Supernatural (U.S. TV series)

Supernatural
Genre	Horror Fantasy Action Adventure Mystery Drama[1]
Created by	Eric Kripke
Starring	Jared Padalecki Jensen Ackles Katie Cassidy Lauren Cohan Misha Collins Mark A. Sheppard
Composer(s)	Jay Gruska Christopher Lennertz
Country of origin	United States
Original language(s)	English
No. of seasons	11
No. of episodes	231 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)	Eric Kripke Robert Singer McG David Nutter Kim Manners John Shiban Phil Sgriccia Sera Gamble Ben Edlund Jeremy Carver Adam Glass
Location(s)	British Columbia, Canada
Camera setup	Single-camera setup
Running time	38–45 minutes
Production company(s)	Kripke Enterprises Wonderland Sound and Vision Warner Bros. Television
Distributor	Warner Bros. Television Distribution
Release
Original network	The WB (2005–06) The CW (2006–present)
Picture format	1080i (HDTV)
Audio format	Dolby Digital 5.1
Original release	September 13, 2005 (2005-09-13) – present
Chronology
Related shows	Supernatural: Bloodlines
External links
Website

Supernatural is an American fantasy horror television series created by Eric Kripke. It was first broadcast on September 13, 2005, on The WB and subsequently became part of successor The CW's lineup. Starring Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, the series follows the two brothers as they hunt demons, ghosts, monsters, and other supernatural beings in the world. The series is produced by Warner Bros. Television, in association with Wonderland Sound and Vision. Along with Kripke, executive producers have been McG, Robert Singer, Phil Sgriccia, Sera Gamble, Jeremy Carver, John Shiban, Ben Edlund and Adam Glass. Former executive producer and director Kim Manners died of lung cancer during production of the fourth season.^[2]

The series is filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia and surrounding areas and was in development for nearly ten years, as creator Kripke spent several years unsuccessfully pitching it. The pilot was viewed by an estimated 5.69 million viewers,^[3] and the ratings of the first four episodes prompted The WB to pick up the series for a full season. Originally, Kripke planned the series for three seasons but later expanded it to five. The fifth season concluded the series' main storyline,^[4] and Kripke departed the series as showrunner.^[5] The series has continued on for several more seasons with Sera Gamble and Jeremy Carver assuming the role of showrunner.^[6][7] The series was renewed for an eleventh season,^[8] which premiered on October 7, 2015.^[9] With its eleventh season, Supernatural became the longest-running North American science-fiction series (surpassing Smallville, which has 218 episodes).^[10]

Production

Conception and creation

Before bringing Supernatural to television, creator Eric Kripke had been developing the series for nearly ten years,^[12] having been fascinated with urban legends since he was a child.^[13] Although he had envisioned Supernatural as a movie,^[14] he spent years unsuccessfully pitching it as a series.^[15] The concept went through several phases before becoming the eventual product, shifting from the original idea of an anthology series to one of tabloid reporters driving around the country in a van "fighting the demons in search of the truth".^[13][16] Kripke wanted it to be a road trip series, feeling that it was the "best vehicle to tell these stories because it's pure, stripped down and uniquely American... These stories exist in these small towns all across the country, and it just makes so much sense to drive in and out of these stories."^[13]

As he had previously written for The WB series Tarzan, Kripke was offered the chance to pitch show ideas to the network and used the opportunity for Supernatural.^[14] However, the network disliked his tabloid reporter idea, so Kripke successfully pitched his last-minute idea of the characters being brothers.^[17] He decided to have the brothers be from Lawrence, Kansas, because of its closeness to Stull Cemetery, a location famous for its urban legends.^[18]

When it came time to name the two lead characters, Kripke decided on "Sal" and "Dean" as an homage to Jack Kerouac's road-trip novel On the Road. However, he felt that "Sal" was inappropriate for a main character and changed the name to "Sam".^[11] It was originally intended for the brothers' last name to be "Harrison" as a nod to actor Harrison Ford, as Kripke wanted Dean to have the "devil-may-care swagger of Han Solo". However, there was a Sam Harrison living in Kansas, so the name had to be changed for legal reasons.^[19] Combining his interest in the Winchester Mystery House and his desire to give the series the feel of "a modern-day Western", Kripke settled on the surname of "Winchester". However, this also presented a problem. The first name of Sam and Dean's father was originally "Jack", and there was a Jack Winchester residing in Kansas, so Kripke was forced to change the character's name to "John".^[19]

“	We say it's a modern American Western — two gunslingers who ride into town, fight the bad guys, kiss the girl and ride out into the sunset again. And we were always talking from the very beginning that if you're going to have cowboys, they need a trusty horse.	”
— Eric Kripke on the decision to add the Impala.[20]

Growing up, Kripke connected to television shows that had signature cars, such as The Dukes of Hazzard and Knight Rider. This prompted him to include one in Supernatural.^[20] He originally intended for the car to be a '65 Mustang, but his neighbor convinced him to change it to a '67 Impala, since "you can put a body in the trunk" and because "you want a car that, when people stop next to it at the lights, they lock their doors."^[11] Kripke has commented, "It's a Rottweiler of a car, and I think it adds authenticity for fans of automobiles because of that, because it's not a pretty ride. It's an aggressive, muscular car, and I think that's what people respond to, and why it fits so well into the tone of our show."^[20]

Kripke had previously pitched the series to Fox executive Peter Johnson, and when Johnson moved to Wonderland Sound and Vision as president of TV, he contacted Kripke.^[21] Johnson soon signed on as co-executive producer, as did Wonderland owner McG as executive producer, with the production company set to make the pilot episode. Before it could be filmed, however, script issues needed to be dealt with. Originally, the brothers were not raised by their father, but rather by their aunt and uncle. Thus, when Dean comes to Sam for assistance in the pilot episode, he has to convince him that the supernatural exists. However, Kripke realized that this made the backstory too complicated and reworked it with Peter Johnson so that their father raised them to be hunters.^[22] The script went through many additional revisions. One of the original ideas was for Sam's girlfriend Jessica to be revealed as a demon, which prompts him to join Dean on the road; however, Kripke felt it was more appropriate for Sam's motivation to be Jessica's death, so he had her killed in the same manner as Sam's mother, making them the "right bookends".^[23] Other revised concepts include Sam believing Dean to be a serial killer that murders their father^[24] and their father dying in Jessica's place.^[25] Filming for the pilot episode was greenlit after director David Nutter, who previously had worked with Kripke on Tarzan, signed on.^[26][27] When the series was eventually picked up, the studio brought in Robert Singer as executive producer, as it wanted Kripke to work with someone with production experience. Due to his previous work on The X-Files, co-executive producer John Shiban was also hired to help design the series mythology.^[28] Kripke had the series planned out for three seasons but later expanded it to five^[29] and hoped to end it there on a high note.^[30]

Writing

The staff for the first season consisted of Kripke and five other writers, with assistants to help with researching urban legends.^[14] Most of the work done in writing the series is very collaborative, with the writers often breaking up into groups. At the beginning of each season, the writers are brought together and pitch their ideas, which are then assigned to a specific writer to be developed. Each story idea is outlined on a dry-erase board, with Kripke and Bob Singer making necessary changes. Afterward, the script is written,^[31] and Kripke goes through it to make sure it has the same tone as other episodes.^[14] Kripke found this task very difficult to do in the first season,^[32] but he felt it became easier by the third season, as the staff came to "really understand the show's style".^[32]

The tone of Supernatural was heavily influenced by films such as Poltergeist—having the horror happen in a family setting rather than remote location—and Evil Dead II and An American Werewolf in London—having bits of comedy mixed in. Commenting on the former, Kripke said, "It's the idea that horror can happen in your own backyard. How many viewers have to worry about the vampire in the gothic castle?"^[11] Other influences include The Two Sisters and Asian horror films The Eye, Ju-on, and Ring.^[33]

“	It's always been a show about family.	”
— Eric Kripke[29]

According to creator Eric Kripke, the show originally was intended to focus on the weekly monsters, with Sam and Dean Winchester merely being "an engine to get us in and out of different horror movies every week".^[34] His sole desire was to merely "scare the crap out of people".^[35] However, a few episodes in, Kripke and executive producer Bob Singer noticed the onscreen chemistry between Jared Padalecki and Jensen Ackles. This revelation caused them to change the series to focus more on the brothers than the monsters, basing the weekly monster around the storyline they wanted for the Winchesters. According to Kripke, "...sometimes we don't even have the monster until way late in the break, once we get all the angst and the drama done first."^[34]

Effects

Though companies were hired for work on the pilot episode—such as Entity FX for the visual effects^[36]—effects departments now work exclusively for the series.^[37] Ivan Hayden is the visual effects supervisor, and works with many levels of the production staff. During pre-production, Hayden must go through the scripts, looking for possible visual effects. He then has a concept meeting with the writers, and after settling on the effect designs to use, coordinates with the special effects and stunt departments. Hayden is also present during filming to help the director make sure that the scenes are being filmed in the best way for the visual effects, such as by ensuring that the actors are looking at the correct location where an effect will later be added. Afterward, he then meets with the editors.^[38] Another aspect of the visual effects department is coming up with rules and physics for each supernatural creature,^[38] though the rules are often bent if it benefits the story.^[37] In 2012, it was announced that Hayden will be working at the new Vancouver location of Encore for its VFX division.^[39]

