Timeline of Florence
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Florence, Tuscany, Italy.
- This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
Prior to 14th century
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- 80 BCE - Roman colony founded (approximate date).[1]
- 1st century CE - Catholic Diocese of Florence established.
- 285 - Florence becomes seat of Tuscia region.[2]
- 405 - Siege of Florence (405).[2]
- 541 - Florence sacked by forces of Ostrogoth Totila.[1]
- 1078 - City walls built.[2]
- 1080 - Stone Ponte Vecchio (bridge) built.[3]
- 1107 - Monte Orlandi and Prato become part of Florence.[3]
- 1115-16 - Commune form of government adopted;[2] Republic of Florence established.
- 1128 - Florence Baptistery built.
- 1138 - "City divided into six wards."[3]
- 1182 - Arte di Calimala (cloth guild) first mentioned (approximate date).
- 1201 - Bankers' guild active (approximate date).[3]
- 1222 - Monte comune (pawnshop) opens.[3]
- 1230 - Eucharistic miracle of Florence allegedly occurs.
- 1237 - Ponte alle Grazie (bridge) built.[3]
- 1244 - Venerabile Arciconfraternita della Misericordia di Firenze founded.
- 1251 - First Capitano del popolo elected.[3]
- 1252
- Mint established;[3] Florin (Italian coin) introduced.
- Santa Trinita bridge built.[3]
- 1258 - Bargello built.[3]
- 1261 - Public prison established.[3]
- 1267 - Charles of Anjou in power.[2]
- 1269 - Flood.[3]
- 1282 - "Florence adopts a new system of government by members of a guild."[4][2]
- 1284 - Tertio Cerchio (wall) built.[3]
- 1285 - Hospital of Santa Maria Nuova founded.[5]
- 1289
- 1299 - Palazzo Vecchio construction begins.
14th-16th centuries
- 1321 - University of Florence founded.
- 1345 - Ponte Vecchio rebuilt.
- 1348 - Black Death plague.[3]
- 1353 - Public clock installed in Palazzo Vecchio tower.[6]
- 1355 - Chiesa di Santa Maria del Fiore a Lapo (church) built.
- 1360 - Cathedral Campanile built.[7]
- 1377 - Medici in power.[4]
- 1382 - Loggia dei Lanzi built.
- 1385 - Basilica of Santa Croce built.
- 1397 - Medici Bank established.
- 1415 - Bruni's History of Florence issued.[4]
- 1427 - Catasto tax begins.[3]
- 1434 - Cosimo de' Medici in power.[5]
- 1436 - Duomo consecrated.[3]
- 1471 - Printing press in operation.[3][8]
- 1478 - Pazzi conspiracy foiled.[4]
- 1486 - Medici giraffe arrives.
- 1490 - Palazzo Cocchi-Serristori built.
- 1494 - Salone dei Cinquecento built.
- 1497 - 7 February: Bonfire of the Vanities.
- 1498
- Niccolò Machiavelli becomes secretary.[4]
- 23 May: Savonarola executed.[2]
- 1504 - Michelangelo's David sculpture installed in the Piazza della Signoria.[9]
- 1509 - Militia established.[3]
- 1513 - Giulio de Medici becomes Archbishop of Florence.
- 1529 - 24 October: Siege of Florence (1529–30) begins.
- 1532 - Alessandro de Medici becomes duke of Florence;[3] Republic of Florence ends.
- 1536 - Charles V visits city.[3]
- 1537 - Villani's Nuova Cronica published.
- 1545 - Orto Botanico di Firenze established.
- 1559 - Palazzo Uguccioni built.
- 1562 - Accademia del Disegno established.[10]
- 1564 - Vasari Corridor built.
- 1565 - Fountain of Neptune inaugurated.
- 1569 - Ponte Santa Trinita (bridge) rebuilt.
- 1574 - Florentine Camerata active.[11]
- 1580 - Rules of Calcio Fiorentino sport published.[12]
- 1581 - Uffizi art museum built.
- 1582 - State Archives of Tuscany established.[5]
- 1592 - Theorbo musical instrument invented.[11]
- 1598 - Premiere of Peri's opera Dafne.[11]
17th-19th centuries
- 1600
- 5 October: Wedding of Maria de 'Medici and Henry IV of France.
- Biblioteca Riccardiana founded (approximate date).[5]
- Premiere of Peri's opera Euridice.[13]
- 1625 - Premiere of Francesca Caccini's opera La liberazione di Ruggiero.[14]
- 1656 - Teatro della Pergola built.
- 1700 - Fortepiano musical instrument prototyped.[11]
- 1739 - Academia Botanica established.[15]
- 1740 - Teatro di Santa Maria built.
- 1753 - Accademia dei Georgofili established.[15]
- 1775 - Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze established.
- 1784 - Galleria dell'Accademia established.
- 1799 - French occupation begins.[2]
- 1814
- 1817 - Teatro Goldoni, Florence opens.
- 1828 - Teatro Alfieri opens.
- 1847 - Premiere of Verdi's opera Macbeth.[13]
- 1848
- Prato-Florence railway begins operating.
- Firenze Santa Maria Novella railway station opens.
- 1860 - Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale established.[5]
- 1861 - Population: 150,864.
- 1862 - Politeama Fiorentino Vittorio Emanuele amphitheatre opens.
- 1864 - Florence becomes part of Italy.[1]
- 1865 - Italian capital relocated to Florence from Turin.[17]
- 1871 - Palazzo delle Assicurazioni Generali built.
