Synthesis

Look up synthesis, synthesised, synthesize, or synthesized in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

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In general, the noun synthesis (from the ancient Greek σύνθεσις, σύν "with" and θέσις "placing") refers to a combination of two or more entities that together form something new; alternately, it refers to the creating of something by artificial means. The corresponding verb, to synthesize (or synthesise), means to make or form a synthesis.

Synthesis or synthesize may also refer to:

Science

Chemistry and biochemistry

Chemical synthesis, the execution of chemical reactions to form a more complex molecule from chemical precursors
- Organic synthesis, the chemical synthesis of organic compounds
  - Total synthesis, the complete organic synthesis of complex organic compounds, usually without the aid of biological processes
  - Convergent synthesis or linear synthesis, a strategy to improve the efficiency of multi-step chemical syntheses
- Dehydration synthesis, a chemical synthesis resulting in the loss of a water molecule
- Paal–Knorr synthesis, a chemical reaction named after Carl Paal and Ludwig Knorr
Biosynthesis, the creation of an organic compound in a living organism, usually aided by enzymes
- Photosynthesis, a biochemical reaction using a carbon molecule to produce an organic molecule, using sunlight as a catalyst
- Chemosynthesis, the synthesis of biological compounds into organic waste, using methane or an oxidized molecule as a catalyst
- Amino acid synthesis, the synthesis of an amino acid from its constituents
  - Peptide synthesis, the biochemical synthesis of peptides using amino acids
    - Protein biosynthesis, the multi-step biochemical synthesis of proteins (long peptides)
- DNA synthesis, several biochemical processes for making DNA
  - DNA replication, DNA biosynthesis in vivo
  - Synthesis (cell cycle)
- RNA synthesis, the synthesis of RNA from nucleic acids, using another nucleic acid chain as a template
- ATP synthesis, the biochemical synthesis of ATP

Chemical engineering

Process synthesis, the design of chemical process plants

Physics

Nucleosynthesis, the process of creating new atomic nuclei from pre-existing nucleons

Electronics

Logic synthesis, the process of converting a higher-level form of a design into a lower-level implementation
High-level synthesis, an automated design process that interprets an algorithmic description of a desired behavior and creates hardware that implements that behavior
Frequency synthesizer, an electronic system for generating any of a range of frequencies

Speech and sound creation

Sound synthesis, various methods of sound generation in audio electronics
- Wave field synthesis, a spatial audio rendering technique, characterized by creation of virtual acoustic environments
- Subtractive synthesis, a method of creating a sound by removing harmonics, characterised by the application of an audio filter to an audio signal
- Frequency modulation synthesis, a form of audio synthesis where the timbre of a simple waveform is changed by frequency modulating it with a modulating frequency that is also in the audio range
Speech synthesis, the artificial production of human speech

Humanities

in philosophy, the end result of a dialectic, as in thesis, antithesis, synthesis
a cognitive skill in Benjamin Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives
In philosophy and science, a higher a priori process than analysis
in linguistics, a scale denoting the average ratio of morphemes to words; see synthetic language

Politics

Synthesis anarchism is a form of anarchist organization which tries to join anarchists of different tendencies

Media

Synthesis (magazine), a web site and magazine covering popular culture
Synthesis (journal), a journal of chemical synthesis

Clothing

Synthesis (clothing), a garment or outfit worn in ancient Rome for dining or special occasions