Music

Supernatural features a synthesized orchestral score, although traditional acoustic instruments such as guitars and cellos are used at times. Special instruments have also been used in specific episodes, such as "bluesy gospel music" played on a broken-down piano in the faith-healing episode "Faith". Unlike other television shows, the series features two composers: Christopher Lennertz and Jay Gruska.^[40] Each composer scores every other episode, giving them extra time to write the scores, which usually end up being around 30 minutes per episode. They write themes for their own episodes and characters and work with one another if there is overlap between episodes. They try to base the music on the visuals of the episode, such as in the episode "Dead in the Water", in which off-angle shots are accompanied by repetitive and discordant notes, and spoken words such as "water" and "die" are followed by a lower pitch to create a "gurgly" sound.^[41] While there are similarities in the scores for situations such as the brothers and their father, about a third of each episode's score is newly written for the series.^[40]

While original scores are used throughout episodes, another important aspect of the series' music is the use of classic rock, over which creator Eric Kripke threatened to quit when the network would not allow its inclusion. Most of the songs are from Kripke's private collection, although one of his favorite bands—Led Zeppelin—is too expensive to use. Some episode titles are references to Led Zeppelin songs.^[42] The series has featured such bands as Blue Öyster Cult, Bad Company, Stevie Ray Vaughan, Rush, Boston, Triumph and AC/DC on more than one occasion. Multiple songs are usually used throughout each episode, and accompany "The Road So Far" sequences before select episodes that highlight a montage of past events. Although Kripke prefers to keep a fine line between the score and songs used, sometimes Lennertz and Gruska are required to write short sections of rock-like music to fill 15-to-20-second gaps, as it would be too costly to acquire song rights. Always on the last episode of every season except the first season, the song "Carry On Wayward Son" by Kansas is played at the beginning.^[43]

Filming locations

Though the pilot was filmed in Los Angeles, principal filming takes place in Vancouver, British Columbia.^[24] Thus, on-location filming usually takes place in the area. "Dead in the Water" was filmed at Buntzen Lake,^[44] and the final scenes of "Simon Said" were filmed at Cleveland Dam.^[45] Other locations used on the show are often reused two or three times, with the art department making variations to conceal this.^[46] Heritage Park in Burnaby has been used as a cemetery in "Red Sky at Morning", and as the location of the gingerbread-house cottage in "Bedtime Stories".^[47] Also, Riverview Hospital in Coquitlam has served many functions for the series, including an asylum in "Asylum",^[48] a hospital in "In My Time of Dying",^[49] and a prison in "Folsom Prison Blues".^[49] The episode "Houses of the Holy" was filmed on location in Vancouver at St. Andrew's-Wesley United Church. Because episodes usually take place in the middle of nowhere, filming often takes place at an old military base. Having been shut down for years, the buildings have been removed, leaving just roads on which sets are erected, such as for crossroads scenes.^[50]

Online distribution

Rather than having the series debut on television, The WB instead made the pilot episode available for online streaming through Yahoo! a week before it was set to premiere on the network as part of a promotional scheme.^[51] Following the transition to The CW, Supernatural episodes were added to Apple's iTunes Store starting in December 2006, being one of the first CW series to be made available for sale online.^[52] The following month, the network began streaming episodes of the series on its website with limited commercial interruption, available for up to four weeks after the initial airings.^[53] Beginning January 11, 2007, Australia's Network Ten also began offering full episodes for download via their website, through a deal with Warner Bros. Television. To combat piracy, Ten debuted the second season premiere five days before its initial broadcast in the country, making Supernatural the first major network show available for free download in Australia before being aired. Subsequent episodes became available online just hours after being televised.^[54] Around the same time, episodes were also made available for download on Microsoft's Xbox Live Marketplace.^[55] In September 2008, Amazon.com launched its new on-demand TV service, with Supernatural being one of the many television shows available for sale.^[56]

DVD and Blu-ray releases

Season		Episodes	DVD and Blu-ray release dates
			Region 1	Region 2	Region 4
	1	22	September 5, 2006 (DVD)[57] June 15, 2010 (Blu-ray)[58]	October 2, 2006 (DVD)[59] August 22, 2011 (Blu-ray)[60]	September 6, 2006 (DVD)[61] October 27, 2010 (Blu-ray)[62]
	2	22	September 11, 2007 (DVD)[63] June 14, 2011 (Blu-ray)[64]	October 29, 2007 (DVD)[65] August 22, 2011 (Blu-ray)[66]	October 3, 2007 (DVD)[67] October 26, 2011 (Blu-ray)[68]
	3	16	September 2, 2008 (DVD)[69] November 11, 2008 (Blu-ray)[70]	August 25, 2008 (DVD)[71] November 10, 2008 (Blu-ray)[72]	September 30, 2008 (DVD)[73] March 4, 2009 (Blu-ray)[74]
	4	22	September 1, 2009[75]	November 2, 2009[76]	January 6, 2010[77]
	5	22	September 7, 2010[78]	October 18, 2010[79]	November 10, 2010[80]
	6	22	September 13, 2011[81]	November 7, 2011[82]	November 2, 2011[83]
	7	23	September 18, 2012[84]	November 5, 2012[85]	October 31, 2012[86]
	8	23	September 10, 2013[87]	October 28, 2013[88]	September 25, 2013[89]
	9	23	September 9, 2014[90]	June 8, 2015[91]	October 8, 2014[92]
	10	23	September 8, 2015[93]	TBA	TBA

Cast and characters

The series originally focuses primarily on the brothers Dean Winchester and Sam Winchester, played by Jensen Ackles and Jared Padalecki, as they travel throughout the country hunting down evil supernatural creatures, mostly demons. Padalecki became interested in the role because he liked horror series, including both The X-Files and The Twilight Zone, which he found similar to Supernatural. He was also excited to play "the reluctant hero", comparing Sam to The Matrix's Neo and Luke Skywalker of Star Wars. Padalecki had previous experience working with executive producers McG and David Nutter,^[94] the former convincing him to audition for the role.^[95] Ackles was originally asked by Nutter to audition for the role of Sam^[96] but preferred the character of Dean after reading the script.^[97] At the time of his audition, he was already a series regular on fellow WB series Smallville. After landing the part of Dean, his Smallville role was cut short.^[98]

“	When I read the script, Dean just jumped out at me. With that character there was always a bit more comedy, and a bit more recklessness, and it just appealed to me more. So when I asked to read for that, they were like, 'That's what we're looking for.' So it was great. I found a character that I really enjoy playing.	”
— Jensen Ackles on what drew him to the character of Dean Winchester.[97]

While the series does not have many lead characters, there are many recurring characters. Jeffrey Dean Morgan portrays John Winchester, father of Sam and Dean. Making an appearance in the pilot episode, John does not return until nearly halfway through the first season, after which he becomes a recurring character until his eventual death in the second season's premiere episode, though his spirit returns to help his sons in the season finale. Later in the series, it is announced that John Winchester fathered a third son with another woman; a half-brother to Sam and Dean. According to writer John Shiban, it was decided early on that John would die. The writers found that having the brothers being separated from their father "split the show". Shiban noted that "...the boys were looking for Dad, and they were looking for a monster of the week, whatever that is, whatever case crosses their path. It became difficult, because we thought it was like – 'what is Dad doing? Is he doing more interesting things than the boys are doing, or what?'"^[99] They believed Morgan was initially reluctant about returning to Supernatural for the second season because of his recurring role on the series Grey's Anatomy.^[100] Future appearances of the character have been hindered by Morgan's busy schedule.^[101]

Also introduced in the first season are the demon Azazel and his unnamed daughter. While Azazel mainly appears merely as shadows or silhouettes in the first season, only taking physical form when he possesses John Winchester, Azazel's daughter uses a girl named Meg Masters—portrayed by Nicki Lynn Aycox—as a host.^[102] In the second season premiere, Azazel's host is portrayed by Fredric Lehne; originally brought on only for one episode, Lehne impressed the showrunners so much that he was asked to return for the season's two-part finale.^[103] Even after the character's death, Azazel makes appearances in the fourth season, being portrayed, respectively, by Christopher B. MacCabe and Mitch Pileggi in the time travel episode "In the Beginning" by Rob LaBelle in a flashback in the season finale. Lehne also reprises the role in the first episode of season six when Dean is poisoned and begins to see Azazel again. Likewise, after Azazel's daughter is exorcised from Meg towards the end of the first season, the demon and her host continued to appear in the series, although now as two separate characters. Aycox continued her role in the fourth season when the angry spirit of Meg tries to kill the Winchesters. The demon returns for an episode in the second season played by Padalecki, temporarily taking Sam as a host. She appears once again in the fifth season, her newest host being portrayed by Rachel Miner, in a recurring role.

