Tajalli

Tajalli (Persian: تجلی‎‎, divine self-manifestation) is the appearance and disclosure of God as truth in Islamic theoretical mysticism.[1] Tajalli is a process by which God reveals Himself in concrete forms.[2]

Meaning

Tajalli literally means "manifestation, disclosure and appearance". Mystics use the term to mean "appearance of truth into human heart and universe." The concept is used five times in the Quran, notably in the following verse:

When Musa arrived at our appointed time and his Lord spoke to him, he said: "O Lord, reveal Yourself to me that I may behold You." "You cannot behold Me," He said. "But look at the mountain: If it remains firm in its place you may then behold Me." But when his Lord appeared on the mountain, making it crumble to a heap of dust, and Musa fell unconscious. When he recovered, he said: "All glory to You. I turn to You in repentance, and I am the first to believe." (7. Al-Araf: 143)

Tajalli in theological commentaries

Theologians interpreting the Quran understand tajalli as appearance. They emphasize the concept of seeing God, or Ro'ya. The traditional Ash'aris use the Quranic concept to argue for the possibility of seeing God. To the contrary, Shias and Muta'zilas interpret this verse to prove the impossibility of seeing God.[3]

Tajalli in mysticism

Divine self-manifestation has an important role in epistemology and ontology for mystics. Two concepts are important to Tajalli; one is shams, the sun of truth, and the other is the mirror of the heart. According to the symbolical language of mysticism, the sun is a password of Truth and the mirror is the key to the universe and the heart.[4]

Epistemological meaning

According to epistemological semantics, truth manifests itself in the heart of the man on a mystical journey. Consequently, by manifestation Mystic could achieves to truth. Farer on the way discovers the truth by purifying the heart and in breeding.in other word epistemological meaning of manifestation is in result of two enterprise: first trying of ascetic or Sufi conduct and journey to God. second is divine attraction by God or divine Charisma rapture.some mystics known the attraction of God as sufficient reason of manifestation. Tajalli is also applied as going away the veils of truth namely every things that veils true end. However mystics try to explain the different senses of manifestation, as going away the veils of truth and revealing the truth on the heart of mystic, by diverse languages.[5]

Hierarchy of manifestation

Mystics have many levels to achieve intuitive knowledge of God:

  1. The level of muhazarah or the place of self-eefacement or "Mahv". This level is also called a place of manifestation of conducts of God.
  2. The level of revealing or the place of "Tams". the level is the manifestation of God's attributes.
  3. The level of revealing the essence of God unto ascetic's heart. This stage is also called Mahq.[6]

Ontological meaning

According to ontological sense, the absolute truth manifests itself in the universe like the appearing of the sun of truth in the mirror of universe in in the heart of the Mystic. The absolute manifests itself in multitude forms in different beings.[7]

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Sources

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