- 1879 - Horse-drawn tram begins operating.
- 1882 - Great Synagogue of Florence built.
- 1891 - Cathedral Museum opens.[5]
- 1896 - Firenze Campo di Marte railway station opens.
20th century
- 1901 - Population: 236,635.
- 1904 - Giardino Tropicale established.[18]
- 1908 - La Voce magazine begins publication.
- 1922 - Cinema Teatro Savoia opens.[19]
- 1925 - Non Mollare newspaper begins publication.[17]
- 1926 - Chiesa di Santa Maria a Ricorboli (church) built.
- 1931 - Population: 304,160.
- 1933 - Maggio Musicale Fiorentino begins.
- 1934 - Bologna–Florence railway begins operating.[2]
- 1936 - Cinema Vittoria built.[19]
- 1943
- German occupation begins.
- 25 September: Aerial bombing by Allied forces.
- 1944
- 1948 - Ponte alla Carraia (bridge) rebuilt.
- 1954 - 27 October: 1954 UFO sighting in Florence
- 1957 - Ponte Amerigo Vespucci (bridge) built.
- 1959 - Giardino dell'Iris (garden) established.[18]
- 1961 - Population: 436,516.
- 1966 - 4 November: 1966 Flood of the Arno River.[2]
- 1968 - Ospedale Piero Palagi (hospital) built.
- 1977 - Florence–Rome high-speed railway begins operating.
- 1978 - Indiano Bridge built.
- 1982 - Historic Centre of Florence designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- 1986 - Gran Caffé Doney closes.
- 1991 - Population: 403,294.
- 1993 - 27 May: Via dei Georgofili bombing.[2]
- 1995 - European Rapid Operational Force headquartered in Florence.
- 1997 - City website online (approximate date).[20]
21st century
- 2001 - Population: 356,118.
- 2002 - November: European Social Forum held in city.
- 2009
- Bologna–Florence high-speed railway begins operating.
- Matteo Renzi becomes mayor.
- 2011 - 13 December: 2011 Florence shootings.
- 2013 - Population: 366,039 city; 987,354 province.[21]
- 2014 - Dario Nardella becomes mayor.
- 2015 - City becomes capital of the newly created Metropolitan Borough of Florence.
See also
References
- 1 2 3 Townsend 1867.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "Timeline of the history of Florence". Provincia di Firenze. Retrieved January 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Staley 1906.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Charles E. Little (1900), "Italy", Cyclopedia of Classified Dates, New York: Funk & Wagnalls
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Baedeker 1913.
- ↑ Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum (1996). "The First Public Clocks". History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.
- ↑ "Italian Peninsula, 1000–1400 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved January 2015.
- ↑ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Italy: Firenze". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company – via HathiTrust.
- ↑ Gardner 1920.
- ↑ "Medici: Godfathers of the Renaissance: Timeline". Empires. USA: Public Broadcasting Service. Retrieved January 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 Joseph P. Swain (2013). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Baroque Music. USA: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7825-9.
- ↑ Tom Dunmore (2011). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Soccer. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7188-5.
- 1 2 "Timeline of opera", Oxford Music Online (Oxford University Press), retrieved June 2015
- ↑ Stephen Rose (2005). "Chronology". In Tim Carter and John Butt. Cambridge History of Seventeenth-Century Music. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-79273-8.
- 1 2 James E. McClellan (1985). "Official Scientific Societies: 1600-1793". Science Reorganized: Scientific Societies in the Eighteenth Century. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-05996-1.
- ↑ Jewish Encyclopedia 1906.
- 1 2 Mark Gilbert; Robert K. Nilsson (2007). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Modern Italy. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6428-3.
- 1 2 "Garden Search: Italy". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved June 2015.
- 1 2 "Movie Theaters in Florence". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved January 2014.
- ↑ "Città di Firenze Rete Civica" (in Italian). Archived from the original on January 1997 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
- ↑ "Resident Population". Demo-Geodemo. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica. Retrieved January 2015.
This article incorporates information from the Italian Wikipedia.
Bibliography
- Giuseppe Maria Mecatti (1755). Storia chronologica della città di Firenze [Chronological history of the city of Florence] (in Italian). Napoli: Stamperia Simoniana. (1977 reprint)
- J. Willoughby Rosse (1858). "Florence". Index of Dates ... Facts in the Chronology and History of the World. London: H.G. Bohn – via Hathi Trust.
- George Henry Townsend (1867), "Florence", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
- William Henry Overall, ed. (1870). "Florence". Dictionary of Chronology. London: William Tegg.
- Ismar Elbogen (1906), "Florence", Jewish Encyclopedia
- Edgcumbe Staley (1906). "Chronology". Guilds of Florence. London: Methuen & Co.
- Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Florence", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
- "Florence", Northern Italy (14th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1913
- Edmund G. Gardner (1920). Story of Florence. London: J. M. Dent & Co.
- Millard Meiss (1951). "Chronological Table". Painting in Florence and Siena After the Black Death: the Arts, Religion, and Society in the Mid-fourteenth Century. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00312-2.
- Athanasios Moulakis (1998). "Chronology of Florentine Institutional Development". Republican Realism in Renaissance Florence. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8476-8994-1.
- Michael Levey (1996). "Selective Chronology". Florence: A Portrait. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-30658-5.
- Ted Jones (2013). "Chronology of Events". Florence And Tuscany: a Literary Guide for Travellers. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1-84885-836-7.
External links
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Coordinates: 43°47′00″N 11°15′00″E / 43.783333°N 11.25°E
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