The writers eventually wanted to flesh out the concept of hunters, resulting in the introduction of many new characters.^[105] Actor Jim Beaver makes his first appearance as Bobby Singer, an old family friend of the Winchesters, at the end of the first season. Becoming a sort of surrogate father to Sam and Dean after their father's death,^[32] the character acts as their mentor and foremost point of contact before his departure in the seventh season. Other hunters appear in the second season with the introduction of Harvelle's Roadhouse, a saloon frequented by hunters. It is owned by Ellen Harvelle (played by Samantha Ferris), whose late husband was a friend of John Winchester. Working alongside her mother is Jo Harvelle (played by Alona Tal). Also present is the computer guy Ash (played by Chad Lindberg), who uses his vast computer skills to track the paranormal. Tal was eventually written out of the series, and believes the reason to be that the producers felt she looked like Sam and Dean's "14-year-old sister".^[106] Kripke claims the character was incorrectly conceived, and also cites poor fan reaction for her removal.^[107] Also, the character of Ash is killed off in the second season finale with the destruction of the Roadhouse. Ellen was meant to return in the third season, but the episode had to be scrapped due to the writer's strike.^[108] The writers intended for her to be featured in the third season finale,^[109] but Ferris declined because the deal offered to her was not acceptable, as "It could cost [her] money and work".^[110] However, both actresses returned as Jo and Ellen in the fifth season.

For the third season, the writers decided to introduce Ruby, a demonic former witch who claims to the Winchesters to be an ally, to the cast. They also added another character, Bela, who was the new 'love interest' for Sam. However, The CW requested that another female be added, so the character Bela Talbot, a self-centered thief who sells occult objects to wealthy clients and who was already intended to appear in multiple episodes, was upgraded to a series regular.^[111] Katie Cassidy and Lauren Cohan were eventually cast as Ruby and Bela, respectively, though they originally auditioned for the others' role.^[112] Though only making six appearances each in the third season, both actresses were credited as co-stars for their episodes. At the end of the season, Bela was killed off,^[113] and Cassidy was let go for budgetary reasons.^[114] The role of Ruby was recast for the fourth season, auditions only describing the character as "a love interest". Genevieve Cortese (who later married Padalecki) took over the role until the character's death at the end of the season.^[115]

Wanting to bring in Christian mythology to the series, the writers created the angel Castiel to introduce it.^[116] With Kripke wanting to keep the introduction of an angel a secret, the character was instead described as a demon during auditions.^[117] Misha Collins was cast as the character. Making his debut in the fourth season premiere, Castiel resurrects Dean from Hell after his death in the third season, and comes to be an ally of the Winchesters. The character was originally intended for only a six-episode story arc, but the role was later expanded.^[118] Collins was promoted to a series regular for the fifth and sixth season, something Collins believes to be mainly due to fan support.^[119] Collins was downgraded to recurring status for the seventh and eighth seasons, but returned to series regular status for seasons nine and ten.^[120]

Along with Castiel came other angelic characters, with Robert Wisdom portraying the "militant" and "dogmatic"^[121] Uriel, who secretly supports Lucifer; Julie McNiven playing the fallen angel Anna Milton, who eventually regains her angelic form but remains an outcast of Heaven; and Kurt Fuller as Castiel's boss Zachariah, who wishes to start the Apocalypse in order to bring Paradise to Earth. Though Wisdom's character is eventually killed, McNiven and Fuller continue their roles into the fifth season and are joined by Mark Pellegrino as the recently released but fallen archangel Lucifer. Pellegrino also appears as Lucifer as a hallucination in Sam's head in season 7. Pellegrino had been the second choice for the role of Castiel^[122] and was offered the role of Lucifer without an audition.^[123] Further on, Fuller's and McNiven's characters were also killed along with both Harvelle characters.

Season 5 introduces the demon Crowley, played by Mark Sheppard, who would become the Winchester's longest-recurring antagonist and occasional anti-hero in the series. Crowley appears in three episodes of season 5 to help the Winchesters seal Lucifer back in the Cage, believing that once he destroys humanity he will target all demonkind next. In season 6, Crowley becomes the King of Hell and one of the main antagonists working with Castiel to stop Archangel Raphael, the other main antagonist of season 6, from restarting the Apocalypse by harnessing the souls of Purgatory and splitting the power with Castiel. In season 7, Crowley becomes an anti-hero who helps the Winchesters against the threat of Leviathans led by Dick Roman, after they are released from Purgatory by Castiel. Crowley becomes the main antagonist of season 8, attempting to harness the Words of God and their powers and stop the Winchesters from sealing Hell forever. In season 9, Crowley becomes an unwilling prisoner of the Winchesters but is forced to deal with Abaddon trying to steal his position as King of Hell. Sheppard was promoted to series regular status for season 10.^[124]

Season 7 introduces Kevin Tran the prophet (played by Osric Chau), who translates the word of God to help the Winchesters stop the Leviathans which leads to their destruction. In season 8, Kevin works to translate another word of God to find the means of sealing Hell forever. In season 9, Kevin instead tries to find the means of returning the fallen angels to Heaven but is killed by a Gadreel-possessed Sam.

Season 9 introduces the angel Gadreel, who originally poses as Ezekiel, played by Tahmoh Penikett and Padalecki. After Sam is seriously injured when he decides not to seal Hell, Gadreel comes to Dean in response to his prayer for help, possesses Sam to heal him, and becomes Dean's ally. However, Gadreel's true identity is later revealed by Metatron to be the guardian who had allowed Lucifer into the Garden of Eden and was imprisoned until the fall. Gadreel then allies with Metatron in an attempt to redeem himself and lead the angels back to Heaven. He kills Kevin Tran and is later expelled from Sam and possesses his original vessel again. However, after Metatron begins sacrificing angels for his plans, Gadreel becomes regretful and joins Sam, Dean and Castiel.

Because the show focuses mainly on the two Winchester brothers, the writers realized that viewers would know that the characters are not in danger of being permanently killed. To fix this, the staff often writes in guest characters to give tension to the episode, occasionally having them die.^[125]

Synopsis

Season 1

The first season consists of 22 episodes that premiered on September 13, 2005, and concluded on May 4, 2006. The first 16 episodes aired on Tuesdays at 9:00 pm, after which the series was rescheduled to Thursdays at 9:00 pm.^[126]

After their mother's death in a suspicious fire that burns down their house 22 years prior, Sam and Dean Winchester's father goes missing during a "hunting trip". As a result, Dean tracks down Sam at Stanford University. The two brothers live a life on the road, in Dean's black, 1967 Chevrolet Impala with Kansas license plates. However, their father is not a typical hunter: he hunts supernatural creatures like ghosts, vampires, and spirits, and he's trained his sons to do the same. Along the way, Sam and Dean save innocent people, fight creatures and ghosts, and collect clues to their father's whereabouts. Sam begins to mysteriously develop psychic abilities and visions as they travel. They also find another man with abilities similar to Sam's, whose mother died the same way. They reach out to the young man, Max Miller, offering help and seeking answers. But Max has experienced years of physical abuse and neglect and his life ends in a murder suicide which Dean and Sam are unable to stop. They eventually find and reunite with their father, who reveals that the creature that killed their mother years earlier is the demon Azazel (aka "Yellow Eyes") and the only thing that can kill him is a legendary gun created by Samuel Colt. The season ends with the brothers and their father involved in a car crash when a truck hits the side of the Impala. They lie inside the car, covered in blood and unconscious.

Season 2

The second season consists of 22 episodes that aired on Thursdays at 9:00 pm beginning September 28, 2006, and ending May 17, 2007.^[127]

The season follows Sam and Dean as they deal with their father's death, who, after the car crash, traded Azazel his life for Dean's. Sam and Dean continue to hunt Azazel, who caused the fires that led to the deaths of their mother, and later, Sam's girlfriend, Jessica. They receive assistance from new allies Ellen, Jo, and Ash. Part of Azazel's master plan is eventually revealed as he gathers Sam and others with similar psychic abilities to fight each other, leading to the death of Sam. Dean makes a deal with a crossroads demon to bring Sam back in exchange for his soul, which will be collected in one year and taken to Hell. Azazel opens a portal to Hell, and as hundreds of demons and souls escape, has a final confrontation with the Winchesters. With the help of the spirit of John Winchester, who escaped Hell through the portal, Dean finally kills Azazel and the portal is closed. The Winchester brothers and their allies are left to deal with the demon army that has been unleashed and the one-year contract Dean has before he goes to Hell.

