Thorium(IV) chloride
-chlorid.png) | |
| Identifiers | |
|---|---|
10026-08-1  | |
| Jmol interactive 3D | Image |
| PubChem | 66209 |
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| Properties | |
| ThCl4 | |
| Molar mass | 373.849 g/mol |
| Appearance | white needles hygroscopic |
| Density | 4.59 g/cm3, solid |
| Melting point | 770 °C (1,420 °F; 1,040 K) |
| Boiling point | 921 °C (1,690 °F; 1,194 K) |
| Structure | |
| tetragonal | |
| Hazards | |
| EU classification (DSD) |
not listed |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
 verify (what is ?) | |
| Infobox references | |
Thorium(IV) chloride (ThCl4) is an inorganic chemical compound. It is a white, hygroscopic solid. In addition to the anhydrous ThCl4, two hydrates have been reported: ThCl4(H2O)4[1] and ThCl4(H2O)8.[2] These salts are water-soluble and also white.
Preparation and structure of anhydrous thorium(IV) chloride
The anhydrous tetrachloride is prepared by carbothermic reaction of thorium dioxide:[2]
- ThO2 + 2 C + 4 Cl2 → ThCl4 + 2 CO
In terms of its chemical structure, the anhydrous compound features 8-coordinate, giving overall dodecahedron geometry.[3] Thorium(IV) tetrabromide is isostructural.
Preparation and structure of hydrated thorium(IV) chloride
The octahydrate is prepared by extracting thorium(IV) hydroxide with hydrochloric acid followed by precipitation or evaporation.[2] Drying at 100 °C gives the tetrahydrate.[1] These species are assumed to be eight-coordinate Th(IV) centers.[1]
References
- 1 2 3 Cantat, Thibault; Scott, Brian L.; Kiplinger, Jaqueline L. "Convenient Access to the Anhydrous Thorium Tetrachloride Complexes ThCl4(DME)2, ThCl4(1,4-dioxane)2 and ThCl4(THF)3.5 using Commercially Available and Inexpensive Starting Materials" Chemical Communications 2010, 46, 919-921. doi:10.1039/b923558b
- 1 2 3 P. Ehrlich "Titanium, Zirconium, Hafnium, and Thorium" in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 1. p. 1203.
- ↑ R. C. L. Mooney: „The Crystal Structure of ThCl4 and UCl4“, in: Acta Crystallographica, 1949, 2, S. 189–191 (doi:10.1107/S0365110X49000485).
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