in operation.[13]
- 1854 - Colegio de Belén founded.[7]
- 1856 - Hotel Inglaterra built.[11]
- 1861 - Royal Academy of Medical, Physical, and Natural Sciences established.[7][14]
- 1863 - City walls dismantled.
- 1868
- El Ansador Comercial begins publication.[1]
- Colon Cemetery inaugurated.[15]
- 1871 - 27 November: Students executed.[3]
- 1876 - Hotel Pasaje built.[16]
- 1877
- 1878
- Acueducto de Albear inaugurated.
- City becomes part of La Habana Province.
- 1880 - Colegio de Abogados de La Habana (bar association) founded.[7]
- 1881 - Jane Theater-Circus built.[11]
- 1882 - School of arts and trades opens.[1]
- 1884 - La Lucha newspaper begins publication.[1]
- 1888 - La Discusion newspaper begins publication.[1]
- 1889 - Population: 200,000.[18]
- 1890 - Alhambra Theatre opens.[19]
- 1894 - Manzana de Gómez built.[11]
- 1898 - 15 February: United States Navy Ship Maine explosion.[20]
- 1899 - U.S. military occupation begins.[1]
20th century
Map of Havana, 1909
- 1901
- Biblioteca Nacional José Martí (library) established.[1]
- Malecón (esplanade) construction begins.
- 1902
- 1905 - Petroleum refinery in operation.[1]
- 1907
- 1908 - Hotel Sevilla built.
- 1909 - Lonja del Comercio building (stock exchange) and Hotel Plaza constructed.[11]
- 1910 - Pimp Alberto Yarini is killed in the San Isidro barrio of Old Havana
- 1913 - National Museum of Fine Arts of Havana founded.
- 1919
- 1920
- Palace of the Provincial Government built.[11]
- Ruston Academy established.[23]
- 1925 - Instituto Tecnico Militar built (approximate date).
- 1927 - Regina Theatre[19] and Centro Asturiano open.[11]
- 1928 - Teatro Auditorium inaugurated.[4]
- 1929 - National Capitol Building constructed.
- 1930 - Bacardi Building constructed.[24]
- 1938 - Office of the Historian of Havana created.
- 1939
- Cuban Baseball Hall of Fame inaugurated.
- Lyceum and Lawn Tennis Club formed.[23]
- 1945 - International Air Transport Association founded in Havana.
- 1946
- Havana Conference held.
- Manuel Fernandez Supervielle becomes mayor.
- 1948 - Cuban National Ballet founded.
- 1953 - Iglesia de Jesús de Miramar (church) built.
- 1957 - 13 March: Anticommunist Revolutionary Directorate attempts coup.
- 1958 - November: Rafael Guas Inclán elected mayor.
- 1959 - January: Revolutionary forces take city.[25]
- 1960 - International Ballet Festival of Havana begins.
- 1962 - Cuban National Ballet School established.
- 1964 - Jaime Lucas Ortega y Alamino becomes Catholic archbishop of Havana.
- 1965 - International School of Havana established.
- 1968 - Jardín botánico Nacional de Cuba (garden) established.[26]
- 1971 - Danza Contemporanea de Cuba active.
- 1976 - Arroyo Naranjo, Boyeros, Centro Habana, Cerro, Cotorro, Diez de Octubre, Guanabacoa, La Habana del Este, La Habana Vieja, La Lisa, Marianao, Playa, Plaza de la Revolución, Regla, San Miguel del Padrón administrative municipalities created.
- 1978 - City hosts World Festival of Youth and Students.
- 1979 - Havana Film Festival begins.
- 1982
- Old Havana designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.[5]
- Havana International Book Fair begins.
- 1984 - Havana Biennial Art Exhibition begins.
- 1987 - Russian embassy built.[27]
- 1994 - August 1994 protest in Cuba.
21st century
- 2001 - Ballet Rakatan founded.
- 2003 - Juan Contino Aslán becomes mayor.[28]
- 2005 - December: World Trade Union Congress held in city.[29]
- 2011 - Marta Hernández Romero becomes mayor.
- 2012 - Population: 2,105,291.[30]
- 2014 - Population: 2,121,871.[31]
- 2015
- January: United States–Cuban talks held in Havana.[25]
- September: Catholic pope visits city.[32]
See also
- other cities in Cuba
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Britannica 1910.
- ↑ "Cuba". Political Chronology of the Americas. Europa Publications. 2001. ISBN 978-1-85743-118-6.
- 1 2 3 4 Baedeker 1909.
- 1 2 "Old Havana and its Fortification System". World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved June 2015.
- 1 2 3 John James Clune (2001). "A Cuban Convent in the Age of Enlightened Reform: The Observant Franciscan Community of Santa Clara of Havana, 1768-1808". The Americas 57.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Cuba". Handbook of Learned Societies and Institutions: America. USA: Carnegie Institution of Washington. 1908.
- ↑ "Timelines: History of Cuba from 1492 to 2008", World Book (USA), (subscription required (help))
- ↑ Morse 1797.
- ↑ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Cuba". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved June 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Lejeune 1996.
- ↑ Barclay 1993.
- 1 2 Patrick Robertson (2011). Robertson's Book of Firsts. Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-60819-738-5.
- ↑ Pedro M. Pruna (1994). "National Science in a Colonial Context: The Royal Academy of Sciences of Havana, 1861-1898". Isis 85. doi:10.1086/356890. JSTOR 235461.
- ↑ Bankers' Loan and Securities Company, New Orleans (1916), The Republic of Cuba, New Orleans
- ↑ Fornias 1996.