Season 3

The third season consists of 16 episodes that aired on Thursdays at 9:00 pm beginning October 4, 2007, and ending May 15, 2008.^[128] Originally 22 episodes were ordered for the third season, but production was halted on December 5, 2007, upon completion of the twelfth episode by the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike. The season number was shortened to sixteen episodes, with four new episodes airing in April and May 2008.^[129]

The season mainly focuses on trying to save Dean from his deal and tracking down the demons that were released from the gate. Along the way, the brothers meet Ruby, a "good" demon, who has an interest in Sam and claims to be able to help save Dean. Also, they meet Bela Talbot, an acquirer and seller of occult objects, who is constantly a thorn in their side. The brothers eventually learn from Bela which demon holds Dean's contract: a powerful demon named Lilith. Lilith takes Bela's soul after her contract expires, but not before she warns Sam and Dean. The brothers, along with Ruby, track Lilith down and attempt to kill her. Lilith is unable to stop Sam on account of his mysterious abilities; however, Dean's contract expires and his soul is taken to Hell.

Season 4

The fourth season consists of 22 episodes that aired on Thursdays at 9:00 pm beginning September 18, 2008, and ending May 14, 2009.^[130]

Dean is rescued from Hell and brought back by an angel of the Lord named Castiel, one of several angels who appears throughout the season. The rest of the season follows the brothers as they work with Castiel to stop Lilith's plan of breaking the 66 seals, which would allow the fallen archangel Lucifer, AKA "the Devil" or "Satan himself", to walk the Earth free once again. The relationship between Sam and Dean is strained. Sam starts siding with Ruby over Dean. He begins to give into his demonic side by drinking demon blood to become strong enough to defeat Lilith. He and Dean eventually have a falling out. Sam sides fully with Ruby in his obsessive quest to kill Lilith. Dean makes a deal with the angels to save Sam, and learns that the angels want the Apocalypse to occur in order to rebuild Paradise on Earth. With aid from Castiel, Dean escapes and tries to stop Sam after learning that Lilith is, in fact, the last seal, but Sam kills her anyway, breaking open Lucifer's prison. Ruby reveals her true colors as a demon loyal to Lucifer and Dean kills her. As the season ends, Lucifer's cage opens and he escapes from Hell.

Season 5

The fifth season consists of 22 episodes that aired on Thursdays at 9:00 pm beginning September 10, 2009, and ending May 13, 2010.^[131] This season was rumored to be the last season, because Eric Kripke had said previously that he planned the show to run for only five seasons.^[30] Despite this, Padalecki and Ackles had contracts for a sixth season,^[132] and The CW renewed it for season six on February 16, 2010.^[133]

The fifth season revolves around the fight to stop Lucifer and save the world from the Apocalypse, inspired by events in the Book of Revelation. Throughout the season, while Castiel searches for God, Sam and Dean battle both angels and demons as they fight their destiny to become the vessels of Lucifer and Michael, respectively. One way they attempt to stop Lucifer is to retrieve the Colt from the demon Crowley and kill Lucifer with it, but this fails as Lucifer can't be killed by the Colt, and they lose fellow hunters and friends Jo and Ellen in the process. Their loss, and the revelation that God will not help stop the Apocalypse, drives Dean to agree to act as the vessel of Michael, but, ultimately, he doesn't go through with it. Instead, Dean kills the angel Zachariah, who has been tormenting the brothers all season. Michael ultimately takes Adam Milligan, the newly resurrected half-brother of Sam and Dean, as a vessel instead. Unable to defeat Lucifer, Sam and Dean, with information from the Trickster, revealed to be the archangel Gabriel, and with help from the demon Crowley, decided to collect the rings of the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, including Death, which act as the key to Lucifer's prison. The concept of destiny versus freedom, choice, and free will plays a large role. Throughout the season, Dean, Sam, Castiel, and Bobby each have a crisis as they near giving up. However, through each other's support, they continue forward until the end. It is also notable that Dean and Castiel have an ongoing friendship during this season, while Dean and Sam initially grow further apart. In the end, Sam allows Lucifer to possess him and he kills Bobby and Castiel, who is now human. Sam then manages to regain control, thanks to his bond with Dean, and throws himself (while possessed by Lucifer) and Adam (possessed by Michael) into the Cage to trap Lucifer once more. Castiel is resurrected by God and, more powerful than ever, resurrects Bobby and then returns to Heaven to restore order. Dean returns to his old girlfriend Lisa to live a normal life. Sam is next shown mysteriously free of the Cage, watching his brother eating dinner in the house with Lisa and her son Ben.

Season 6

The sixth season consists of 22 episodes that aired on Fridays at 9:00 pm beginning September 24, 2010, and ending May 20, 2011. Beginning with this season, Kripke did not return as showrunner, but still remained as a hands-on executive producer, leaving executive producer Sera Gamble to take over the reins.^[134]

The sixth season begins a year after the conclusion of the fifth season, with Dean living a somewhat happy life with Lisa and Ben. When an emotionless Sam returns to Dean, he is forced to leave his new life behind and work with his resurrected grandfather Samuel to capture Alpha monsters for the demon Crowley. The brothers are unable to get much help from Castiel since his time is occupied by a civil war raging in heaven against the archangel Raphael, and they cannot trust Samuel. Dean's suspicions are confirmed when he finds Samuel working with demons to discover the location of Purgatory. Dean discovers that Sam's soul is still in the Cage, so he implores the Horseman Death to retrieve it. To ensure Sam does not remember his time in the Cage, Death blocks that part of Sam's memory using a mental wall. The season's second half revolves around the so-called Mother of All, which ultimately leads to events which prove that Castiel is behind the circumstances of Sam's return, the hunt for the Alpha monsters, and the search for Purgatory and was working with Crowley the entire time. When the brothers try to stop Castiel, he brings Sam's memory of the Cage back and proceeds with his plan, absorbing all the souls from Purgatory and pronouncing himself God, having ascended beyond a mere angel.

Season 7

The seventh season consists of 23 episodes that aired on Fridays at 9:00 pm beginning September 23, 2011, and ending May 18, 2012.

After absorbing all the souls from Purgatory and declaring himself God, Castiel goes forth to punish all the wrongdoers in the world. Very quickly, though, he discovers that he absorbed the Leviathans, who are attempting to break free of his vessel. Sam and Dean manage to return most of the souls to Purgatory but fail to return the Leviathans, who seemingly kill Castiel before vanishing. The Leviathans inhabit the bodies of many different people around the world. Sam and Dean learn that their weakness is Sodium Borate (aka Borax), though it has minimum effectiveness on the Leviathan leader Dick Roman. After Roman kills Bobby, Dean becomes obsessed with taking the Leviathans down and learns of a facility they are building, only to discover that it is a facility to cure cancer. As one Leviathan states, "We're only here to help". The spirit of Bobby later confirms that while they are curing disease, they are doing it as part of their grand plan to turn humanity into the perfect food source. With the help of Castiel, the brothers learn that the only way to kill the Leviathans is with the "bone of a righteous mortal washed in the three bloods of the fallen" and set out to find the three bloods. Eventually, Dean and Castiel kill Dick but are dragged into Purgatory as a result, while Sam is left alone to deal with Crowley, who plans to rise to power now that the Leviathans are disorganized.

Key plot points presented in the season were Sam struggling with the constant hallucinations of Lucifer and the ghost of Bobby "haunting" Sam and Dean through his alcohol flask. Bobby's rage toward Dick Roman slowly causes him to become a vengeful spirit, and Sam and Dean ultimately deal with this by burning the flask at his request, thus destroying Bobby.

Season 8

The eighth season consists of 23 episodes that aired on Wednesdays at 9:00 pm beginning October 3, 2012, and ending May 15, 2013.

One year after being dragged to Purgatory, Dean returns to Earth without Castiel, carrying inside his body the soul of a vampire named Benny. The two brothers begin a fight against Crowley to find the Demon Tablet and lock the Gates of Hell, thereby trapping all demons in Hell. Castiel, brought back by an angel named Naomi, takes possession of the Angel Tablet. After realizing that to lock the Gates of Hell Sam must die, Dean ends the trials. Castiel, however, is stripped of his grace by an angel named Metatron who proceeds to have millions of angels locked out of Heaven.

Season 9

The ninth season consists of 23 episodes that aired on Tuesdays at 9:00 pm beginning October 8, 2013, and ending May 20, 2014.

In the first half of the ninth season, the angels have fallen to Earth and two factions are warring against each other while hunting Castiel while rogue angels roam the Earth causing trouble as well. Castiel is now human and having to adjust to his new life while Crowley is Sam and Dean's prisoner and Abaddon works to take over Hell. Sam is left near-death from the Trials of God and Dean is forced to let an angel claiming to be Ezekiel possess Sam to heal him from the inside. While dealing with the various threats that crop up, Dean must hide Ezekiel's presence from Sam so he won't expel him and die while also keeping Castiel away at Ezekiel's demand. The brothers must also search for a way to return the angels to Heaven. Eventually it is revealed that Ezekiel is actually the angel Gadreel who let Lucifer into the Garden of Eden. Gadreel murders Kevin Tran and escapes while Castiel regains his powers. With Crowley's help, Sam expels Gadreel, but the experience causes Sam and Dean to split up while letting Crowley go as part of the deal Dean made for him to save Sam.

