Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA)
स्वच्छ भारत अभियान
PM Modi launches the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
Slogan	One step towards cleanliness
Country	India
Prime Minister	Narendra Modi
Launched	2 October 2014 (2014-10-02) Rajghat, New Delhi
Website	swachhbharat.mygov.in
Status: Active

This article is part of a series about Narendra Modi

Early life and education Public image Early political career Gujarat Legislative Assembly 2002 2007 2012 Prime Minister of India Bharatiya Janata Party campaign for Indian general election, 2014 Inauguration Council of Ministers of Narendra Modi Timeline Mann Ki Baat Global Contributions Foreign policy Asian South Asian Middle Eastern Neighbourhood first Act East policy Trips abroad Yoga Day New Development Bank Solar alliance National Budgets 2014 2015 Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao Sukanya Samriddhi Bharatmala DELP Diamond Quadrilateral HRIDAY Housing for all Jeevan Pramaan Jan Dhan Yojana Mudra Yojana Jeevan Jyoti Suraksha Bima Atal Pension Yojana Adarsh Gram Yojana Gram Jyoti Unnat Bharat Abhiyan SAARC Satellite Campaigns Digital India Make in India Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Skill India Start Up India Missions AMRUT Smart cities TB-Mission 2020 Establishments MUDRA Bank Laws National Waterway Bill, 2015 Works Raahat

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Hindi: स्वच्छ भारत अभियान, English: Clean India Mission and abbreviated as SBA or SBM for "Swachh Bharat Mission") is a national campaign by the Government of India, covering 4,041 statutory cities and towns, to clean the streets, roads and infrastructure of the country.^[1][2][3]

The campaign was officially launched on 2 October 2014 at Rajghat, New Delhi, where Prime Minister Narendra Modi himself cleaned the road. It was performed in remembrance of Mahatma Gandhi's words. It is India's biggest ever cleanliness drive and 3 million government employees and school and college students of India participated in this event.^[4][5] The mission was started by Prime Minister Modi, who nominated nine famous personalities for the campaign, and they took up the challenge and nominated nine more people and so on. It has been carried forward since then with people from all walks of life joining it.

Background

With effect from 1 April 1999, the Government of India restructured the Comprehensive Rural Sanitation Programme and launched the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) which was later (on 1 April 2012) renamed Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA).^[6][7]

On 2 October 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Swachh Bharat Mission, which aims to eradicate open defecation by 2019, thus restructuring the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan.^[7]

Objectives

PM chairs meeting on Mission Swacch Bharat

PM reviews preparations for launch of Mission Swachh Bharat

This campaign aims to accomplish the vision of a 'Clean India' by 2 October 2019, the 150th birthday of Mahatma Gandhi. Specific objectives are:

• Elimination of open defecation
• Conversion of unsanitary toilets to pour flush toilets (a type of pit latrine, usually connected to two pits)
• Eradication of manual scavenging
• 100% collection and processing/disposal/reuse/recycling of municipal solid waste
• A behavioural change in people regarding healthy sanitation practices
• Generation of awareness among citizens about sanitation and its linkages with public health
• Supporting urban local bodies in designing, executing and operating waste disposal systems
• Facilitating private-sector participation in capital expenditure and operation and maintenance costs for sanitary facilities.

Program components

PM Modi launches the Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan

The components of the programme as listed in the SBM guidelines are:

• Construction of individual sanitary (mostly pit latrines) for households below the poverty line with subsidy (80%) where demand exists.
• Conversion of dry latrines (pit latrines without a water seal) into low-cost sanitary latrines.
• Construction of exclusive village sanitary complexes for women providing facilities for hand pumping, bathing, sanitation and washing on a selective basis where there is not adequate land or space within houses and where village panchayats are willing to maintain the facilities.
• Setting up of sanitary marts.
• Total sanitation of villages through the construction of drains, soakage pits, solid and liquid waste disposal.
• Intensive campaign for awareness generation and health education to create a felt need for personal, household and environmental sanitation facilities.
• End of manual scavenging of garbage.

