Surgut
| Surgut (English) Сургут (Russian) | |
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| - City[1] - | |
 Lenina Street in Surgut | |
.svg.png) Location of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug in Russia | |
  Surgut | |
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| Administrative status (as of December 2009) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug[1] |
| Administratively subordinated to | city of okrug significance of Surgut[1] |
| Administrative center of | Surgutsky District,[1] city of okrug significance of Surgut[1] |
| Municipal status (as of December 2009) | |
| Urban okrug | Surgut Urban Okrug[2] |
| Administrative center of | Surgut Urban Okrug,[2] Surgutsky Municipal District[2] |
| Mayor | Dmitry Popov |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 306,675 inhabitants[3] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 62nd |
| Time zone | YEKT (UTC+05:00)[4] |
| Founded | 1594 |
| City status since | June 25, 1965 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 3462 |
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| Surgut on Wikimedia Commons | |
Surgut (Russian: Сургут; IPA: [sʊrˈgut]) is a city in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located on the Ob River near its junction with the Irtysh River. It is one of the few cities in Russia to be larger than the capital or the administrative center of its federal subject in terms of population, economic activity, and tourist traffic. Population: 340,845 (2015); 306,675 (2010 Census);[3] 285,027 (2002 Census);[5] 247,823 (1989 Census).[6]
History
It was founded in 1594 by order of Tsar Feodor I and is one of the oldest settlements in Siberia. The name of the city, according to one tradition, originates from the Khanty words "sur" (fish) and "gut" (hole, pit).
The urbanization of Surgut took place in the 1960s, when it became a center of oil and gas production. On June 25, 1965 the work settlement of Surgut was granted town status. The city's holiday is celebrated annually on June 12. The current mayor is Dmitry Valeryevich Popov (since 2010). Ex-mayor Alexander Sidorov (since 1996) oversaw the construction of the Surgut Bridge, the longest one-tower cable-stayed bridge in the world.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it serves as the administrative center of Surgutsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the city of okrug significance of Surgut—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the city of okrug significance of Surgut is incorporated as Surgut Urban Okrug.[2]
Economy
The city is home to the largest port on the Ob River, the largest road/railway junction in northwest Siberia, and two of the world's most powerful power plants, the GRES-1 and GRES-2, which produce over 7,200 megawatts and supply most of the region with relatively cheap electricity.
Surgut's economy is tied to oil production (the city is known as "The Oil Capital of Russia") and the processing of natural gas. The most important enterprises are the oil firm Surgutneftegaz and Surgutgazprom (a unit of Gazprom). The Surgut-2 Power Station providing Energy for the city is the largest gas-fired power station in the world.
Transportation
The city is served by the Surgut International Airport, which offers flights to Moscow, St. Petersburg, Dubai, Irkutsk, and a number of other cities.
The Tyumen–Novy Urengoy railway line passes near the city. Going towards Tyumen, the next station is Salym, where Royal Dutch Shell has a substantial development. This section of the route takes about six hours. Road P-404 connects Surgut with Tyumen.
There is a port on the Ob River.
Climate
Surgut features a continental subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc), with long and very cold winters and short but relatively warm summers. Precipitation is moderate, and is higher from May to October, when rain is more frequent, than in the rest of the year, when snow is more frequent.