In the second half, Dean begins searching for both Gadreel for revenge and the First Blade to kill Abaddon with the help of Crowley with whom he forms a reluctant alliance as Abaddon has begun attempting to take over Hell and is "much worse" than Crowley. Despite being warned of terrible repercussions, Dean takes on the Mark of Cain in order to be able to wield the First Blade. After healing Sam completely, Castiel begins a search of his own for Metatron, believing him to be the key to reversing the expulsion of the angels. Metatron begins trying to unite all the angels under his rule while Castiel leads other angels against him to retake Heaven. Eventually Dean kills Abaddon and Castiel defeats Metatron with the help of a repentant Gadreel, but Metatron kills Dean, causing him to become a demon himself due to the influence of the Mark of Cain.

Season 10

In the tenth season, after being resurrected by the Mark of Cain, Dean is now a demon, working alongside Crowley. Meanwhile, Sam continues to search for Dean. After Dean refuses to follow Crowley's order and embarrasses him in front of his demon followers, Crowley gives Sam his brother's location. For giving up Dean, Sam gives Crowley the First Blade. Later, Sam, with the help of Castiel, cures Dean by using sanctified human blood and returns him to his human state. After being cured, Dean is reminded by Castiel that the Mark of Cain is still a problem. Dean and Sam help Castiel track down Claire, Castiel's vessel Jimmy's, daughter. Dean ends up slaughtering several men who are keeping her captive and loses control of the Mark, a nightmare he previously had.

Meanwhile, a mysterious new witch comes into play, being revealed to be Crowley's mother Rowena. Also, the angel Hannah goes back to Heaven so that her vessel can have her life back. A large focus of the season is Dean's quest to overcome the Mark of Cain and have it removed if possible. After the Mark causes him to break Charlie's arm, Sam suggests that Dean has the ability to at least partially control the Mark, but only if he can control himself. New hope for ridding Dean of the Mark comes when Charlie unearths the Book of the Damned. Sam needs help in reading and using this powerful tome, and turns to Rowena for help, keeping the entire thing a secret from Dean. He requests help from Charlie, too, who decodes the text but is murdered by the Steins, a family that has secretly controlled much of history. After massacring the Steins, nearly killing Castiel and getting another hunter killed, Dean starts despairing of being free of the Mark, causing him to turn to Death for help. Death proposes putting Dean in isolation away the Earth, but insists Dean must kill Sam, who otherwise would work to bring Dean back. Sam and Dean both agree that it is for the good of the world. At the last moment however, Dean seemingly kills Death instead to save Sam. Oblivious to the dangers, Rowena successfully casts the spell to remove the Mark and unleashes the Darkness, a primordial evil that had been kept away by the Mark. Rowena also places Castiel under a spell so he attacks Crowley as she escapes with the Book of the Damned.

Season 11

The eleventh season premiered on October 7, 2015.^[9]

Recurring elements

Impala

Throughout the series, Dean drives a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala which he refers to as "Baby." Having been passed down to him by his father (John), it is Dean's most prized possession, with actor Jensen Ackles feeling it is Dean's "life" and "sanctuary".^[135] The brothers travel in it throughout the country as they hunt the supernatural, and the trunk holds various weaponry and their fake IDs. In the first two seasons, it has a Kansas license plate with the number KAZ 2Y5, a reference to the Winchesters' home state of Kansas, and the series premiere date of 2005.^[135] Towards the end of the second season, the car sports a new Ohio license plate (CNK 80Q3) to aid the brothers in hiding from the FBI.^[136]

The origins of the Impala were first depicted in the comic mini-series Supernatural: Origins, in which John Winchester takes ownership of the car from Mary's uncle after accidentally getting him killed during a hunt. However, fans responded negatively to this, as John is shown with the Impala in the teaser for the pilot episode, which is chronologically set before the comic series. Because of this, the comic was altered for the trade paperback version,^[137] with the Impala's true origins later being depicted in the series' fourth season. Having been sent back to 1973 by the angel Castiel, Dean convinces his father to purchase the Impala over a 1964 VW Van. The car's origins were further explored during the season five finale, in which a frame story surrounded the plot of the episode tracking the Impala's history from its manufacture, through several previous owners, up until the present day. According to Chuck Shurley, the brothers have "made it their own", and they are shown as kids sticking an army man into an ash tray that remains there (Sam), putting blocks into the heating vents (Dean) and carving their initials into the car. The Impala later proves important when seeing the old army man allows Sam to overpower Lucifer during the final confrontation. According to Chuck, as they have the Impala, the Winchesters never consider themselves truly homeless. In the seventh season, after two Leviathans go on a killing spree in an identical Impala, Sam and Dean are forced to put the car into storage and use various other cars as they are too identifiable with the Impala. Dean later pulls it out of storage to confront Dick and has the demon Meg crash it into Sucrocorp to create a distraction. Starting in season 8, Sam and Dean are once again using the Impala as their car. The Impala was stolen by the angel Gadreel while possessing Sam, once again forcing Dean to use a stolen car, but it was quickly recovered and proved instrumental in tracking down the rogue angel.

All of the cars used in the show are stock 1967 Chevrolet Impala four door hardtops. They feature Chevrolet small-block engines, recolored interiors, custom seats, and nonfunctioning radios. Other than the one used in the original, all of the Impalas had to be painted black for the series. One of the Impalas used features a detachable roof and doors for up-close shots, and is capable of being separated in half.^[138]

Trouble with the law

Because Dean and Sam do not get paid for their hunting, the brothers earn their living and pay for their hunting equipment through credit card fraud, poker winnings, and pool hustling. Furthermore, their investigations often put them on the wrong side of the law, as they have desecrated graves, impersonated various officials, and committed breaking and entering. Framed for murder and bank robbery by shapeshifters, Dean has become a highly wanted man, and the brothers are occasionally pursued by various law enforcement officers, most notably FBI agent Victor Henricksen. Because of their wanted status, the brothers often use aliases, usually derived from hard rock musicians, film references, or a meta-reference. However, in the third season's mid-season finale episode "Jus in Bello", Sam and Dean are presumed dead in the explosion of the Monument, Colorado Sheriff's county jail, effectively ending the FBI's pursuit of them. By the seventh season, however, the FBI are in pursuit of the brothers again, believing them to be mass-murderers (while the murders were actually committed by Leviathans impersonating the Winchesters). However, with the help of a sheriff who learns the truth and the bodies of their doppelgangers, they are able to fake their deaths again, but have to lie low to prevent discovery, abandoning the Impala, taking on new aliases and using stolen cars to get around. By season 8, the threat of discovery seems to blow over as Sam and Dean return to using the Impala and their rock band aliases which they had been warned made them easy to find. Notably in "Ask Jeeves" in season 10, they use their real names and even though a detective is investigating a murder, he doesn't recognize them from "their" previous crime sprees.

The Colt

The 1836 Colt Paterson revolver,^[139] usually referred to as "the Colt", was made by Samuel Colt, a paranormal hunter. According to legend, anything shot by this gun, using one of its thirteen original bullets, will die, including creatures normally immune to any and all weapons.

John Winchester gives it to the demon Azazel in return for Dean's life being spared after a near-fatal car crash. At the end of the second season, Azazel uses the Colt as the key to open one of the Gates to Hell that Samuel Colt had sealed. The last bullet is then used to kill Azazel, though the gun is later altered to allow the use of more bullets. Towards the end of the third season, Lilith's right-hand demon, Crowley, acquires the gun and hides it. It is then featured in two time-travel episodes – Dean using a past version of it when he is sent back to 1973, and his future self discovering it when Dean is sent five years into the future – before Crowley returns it to the Winchesters so they can kill Lucifer. However, after Dean shoots Lucifer in the head at point-blank range, an unharmed Lucifer boasts there are five things in creation which the gun cannot kill, and he is one of them.

It is unknown what happened to the weapon after that point, as its only subsequent appearance on the show was a chronologically earlier version, seen when the Winchesters travel to 1861. Sam gets it from Samuel Colt, and Dean uses it to kill a phoenix, as they need its ashes. Dean drops the Colt just before being transported back to the present day, where it is presumably retrieved by the saloon owner Elkins, the ancestor of Daniel Elkins, who possessed the weapon at the beginning of the series.

The gun used in the series is actually a replica Paterson modified to fire metallic cartridges.^[139] The gun was described as being built in 1835, before Colt made firearms, and fires metallic cartridges which were never made to fire in a Colt revolver until 10 years after Samuel Colt's death. On the barrel of the gun is inscribed the Latin phrase non timebo mala, meaning "I will fear no evil".^[140] On the handle is a carving of a pentagram, with much of the finish removed to give it an aged appearance.^[139] The props department also has a rubber version of the Colt to be used in fight scenes for pistol-whipping.^[138]

Ruby's knife

Ruby possesses a mysterious and presumably magical demon-killing knife, which Kripke refers to as "a hand-to-hand version of the Colt".^[141] Its handle is made of elk antlers, and the knife has engravings on both sides of the blade, although the symbols are all nonsensical.^[141] It has been seen and used many times following its introduction in the third season. Upon being stabbed in a vital area, the demon is almost immediately killed, usually taking the human host with it. The only known survivor is Bobby Singer who stabbed himself with it while fighting off a possession and was left paralyzed as a result. It is unknown if it is effective against other supernatural beings, although it is useless against angels. Furthermore, the demons Alastair and Abaddon are resistant to the knife's power and Cain is completely immune. Creator Eric Kripke doubted that how the knife functions would ever be revealed, stating, "I like to leave some things mysterious. And that's likely to remain mysterious."^[101] However, the eighth season reveals it to be "an ancient demon-killing knife of the Kurds".

