Tangentiality

Tangentiality as a medical symptom is a physical symptom observed in speech that tends to occur in situations where a person is experiencing high anxiety, as a manifestation of the psychosis known as schizophrenia, in dementia or in states of delirium.[1]

Definition

The term refers simplistically to a thought disorder shown from speech with a lack of observance to the main subject of discourse, such that a person whilst speaking on a topic deviates from the topic. Further definition is of speech that deviates from an answer to a question that is relevant in the first instance but deviates from the relevancy to related subjects not involved in a direct answering of the question.[2][3][4] In the context of a conversation or discussion the communication is a response that is ineffective in that the form is inappropriate for adequate understanding.[5] The person's speech seems to indicate that their attention to their own speech has perhaps in some way been overcome during the occurrence of cognition whilst speaking, causing the vocalized content to follow thought that is apparently without reference to the original idea or question; or the person's speech is considered evasive in that the person has decided to provide an answer to a question that is an avoidance of a direct answer.[1]

History

Earlier phenomonological description (Schneider 1930;et al.) allowed for further definition on the basis of formal characteristic rather than content, producing later practice relying upon clinical assessment (Andreasen 1979).[6] The term has undergone a re-definition to refer only to a persons speech in response to a question, and to provide the definition separation from the similar symptoms loosening of association and derailment (Andreasen 1979).[2][7]

Other

According to the St. Louis system for the diagnosis of schizophrenia,[8] tangentiality is significantly associated with a low IQ prior to diagnosis (AU Parnas et al 2007).[9]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 G. David ElkinIntroduction to clinical psychiatry. McGraw-Hill Professional - 1999. Retrieved 2012-01-17.Lange medical book ISBN 0-8385-4333-2
  2. 1 2 P. J. McKenna, Tomasina M. Oh Schizophrenic speech: making sense of bathroots and ponds that fall in doorways - 210 pages. Cambridge University Press, 2005. Retrieved 2012-01-12. ISBN 0-521-81075-2
  3. ↑ Tali Ditman & Gina R. Kuperberg Building coherence : A framework for exploring the breakdown of links across clause boundaries in schizophrenia (PDF). Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging. Retrieved 2012-01-17.
  4. ↑ Howard H. Goldman 2000 - Review of general psychiatry - 583 pages A Lange medical book McGraw-Hill Professional, Retrieved 2012-01-17 ISBN 0-8385-8434-9
  5. ↑ Jeffrey A. Lieberman, T. Scott Stroup, M.D., Diana O. Perkins, M.D. 2011 Essentials of Schizophrenia - 268 pages American Psychiatric Pub, 2 Jun 2011 Retrieved 2012-01-12 ISBN 1-58562-401-2
  6. ↑ S.J.Wood, N.B.Allen & C.Pantelis (Editors) 2009 - The Neuropsychology of Mental Illness Cambridge University Press Retrieved 2012-01-17 ISBN 978-0-521-86289-9
  7. ↑ Branca Telles Ribeiro 23 Jun 1994 - Coherence in psychotic discourse - 320 pages Oxford studies in sociolinguistics Oxford University Press, Retrieved 2012-01-17 ISBN 0-19-506615-4
  8. ↑ Stephens JH, Astrup C, Carpenter WT Jr, Shaffer JW, Goldberg J. - A comparison of nine systems to diagnose schizophrenia.Psychiatry Res. 1982 Apr;6(2):127-43. Retrieved 2012-01-17
  9. ↑ Urfer Parnas A, Jansson L, Handest P, Nielsen J, Sæbye D, Parnas J. - Premorbid IQ varies across different definitions of schizophrenia. World Psychiatry. 2007 Feb;6(1):38-41. Retrieved 2012-01-17
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