| Climate data for Surgut | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 2.7 (36.9) |
6.5 (43.7) |
10.3 (50.5) |
23.0 (73.4) |
31.8 (89.2) |
33.5 (92.3) |
35.2 (95.4) |
30.3 (86.5) |
27.4 (81.3) |
20.7 (69.3) |
8.2 (46.8) |
2.5 (36.5) |
35.2 (95.4) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −16.3 (2.7) |
−14.2 (6.4) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
1.6 (34.9) |
10.6 (51.1) |
18.9 (66) |
22.4 (72.3) |
18.2 (64.8) |
10.8 (51.4) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−8.3 (17.1) |
−14.2 (6.4) |
2.3 (36.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −20.0 (−4) |
−18.3 (−0.9) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
5.8 (42.4) |
14.4 (57.9) |
18.2 (64.8) |
14.4 (57.9) |
7.4 (45.3) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
−11.5 (11.3) |
−18.0 (−0.4) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −23.4 (−10.1) |
−22 (−8) |
−13.6 (7.5) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
1.7 (35.1) |
10.1 (50.2) |
14.0 (57.2) |
10.8 (51.4) |
4.6 (40.3) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
−14.6 (5.7) |
−21.7 (−7.1) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −54.2 (−65.6) |
−55.2 (−67.4) |
−48.7 (−55.7) |
−39.7 (−39.5) |
−22 (−8) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−30.7 (−23.3) |
−46.9 (−52.4) |
−55 (−67) |
−55.2 (−67.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 25 (0.98) |
22 (0.87) |
28 (1.1) |
34 (1.34) |
58 (2.28) |
57 (2.24) |
76 (2.99) |
69 (2.72) |
85 (3.35) |
55 (2.17) |
39 (1.54) |
32 (1.26) |
580 (22.83) |
| Average rainy days | 0.3 | 0.1 | 1 | 6 | 12 | 14 | 12 | 15 | 15 | 12 | 3 | 1 | 91.4 |
| Average snowy days | 22 | 18 | 15 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 20 | 23 | 124 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 81 | 79 | 75 | 69 | 65 | 65 | 67 | 76 | 79 | 84 | 84 | 82 | 75.5 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 31 | 95 | 147 | 218 | 252 | 261 | 311 | 217 | 136 | 70 | 46 | 23 | 1,807 |
| Source #1: Pogoda.ru.net[7] | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: NOAA (sun only, 1961-1990)[8] | |||||||||||||
Sports
- Universitet Surgut, basketball team playing in the Russian Basketball Super League
- Gazprom-Yugra is a men's volleyball club competing in the Russian Volleyball Super League and playing its home matches at the Premier Arena
International relations
Surgut is twinned with:
Katerini, Greece
Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States
Zalaegerszeg, Hungary
Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine[9]
See also
References
Notes
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Law #43-oz
- 1 2 3 4 Law #63-oz
- 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ "Pogoda.ru.net" (in Russian). Retrieved January 18, 2013.
- ↑ "Climate Normals for Surgut". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
- ↑ Офіційний сайт міста Івано-Франківська. mvk.if.ua (in Ukrainian). Retrieved March 7, 2010.
Sources
- Дума Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа — Югры. Закон №43-оз от 7 июля 2004 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа — Югры и порядке его изменения», в ред. Закона №129-оз от 9 декабря 2015 г. «Об изменениях административно-территориального устройства Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа — Югры и о внесении изменений в отдельные Законы Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа — Югры». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Новости Югры", №83, 17 июля 2004 г. (Duma of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra. Law #43-oz of July 7, 2004 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra and on the Procedures for Its Change, as amended by the Law #129-oz of December 9, 2015 On the Changes to the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra and on Amending Various Laws of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra. Effective as of the day which after ten days after the official publication date.).
- Дума Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа — Югры. Закон №63-оз от 25 ноября 2004 г. «О статусе и границах муниципальных образований Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа — Югры», в ред. Закона №129-оз от 9 декабря 2015 г. «Об изменениях административно-территориального устройства Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа — Югры и о внесении изменений в отдельные Законы Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа — Югры». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня официального опубликования и до 1 января 2006 года применяется в целях реализации статей 84, 85 Федерального закона от 06.10.2003 №131-ФЗ. Опубликован: "Новости Югры", №143, 7 декабря 2004 г. (Duma of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra. Law #63-oz of November 25, 2004 On the Status and Borders of the Municipal Formations of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra, as amended by the Law #129-oz of December 9, 2015 On the Changes to the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra and on Amending Various Laws of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra. Effective as of the day which after ten days after the official publication date; also in effect until January 1, 2006 in order to meet the requirements of Articles 84, 85 of the Federal Law #131-FZ of October 6, 2003.).
External links
- Official website of Surgut (Russian)
- Surgut Information Portal (Russian)
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