Word of God Tablets

A compendium of tablets dictated by God at the beginning of creation and written by the angel scribe Metatron. They cover a variety of subjects and Sam and Dean have so far located the Leviathan, Demon and Angel tablets. The tablets are first introduced when Sam and Dean steal an important object that Leviathan leader Dick Roman had dug up in Iran. The object turns out to contain the Leviathan Word of God tablet and, when uncovered, turns Kevin Tran into a Prophet, the only person that can read the tablets. Using the Leviathan tablet, Sam and Dean learn how to defeat the seemingly-unbeatable Leviathans. Later, Crowley somehow gets his hands on the Demon tablet and kidnaps Kevin to read it. Kevin escapes with the tablet, but Crowley recaptures it, leaving the Winchesters without a way to close the Gates of Hell, what Sam refers to as "the Winchester Holy Grail." Eventually they get back half of the tablet, and Kevin works on trying to translate it. He eventually succeeds in learning the instructions to close the Gates of Hell but, out of fear, hides the tablet before he can translate it completely, leaving Sam and Dean with no clues as Crowley captures Kevin and his notes on the tablet. It is also learned that there is an Angel tablet, which Crowley begins searching for with a brainwashed Castiel. The Winchesters and Castiel locate the Angel tablet first, and after it breaks the angel Naomi's control over him, Castiel goes on the run with the tablet to protect it from all threats including, for some reason, the Winchesters. After Crowley captures Kevin, he tricks him and gives him the second half of the demon tablet to translate. When Kevin is rescued by Metatron, he brings the second half of the tablet with him, but Crowley gets the angel tablet at the same time. According to Kevin, what's on the demon tablet could apparently grant Crowley great power. Eventually the Winchesters end up with both tablets, and Kevin retrieves the first half of the demon tablet and reunites it with the second half. Sam and Dean pretend to trade it for the angel tablet as part of a deal with Crowley but instead capture him and the angel tablet. Kevin later uses the angel tablet to try to find a way to reverse Metatron's spell, but both the angel and demon tablets are stolen by Gadreel and, after he kills Kevin, he delivers the two tablets to Metatron. Metatron manages to tap into the power of the angel tablet, granting him God-like power and near-invincibility. With the help of Gadreel, Castiel infiltrates Heaven and smashes the angel tablet, breaking Metatron's power. Without an active Prophet, there is currently no way to repair the tablet. While discussing removing the Mark of Cain, Castiel suggested that the demon tablet might have information on it but it is missing. Metatron later tells them that the tablets have nothing on the Mark. When Metatron leads Castiel to his Grace in a library, he incapacitates Castiel and reveals that he has the demon tablet hidden there also. Metatron takes the demon tablet and flees when he sees Castiel has his Grace back. This leaves Sam and Castiel worried about what he could do with the tablet.

Mark of Cain and the First Blade

After the Knight of Hell Abaddon begins a war to take over Hell, Crowley allies himself with the Winchesters to get the First Blade, the only thing that can kill a Knight of Hell like Abaddon. In order to use the First Blade, one must have the Mark of Cain, a cursed mark given to Cain by Lucifer after Cain killed Abel. Dean convinces Cain, now a demon, to give him the Mark to kill Abaddon, and the Winchesters and Crowley search for the First Blade after learning that Cain dropped it in the Marianas Trench. The Winchesters and Crowley locate the Blade with former Man of Letters Magnus. Dean uses the Blade to kill Magnus, activating the Mark of Cain and causing Dean to suffer from nearly uncontrollable rage. Crowley takes the Blade until the Winchesters can find Abaddon, and Dean begins to feel the Mark's influence, rubbing it frequently and becoming more prone to violence. He also begins to display superhuman strength, overpowering a vampire. Abaddon tries to lure Dean into a trap and he fights her with the Mark granting him immunity to her powers and telekinesis. Dean kills Abaddon with the First Blade and loses control of his emotions, mutilating Abaddon's corpse. He later tells Sam that the power of the Mark and Blade give him strength and calm him, and refuses to give them up. Dean takes the Blade with him on a case, and ends up framed for murder. Later, Dean almost kills a repentant Gadreel in a Mark induced fit of rage. Afterwards, Crowley explains that the Mark will make him want to kill more and more, and cause him to die if he stops killing. Cain was able to survive not killing because he is a demon, but the Mark is not meant to be used by a human. Later, after Metatron has killed Dean, Crowley explains that when Cain was human and had the Mark, he tried to kill himself because he didn't want to become the monster it was turning him into. The Mark refused to let him go and turned him into a demon. Crowley gives Dean the First Blade, causing the Mark of Cain to resurrects him as a demon and Knight of Hell. Dean becomes so evil that Crowley agrees to help Sam capture him in exchange for the First Blade, which he promises to dispose of somewhere Dean can't find. Sam turns Dean human once more, but he still bears the Mark of Cain, which makes him brutal and sadistic, shooting the corpse of a shapeshifter and viciously killing a gang of human criminals. Dean later faces down Cain himself and kills him, but not before Cain insists that there is no cure for the Mark. Metatron, the Scribe of God proves unaware of one as well. Charlie Bradbury eventually locates the Book of the Damned, an ancient spellbook for casting and removing any curse in existence. Sam calls upon the evil witch Rowena to translate the book and cast the spell while Dean falls further and further under the Mark's influence, slaughtering an entire family of evil humans including a kid who was not evil at all and nearly killing Castiel. Dean eventually turns to Death to kill him, but that proves to be beyond even Death's power and he explains the Mark's purpose: before anything else existed there was the Darkness. When God and the archangels defeated and locked it away, the Mark was created as the lock and key to its prison. The Mark was given to Lucifer and corrupted him before he passed it to Cain. If the Mark is removed without being passed on the Darkness will be unleashed. Though Death offers the solution of transporting Dean to where he will be a threat to no one, he chooses not to when the price is to kill Sam. An oblivious Rowena is able to use the Book of the Damned to remove the Mark with Castiel and Crowley's help and like Death warned, the Darkness is unleashed.

Other media

Promotion and tie-ins

The advertisements The WB chose for the show went beyond just commercials and billboards. Before the series debuted, the network placed signs for the show at gas station pumps, and gave out rubber glow-in-the-dark bracelets at New York and Los Angeles movie theaters.^[51] Also, coffee cup sleeves revealed the image of a "terrified woman seemingly pinned to a ceiling" when heated^[142] were distributed to 500 cafes throughout New York, Chicago, and Los Angeles.^[51] The same image was used in special mirrors the network installed in almost 200 nightclubs throughout three cities in order to reach "young, hip horror fans".^[142] Additional advertisements were also placed in bars, movie theaters, and video game stores, with hundreds of the bars also receiving Supernatural napkins and coasters.^[51]

The series also has many real-life tie-ins. The urban legend website Hellhounds Lair featured in the season one episode "Hell House" was a real website set up by the show's producers.^[143] As a tie-in to the sequel episode "Ghostfacers", in which the owners of Hellhounds Lair create their own Ghost Hunters-style reality show, The CW set up Ghostfacers.com.^[144] The Winchesters later visit this website in the fourth season episode "It's a Terrible Life". Series tie-ins, however, extend beyond the internet. For a time, Dean's cell number—revealed in the first season episode "Phantom Traveler"^[145] to be 1–866–907–3235—was a real number, with Jensen Ackles reading the message: "This is Dean Winchester. If this is an emergency, leave a message. If you are calling about 11–2–83, page me with your coordinates."^[146] The second season episode "Tall Tales" featured a tie-in to that week's issue of the tabloid newspaper Weekly World News. The February 19 and March 19, 2007, editions of the paper featured exclusive interviews with Sam and Dean, the articles being written by Paul Kupperberg.^[147][148]

Merchandise

Supernatural has a vast amount of merchandise available, including calendars, T-shirts, shot glasses, temporary tattoos and posters.^[149] Inkworks has released trading cards for the show, some cards featuring actors' autographs and swatches from actual costumes used on the series.^[150]

The Supernatural Role Playing Game (a pen-and-paper role-playing game) was developed by Margaret Weis Productions, Ltd.^[151] Originally scheduled for release in October 2007,^[152] it was delayed until August 2009.^[153] The game uses material from the series, novels, and comics.^[152] Additionally, on September 7, 2010, Watertower Music released Supernatural: Original Television Soundtrack — Seasons 1–5. It features 18 original tracks by Supernatural series composers Christopher Lennertz and Jay Gruska.^[154] Funko has also released three Pop! form figures of Dean, Sam, and Castiel as of November 21, 2013.^[155]

Further information on the series' mythology and production have been detailed through print. Official companion guides for the first six seasons have been released (ISBN 1845765354, ISBN 1-84576-657-1, ISBN 1-84856-103-2, ISBN 1-84856-738-3, ISBN 1-84856-739-1, ISBN 0-85768-289-X), all written by Nicholas Knight and published by Titan Books. Two additional guides written by Alex Irvine, The "Supernatural" Book of Monsters, Spirits, Demons, and Ghouls (ISBN 0-06-136703-6) and John Winchester's Journal (ISBN 0-06-170662-0), have been published by It Books. Irvine's books function as resource guides that contain illustrations and detailed descriptions of the supernatural creatures the Winchester family has encountered, giving additional background on creatures and mythology featured on the show. Premiering on November 27, 2007, was the Official Supernatural Magazine.^[156] Published by Titan Magazines, it contains series information and exclusive cast and crew interviews.^[156] It Books published Supernatural: Bobby Singer's Guide to Hunting by David Reed on September 6, 2011 (ISBN 0062103377), sharing all the knowledge that the character Bobby Singer had to share about hunting, the Winchesters, and other knowledge he picked up over the years dealing with the elements of the supernatural.