Toilets

The program plans to construct 12 crore toilets in rural India by October 2019, at a projected cost of ₹1.96 lakh crore (US$29 billion).^[8] Prime Minister Narendra Modi spoke of the need for toilets in his 2014 Independence Day speech stating,

Has it ever pained us that our mothers and sisters have to defecate in open? Poor womenfolk of the village wait for the night; until darkness descends, they can`t go out to defecate. What bodily torture they must be feeling, how many diseases that act might engender. Can't we just make arrangements for toilets for the dignity of our mothers and sisters?

— Narendra Modi

Modi also spoke of the need for toilets in schools during the campaign for 2014 Jammu and Kashmir state elections stating,

When the girl student reaches the age where she realises this lack of female toilets in the school she leaves her education midway. As they leave their education midway they remain uneducated. Our daughters must also get equal chance to quality education. After 60 years of independence there should have been separate toilets for girl students in every school. But for the past 60 years they could not provide separate toilets to girls and as result the female students had to leave their education midway.^[9]

— Narendra Modi

As of May 2015, 14 companies including Tata Consulting Services, Mahindra Group and Rotary International have pledged to construct 3,195 new toilets. As of the same month, 71 Public Sector Undertakings in India supported the construction of 86,781 new toilets.^[10]

Between April 2014 and January 2015, 31.83 lakh toilets were built. Karnataka led all States in construction of toilets under the programme, while Punjab built the least.^[8] As of August 2015, 80 lakh toilets have been constructed under the program.^[11]

Finance

BSE contributes ₹1.01 crore (US$150,000) to Swachh Bharat Kosh

In the 12th Five Year plan (2012–17), the previous UPA government allocated ₹37159 crore (US$5.5 billion) for rural sanitation under its Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan scheme. The UPA used ₹4724 crore (US$700 million) of allocated funds, leaving the Modi government with ₹32435 crore (US$4.8 billion). The programme has also received funding and technical support from the World Bank, corporations as part of corporate social responsibility initiatives, and by state governments under the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan and Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan schemes.^[8] Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is expected to cost over ₹62000 crore (US$9.1 billion).^[3][12]

Ambassadors

Manisha Koirala at Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in November 2014

Cyclist on nationwide yatra to generate awareness about Swachhta Abhiyan, calls on Prime Minister Narendra Modi

Selected public figures

Modi selected 9 public figures to propagate this campaign.^[13][14] They are:

Urban Development Minister M. Venkaiah Naidu picked up a broom to help clean the cyclone-hit port city of Visakhapatnam in the southern state of Andhra Pradesh, as part of the cleanliness campaign.^[15][16]

Civil servants like Rohini Sindhuri (IAS) are doing well to promote the SBA campaign.

Brand ambassadors

File:PM Modi participates in Shramdaan as part of Swachhta Abhiyan at Assi Ghat, Varanasi

Venkaiah Naidu listed brand ambassadors in various fields:

On 2 October 2014, Prime Minister Modi nominated nine people including

He also nominated some organisations, including the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, Eenadu and India Today besides dabbawala of Mumbai, who deliver home-made food to lakhs of people in the city.

On 8 November 2014, Modi carried the message to Uttar Pradesh and nominated another set of nine people for the state.^[19][20]

More than 3 million government employees and school and college students are to participate in the drive.^[4][21]

Criticism

Some regard the motives of Prime Minister Modi as purely political. The prime minister nominated people who were supposed to do some cleaning-up. They would then nominate others, and so slowly the whole of India would be involved. Thus, anyone seeing a participant in the scheme, especially a celebrity, would inevitably link their actions to Modi, building up his reputation.^[22]

Other activities

Run

A Swachh Bharat Run was organized at the Rashtrapati Bhavan on 2 October 2014. According to a statement from the Rashtrapati Bhavan around 1500 people participated and the event was flagged off by President Pranab Mukherjee. Participants in the run included officers and their families.^[23]

Apps

• The Times of India published an article on how "Desi companies beat Facebook in 'Swachh' apps race".^[24]
• Vocativ wrote of one such app that it could change the relationship between government and people.^[25]
• Inc42 Magazine published another article on the vision of Clean India Apps.^[26]