- ↑ Waldo Jiménez de la Romera (1887), Cuba, Puerto-Rico y Filipinas (in Spanish), Barcelona: D. Cortezo y ca., OCLC 3153821
- ↑ Karl August Zehden (1889), Commercial Geography, London: Blacke & Son, Limited
- 1 2 Susan Thomas (2008), Cuban Zarzuela: Performing Race and Gender on Havana's Lyric Stage, University of Illinois Press, ISBN 9780252033315, 0252033310
- ↑ "On This Day", New York Times, retrieved June 2015
- ↑ Kirwin R. Shaffer (2009). "Havana Hub: Cuban Anarchism, Radical Media and the Trans-Caribbean Anarchist Network, 1902-1915". Caribbean Studies 37. JSTOR 25702369.
- ↑ "Cuba". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921.
- 1 2 "Cuban Heritage Collection". University of Miami Libraries. Retrieved 14 January 2013.
- ↑ "Mexico and Central America, 1900 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved May 2014.
- 1 2 "Cuba Profile: Timeline", BBC News, retrieved September 2015
- ↑ "Garden Search: Cuba". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved September 2015.
- ↑ "Demolition dreams: the world’s ‘worst’ buildings", Financial Times, 31 October 2014
- ↑ "El alcalde invisible". El Mundo (in Spanish). Spain. 2 November 2009.
- ↑ Richard Green (2004). Chronology of International Organizations. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-35590-6.
- ↑ "Population of Capital Cities and Cities of 100,000 or More Inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2013. United Nations Statistics Division.
- ↑ "Population of Capital Cities and Cities of 100,000 or More Inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2014. United Nations Statistics Division.
- ↑ "Cuba: Pope Francis celebrates Mass before thousands", BBC News, 20 September 2015
This article incorporates information from the Spanish Wikipedia.
Bibliography
in English
- Published in the 18th-19th century
- Jedidiah Morse (1797), "Havannah", The American Gazetteer, Boston: S. Hall, and Thomas & Andrews
- R. H. Bonnycastle (1819). "Havannah". Spanish America. Philadelphia: A. Small.
- C. D. Tyng (1868), The Stranger in the Tropics: Being a Hand-book for Havana, New York: American News Co.
- George Henry Townsend (1877), "Havana", A Manual of Dates (5th ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
- Charles Morris (1899), "Havana", Our Island Empire: a Hand-book of Cuba, Porto Rico, Hawaii, and the Philippine Islands, Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company, OCLC 541085
- Abel Linares (1899). Cuba, an illustrated guide book on the island. Havana: Wilson's International Book Store.
- Published in the 20th century
- Albert James Norton (1900), Norton's Complete Hand-book of Havana and Cuba, Chicago: Rand, McNally & Co., OCLC 4617287
- "Havana". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.
- "Havana", The United States, with Excursions to Mexico, Cuba, Porto Rico, and Alaska (4th ed.), Leipzig: K. Baedeker, 1909
- Charles B. Reynolds (1909), "Havana", Standard Guide to Cuba, Havana: Foster & Reynolds, OCLC 21914222
- "Havana", Encyclopaedia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
- Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Havana", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co. – via Hathi Trust
- Juliet Barclay (1993). Havana: Portrait of a City. Cassell Illustrated. ISBN 978-1-84403-127-6.
- Trudy Ring and Robert M. Salkin, ed. (1995). "Havana". Americas. International Dictionary of Historic Places. Routledge. p. 279+. ISBN 978-1-134-25930-4.
- Jean-François Lejeune, John Beusterien and Narciso G. Menocal (1996). "The City as Landscape: Jean Claude Nicolas Forestier and the Great Urban Works of Havana, 1925-1930". Journal of Decorative and Propaganda Arts 22. ISSN 2326-4632.
- Carlos Venegas Fornias, Narciso G. Menocal and Edward Shaw (1996). "Havana between Two Centuries". Journal of Decorative and Propaganda Arts.
- Published in the 21st century
- "Havana". Understanding Slums: Case Studies for the Global Report 2003. United Nations Human Settlements Programme and University College London. 2003.
- Luc J. A. Mougeot, ed. (2005). "(Havana)". Agropolis: The Social, Political, and Environmental Dimensions of Urban Agriculture. International Development Research Centre. ISBN 978-1-55250-186-3.
- Michael J. Totten (Spring 2014), "The Last Communist City: a Visit to the Dystopian Havana that Tourists Never See", City Journal (New York)
- Francisco Sùrez Viera (2014). "Port of Havana: The Gateway of Cuba (1850-1920)". In Miguel Bosa Suirez. Atlantic Ports and the First Globalisation c. 1850-1930. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-137-32798-7.
in Spanish
- Jacobo de la Pezuela (1863). "Habana: Historia". Diccionario geografico, estadístico, historico, de la isla de Cuba (in Spanish) 3. Madrid: Mellado – via HathiTrust. (chronology)
- Serafín Ramíre (1891). La Habana Artística: Apuntes Históricos (in Spanish). Habana: Capitania General.
- Leopoldo Fornés Bonavía (2003). Cuba, cronología: cinco siglos de historia, política y cultura (in Spanish). Madrid: Editorial Verbum. ISBN 978-84-7962-248-0. (chronology)
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Havana. |
- Maps of Havana, 1899, 1919, 1983
- Items related to Havana, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)
- Items related to Havana, various dates (via Europeana)
- Images of Havana, various dates (via New York Public Library)
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Coordinates: 23°08′00″N 82°23′00″W / 23.133333°N 82.383333°W
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