Comics

The series has also developed an expanded universe. Three six-issue comic book mini-series have been published by WildStorm,^[157] a company under the DC Comics umbrella. Supernatural: Origins depicts the early lives of John, Sam, and Dean Winchester, and shows how John became a hunter.^[158] Supernatural: Rising Son, "a dysfunctional family story", details Dean as he begins following in his father's footsteps.^[159] While Kripke was heavily involved with the first series, the writer's strike prevented him from doing so with Rising Son.^[159] Supernatural: Beginning's End deals with "the definitive events that led to Sam leaving his family to attend Stanford".

A fourth miniseries, Caledonia, (named Supernatural: The Dogs of Edinburgh, in the UK) by Brian Wood and Grant Bond, deal with Sam Winchester's trip to the United Kingdom during the Stanford years.^[160] The first two miniseries were written by Peter Johnson, one of the series co-executive producer, while the third one is by television series writers Andrew Dabb and Daniel Loflin.^[161]

Novels

A dozen novels based on the series have also been published.

Title	Author	Published	Publisher	ISBN
Nevermore	Keith R.A. DeCandido	July 31, 2007	HarperEntertainment	ISBN 0-06-137090-8
Witch's Canyon	Jeff Mariotte	October 30, 2007	HarperEntertainment	ISBN 0-06-137091-6
Bone Key	Keith R.A. DeCandido	August 26, 2008	HarperEntertainment	ISBN 0-06-143503-1
Heart of the Dragon	Keith R.A. DeCandido	February 16, 2010	Titan Books	ISBN 1-84856-600-X
The Unholy Cause	Joe Schreiber	May 4, 2010	Titan Books	ISBN 1-84856-528-3
War of the Sons	Rebecca Dessertine and David Reed	August 31, 2010	Titan Books	ISBN 1-84856-601-8
One Year Gone	Rebecca Dessertine	May 24, 2011	Titan Books	ISBN 0-85768-099-4
Coyote's Kiss	Christa Faust	July 12, 2011	Titan Books	ISBN 0-85768-100-1
Night Terror	John Passarella	September 13, 2011	Titan Books	ISBN 0-85768-101-X
Rite of Passage	John Passarella	August 14, 2012	Titan Books	ISBN 1781161119
Fresh Meat	Alice Henderson	February 19, 2013	Titan Books	ISBN 1781161127
Carved in Flesh	Tim Waggoner	April 16, 2013	Titan Books	ISBN 1781161135

Secondary literature

An unofficial anthology titled In the Hunt: Unauthorized Essays on Supernatural (ISBN 1933771631) was released on February 10, 2009 by Smart Pop and featured essays covering different aspects of both the series and its fanbase. The Mythology of Supernatural: The Signs and Symbols Behind the Popular TV Show (ISBN 0425241378), published by Berkley Trade on August 2, 2011, sought to explore the religious and mythological roots of the show. And on October 1, 2011, ECW Press released the book TV Goes to Hell: An Unofficial Road Map of Supernatural (ISBN 1770410201) which explored topics such as folklore, religion, gender and sexuality, comedy, and music through essays from a number of contributors.

Spin-off series

Ghostfacers

The growing popularity of "amateur spook-hunters" Ed Zeddmore and Harry Spangler prompted Kripke to consider a spin-off series for the characters. He discussed the idea of an online venture with actors A. J. Buckley and Travis Wester, and held a successful meeting with studio and network executives.^[162] Though Kripke announced their plans to produce "some new material, either webisodes, potentially cell phone content or basically an off-network Ghostfacers series" at the 2008 Comic-Con,^[163] the economic downturn delayed production until 2009.^[162]

Buckley and Wester, along with Patrick J. Doody and Chris Valenziano, penned the series.^[162] They found the format—ten three-minute segments^[164]—difficult to manage because each webisode has to work both individually and as part of the overall storyline.^[162] However, Wester noted, "We couldn't get too indulgent, we couldn't delve into long conversations. That helps not only with the storytelling but with the comedy... With drama, it takes time to establish an emotional connection with the characters. With comedy, you can jump right in."^[162]

Though an initial idea of Kripke's involved the cast searching real haunted houses,^[163] the first season instead features the Ghostfacers investigating a haunted theater. The series also stars Brittany Ishibashi as Maggie and Austin Basis as Spruce. Buckley shares a manager with Kelly Carlson, and she accepted the guest role of the ghostly actress Janet within half an hour of reading the script.^[164]

On October 23, 2011, A. J. Buckley posted on his Twitter account a link to a special webisode in which the Ghostfacers meet Castiel.^[165]

Supernatural: The Anime Series

On June 9, 2010, the official Japanese Warner Bros. website announced an anime version of the series titled Supernatural: The Animation (スーパーナチュラル・ザ・アニメーション), which debuted in Japan in January 2011^[166] and is produced by famed Japanese anime studio Madhouse.^[167] Shigeyuki Miya and Atsuko Ishizuka are co-directors for the series, with Kripke credited as the project creator.^[167] Madhouse co-founder Masao Maruyama serves as executive producer, with Naoya Takayama supervising the scripts and Takahiro Yoshimatsu designing the characters. Yūya Uchida and Hiroki Touchi, who voice Sam and Dean for the Japanese dub of the live-action series, reprise their roles.^[167]

The anime's first season consists of 22 half-hour episodes; while the storyline covers the first two seasons of the live-action series, it also includes original content exploring the Winchesters' childhoods and expanding upon secondary characters.^[167] Warner Home Video released the first two episodes on Blu-ray and DVD in Japan on January 12, 2011; episodes 3 through 12 shipped on February 2, and the rest on April 6.^[167] Warner Home Video released the Blu-ray and DVD box sets of the anime series on July 26, 2011 in North America.^[168]

Jared Padalecki voices Sam in the English-language version of the series, while Jensen Ackles voices Dean only in the last two episodes for scheduling reasons; Andrew Farrar voices Dean in English for the first 20 episodes.

Samuel Colt

During production of Supernatural's third season, Kripke stated that the writers sometimes discussed the possibility of a prequel series. Set in the Old West, the spin-off would follow Samuel Colt and a group of hunters.^[19]

Supernatural: Bloodlines

On July 22, 2013, The CW announced there was a spin-off of Supernatural in the works, with the 20th episode of season nine serving as a back-door pilot.^[169] On January 29, 2014, it was revealed that the spin-off was to have been titled Supernatural: Bloodlines.^[170]

The backdoor pilot was written by Andrew Dabb and directed by Robert Singer. The series was going to set to explore the "clashing hunter and monster cultures in Chicago". The show was not picked up by the CW for the 2014–2015 season. However, the network has remained open to another spin-off of the series.^[171][172]

Impact

Ratings

Seasonal rankings (based on average total viewers per episode) of Supernatural on The WB and The CW (some including repeats).