Real-time monitoring

The government will be launching a nationwide real-time monitoring system for toilets constructed under the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. For this the government of India is bringing awareness among the people through quite good advertisements . With this system, the government aims to attain a 100% open defecation free India by 2019.^[27]

Updates from NGOs

While growing interest in progress of the mission, both private as well as government started releasing progress reports. Swachh Bharat App Tumblr Feed^[28] provides updates from Individual groups, corporates & twitter users in general about group cleaning events, status of cleanliness across India or opinions on the objectives of Clean India mission.A recent study by Public Affairs Centre finds that participation of beneficiaries in their toilet construction ensures better usage.^[29]

Society and culture

Media

• TheBetterIndia.com published an article on updates on Silent Swachhata Revolution^[30] led by children In over 1 Lakh Villages In India during the 16–22 March Cleanliness awareness week led by Govt of India & how a citizen can inform the Prime Minister of India about garbage issues ^[31] via twitter based app.
• NIT Rourkela PhD students and Sacred Heart School Students,Tumkur have made a short film on Swachh Bharat, conveying the message that Swachh Bharat is not a one-day event but should be part of life, in order for the goal of a clean India to be achieved.^[32]
• The Indo Nepal Doctors Association has also taken inspiration from the Prime Minister of India and on 3 January 2015 launched Swachh Bharat Nepal - Swasth Bharat Nepal Abhiyan at the Indo-Nepali border region of Sunauli-Belihiya, which is the entry to the birthplace of the Buddha, Lumbini, Nepal.
• Swachh Bharat App has "Swachh Bharat Updates". section to showcase daily crowd-sourced updates(songs, videos & news) on Clean India initiatives from across the country.

Latest list of clean cities of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

Leaders : Rank City 1 Mysuru 2 Chandigarh 3 Tiruchirapalli 4 New Delhi Municipal Council 5 Visakhapatnam 6 Surat 7 Rajkot 8 Gangtok 9 Pimprichindwad 10 Greater Mumbai 11 Pune 12 Navi Mumbai 13 Vadodara 14 Ahmedabad 15 Imphal Aspiring Leaders: Rank City 16 Panaji 17 Thane 18 Coimbatore 19 Hyderabad 20 Nagpur 21 Bhopal 22 Allahabad 23 Vijayawada 24 Bhubaneswar 25 Indore 26 Madurai 27 Shimla 28 Lucknow 29 Jaipur 30 Gwalior 31 Nashik 32 Warangal 33 Agartala 34 Ludhiana 35 Vasai-Virar Acceleration required: Rank City 36 Chennai 37 Gurgaon 38 Bengaluru 39 South Muncipal Corporation of Delhi 40 Thiruvananthapuram 41 Aizawl 42 Gandhinagar 43 North MCD 44 Kozhikode 45 Kanpur 46 Durg 47 Agra 48 Srinagar 49 Amritsar 50 Guwahati 51 Faridabad 52 East MCD 53 Shillong Slow Movers: Rank City 54 Hubbali-Dharwad (Karnataka) 55 Kochi 56 Aurangabad 57 Jodhpur 58 Kota 59 Cuttack 60 Kohima 61 Dehradun 62 Ranchi 63 Jabalpur 64 Kalyan Dombivili (Maharashtra) 65 Varanasi 66 Jamshedpur 67 Ghaziabad 68 Raipur 69 Meerut 70 Patna 71 Itanagar 72 Asansol 73 Dhanbad

See also

• Government of India
• Digital India
• India.gov.in
• MyGov.in
• Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan

References

External links

Media related to Swachh Bharat Abhiyan at Wikimedia Commons

• "Swachh Bharat Updates". 
• "Ministry of Urban Development (MOUD)". 
• "INB Ministry". 
• "PM India Official". 
• "Swachh Bharat Gramin". 
• "Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation". 
• "Ministry of External Affairs". 
• "Swachh Bharat Website". 
• "Swachh Bharat Urban". 
• "Nirmal Bharat - Swachh Bharat". 
• "Toilet Beneficiary". 
• "Swachh Bharat Mobile App". 
• "Swachh Bharat - How to Donate".