Season	Network	Timeslot (ET)	Season premiere[173]	Season finale[173]	TV season	Rank[note 1]	Average viewers in millions	Rating[note 2]
1	The WB	Tuesday 9:00 pm Thursday 9:00 pm	September 13, 2005	May 4, 2006	2005–06	#165[174]	3.81[174]	1.4[174][note 3]
2	The CW	Thursday 9:00 pm	September 28, 2006	May 17, 2007	2006–07	#216[175]	3.14[175]	1.1[175]
3			October 4, 2007	May 15, 2008	2007–08	#187[176]	2.74[176]	1.0[176]
4			September 18, 2008	May 14, 2009	2008–09	#161[177]	3.14[177]	1.1[177][note 4]
5			September 10, 2009	May 13, 2010	2009–10	#125[178]	2.64[178]	1.2[178][note 5]
6		Friday 9:00 pm	September 24, 2010	May 20, 2011	2010–11	#134[179]	2.47[179]	1.1[179]
7			September 23, 2011	May 18, 2012	2011–12	#176[180]	2.03[181]	0.89[181]
8		Wednesday 9:00 pm	October 3, 2012	May 15, 2013	2012–13	#152[182]	2.52[182]	1.1[183]
9		Tuesday 9:00 pm	October 8, 2013	May 20, 2014	2013–14	#141[184]	2.81[184]	1.3[184]
10		Tuesday 9:00 pm Wednesday 9:00 pm	October 7, 2014	May 20, 2015	2014–15	#156[185]	2.02[185]	0.8[185]
11		Wednesday 9:00 pm	October 7, 2015	TBD	2015–16	TBD	TBD	TBD

After the first four episodes of Supernatural aired in 2005, the WB decided to pick up the series for a full season of 22 episodes. During those first episodes, the series was ranked third in males aged 18–34 and 12–34. It also posted an increase of 73% in males aged 18–49 from the year before, although it only gained 4% in total viewers, and retained 91% of viewers from its lead-in, Gilmore Girls.^[186] Supernatural had low ratings during its second season, with viewers consisting mainly of teen girls, and the CW trying to attract more male viewers.^[187] The show's future was in doubt at the end of the second season.^[188] Despite mediocre ratings in the previous year, it was back for a third season.^[189] Although its third season's rating were low, it did well with viewers aged 18–49. In this category, it ranked eighth of all returning series broadcast by a major network.^[190] The show received an early pickup for its fourth season.^[191] The show's ratings increased in its fourth season.^[192] The fourth season premiere aired on September 18, 2008, averaging its highest rating ever since its debut on The CW with 3.96 million viewers, a 33% surge over the season three premiere and a 1.7/5 in adults 18–49, up 42% from one year earlier.^[193] On October 16, 2008, the show was watched by 3.06 million viewers, making the lowest rating for the season. On October 30, 2008, the show climbed to its best performance in adults 18–34 (1.4/4), adults 18–49 (1.5/4) and total viewers (3.6mil) since its season premiere on September 18, 2008.^[194] For the fifth season premiere, viewership increased by 6% in women 18–34 (1.7/5) over the fourth season premiere.^[195] However, taking DVR viewings into account with new Live-Plus 7 Day data, total viewership for the premiere increased 38%, with women 18–34 increasing by 35% and adults 18–34 by 47%.^[196]

Awards and nominations

Reception

The first season received a Metacritic score of 59 out of 100 based on 22 reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews".^[197] The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 69% approval rating for the first season, with an average rating of 6.8/10 based on 13 reviews. The website's consensus reads, "Despite some too-hip dialogue and familiar thematic elements, Supernatural's vigilante brothers manage to stir up some legitimate scares."^[198] Subsequent seasons have also enjoyed positive reviews on the site.^{[199][200][201][202][203][204][205][206]} Tanner Stransky of Entertainment Weekly gave the first season a B, saying the show "comes off as weekly installments of a horror movie series", but that "Adding to the show's cred are the '67 Chevy Impala the boys rumble around in and their kick-ass soundtrack".^[207] Jeff Swindoll of Monsters and Critics "really liked" the first season^[208] for its "horrific content and the brotherly chemistry between its two stars". He also noted that the season finished "with one bang of a cliffhanger".^[209] Swindoll enjoyed the second season, too, saying that it "still works thanks to the brotherly chemistry between Padalecki and Ackles" and noted the second season focused more on the show's mythology.^[208]

Swindoll also liked the third season, saying "Eric Kripke must've sold his soul to the devil so that the show wouldn't suffer a third season slump." He also enjoyed the moments featuring Bobby Singer (Jim Beaver), likening him to the character Cooter from Dukes of Hazzard.^[210] However, Daniel Bettridge of Den of Geek believed that the writer's strike hindered the season, with many issues being left unresolved and the finale feeling "a little rushed". He also felt that new characters Ruby (Katie Cassidy) and Bela (Lauren Cohan) were "disappointingly unexplored and ineffectively used".^[211] While Diana Steenbergen of IGN liked that there was a season-long story arc with Dean's demonic deal, she believed that viewers would know that the pact would not be resolved until the finale, making the self-enclosed episodes feel like they are "treading water, waiting for the main storyline to resume".^[212] In 2008, AOL TV placed the show on its list of TV's Biggest Guilty Pleasures.^[213]

Another Monsters and Critics reviewer, June L., gave the fourth season a positive review, saying the show "remains intriguing and entertaining, giving viewers much to ponder in terms of the philosophical analysis of the nature of good and evil."^[214] Steenbergen felt that the series made a transition from a "pretty good show to being a pretty great show". She praised Misha Collins for his portrayal of the angel Castiel, and felt that the interactions between Dean and Castiel were "one of the highlights of the season".^[215] Before the premiere of the fifth season, Rolling Stone listed the series as one of "The 50 Best Reasons to Watch TV", citing Sam and Dean Winchester as the "Bo and Luke Duke of demon hunting".^[216]

The Chicago Tribune's Maureen Ryan named Supernatural among the top ten shows of 2009, stating that the "thoughtfully crafted show got bolder and more creative in 2009, coming up with hilarious and innovative episodes and taking risks with its storytelling."^[217] Mike Hale of The New York Times also named the series on his top ten list for the year: "Supernatural is currently among the wildest and most entertaining series in prime time."^[218] In 2010, AOL TV ranked Supernatural fourth of the Top 20 Magic/Supernatural Shows of All Time, noting that the show had been compared to The X-Files early in its run before "distinguishing itself as a unique, unpredictable and addictive series that not only features monsters, magic and Lucifer himself, but also boasts a dynamic duo arguably better at the banter than Mulder and Scully -- Sam and Dean Winchester".^[219]

In 2012, Entertainment Weekly listed the show at #19 in the "25 Best Cult TV Shows from the Past 25 Years", saying, "Supernatural began with a pretty straightforward premise – hot guys kill spooky things – but it didn't stay that way for long. The characters have literally been to hell and back, and along the way, they have woven a complicated and compelling mythology filled with friends (angel Castiel), recurring foes (demon Crowley), and inside jokes (Wincest!). Supernatural has also, however, dedicated episodes to mocking the sillier aspects of its own existence, like its hypercritical fandom. This self-referential approach has rewarded longtime viewers and helped build a community so passionate, it's almost scary."^[220]

Syndication

On January 4, 2010, the cable television network TNT began airing reruns of Supernatural.^[221] In Canada, the series has been syndicated on Space, Dusk, ABC Spark, M3, and E!.^{[222][223][224]}

Fandom and popular culture

Being a cult series, Supernatural has garnered a dedicated fanbase.^[225] They are active online,^[226] and many have written fanfiction stories about the show, ranging from Wincest (the romantic pairing of brothers Dean and Sam Winchester) to Destiel (the romantic pairing of Dean Winchester and Castiel) to various other character pairings. The writers have referenced this several times in the series,^[227] including the 200th episode, which makes references to Wincest, Destiel, and Sastiel (the romantic pairing of Sam Winchester and Castiel).^[228]

The first fan conventions dedicated to Supernatural took place in Nashville, Tennessee, in October 2006^[229] and in London in May 2007,^[230] and conventions have since expanded through to Germany and throughout the United States. The series' stars and large guest cast make appearances,^[231] with fans from the United States, Europe, China, and Australia attending.^[42]

Before the debut of the series' fifth season, in which Lucifer is finally freed from his imprisonment, fans attempted to promote the show through Twitter. Enough fans posted the hash tag "#LuciferIsComing" that it made it into "trending topics"^[232][233] — a list depicting words and phrases posted with the highest frequency on the website.^[234] However, Twitter users who were unaware of the fans' intentions responded with numerous posts of "#GodIsHere", and the topic was blocked from Twitter's trending topics after complaints. Actor Misha Collins, who portrays Castiel in the series, tried to continue the campaign by requesting that fans post "#PDiddyIsScaredOfHisTV", rapper P. Diddy being the one whom many fans believe to be the instigator of the initial backlash.^[232][233] However, after an hour, this attempt to trend the topic was also stymied by Twitter.^[235]

Notes

References

External links

Wikiquote has quotations related to: Supernatural (TV series)

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Supernatural (TV series).

• Official website
• Supernatural at the Internet Movie Database
• Supernatural at TV.com

Supernatural Episodes Season 1 "Pilot" "Devil's Trap" Season 2 "What Is and What Should Never Be" "All Hell Breaks Loose" Season 3 "Fresh Blood" "A Very Supernatural Christmas" "Dream a Little Dream of Me" "No Rest for the Wicked" Season 4 "Lazarus Rising" Season 5 "Swan Song" Season 6 Season 7 Season 8 Season 9 Season 10 Season 11 Characters Main Sam Winchester Dean Winchester Ruby Bela Talbot Castiel Crowley Supporting John Winchester Bobby Singer Jo Harvelle Ellen Harvelle Anna Milton Antagonists Azazel Meg Masters Lilith Uriel Alastair Zachariah Wikipedia books Supernatural Seasons of Supernatural Season 1 Season 2 Other Awards and nominations Supernatural Wiki Supernatural: Bloodlines

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