Surendra of Nepal
| Surendra Bikram Shah | |
|---|---|
| King of Nepal | |
 Picture of King Surendra Bikram Shah with two body guards taken by the then British Assistant Resident Clarence Comyn Taylor around 1862 - 1865. | |
| Reign | 12 May 1847 – 17 May 1881 |
| Coronation | 12 May 1847[1] |
| Predecessor | Rajendra Bikram Shah |
| Successor | Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah |
| Born |
20 October 1829 Basantapur, Nepal |
| Died |
17 May 1881 (aged 51) Basantapur, Nepal |
| Spouse |
Sura Rajya Laxmi Devi Trailokya Rajya Laxmi Devi Deva Rajya Laxmi Devi |
| Issue |
Crown Prince Trailokya Prince Narendra Princess Tika (among others) |
| Dynasty | Shah dynasty |
| Dynasty | House of Shah |
| Father | Rajendra Bikram Shah |
| Mother | Samrajya Lakshmi Devi |
| Religion | Hinduism |
Surendra Bikram Shah (Nepali: सुरेन्द्र बिक्रम शाह) (1829–1881) was King of Nepal between 1847 and 1881. He became king after Prime Minister Jung Bahadur Rana forced the abdication of Surendra's father, Rajendra Bikram Shah. Surendra wielded little real power, with Jang Bahadur Rana effectively ruling the country during Surendra's reign.
Early life
Surendra was the son of King Rajendra and his first wife, Queen Samarjaya. He was born the crown prince of Nepal and was relatively unpopular.
Name Surendra means "Chief of Deities".
Prince regent
Surendra's stepmother, Queen Rajya Lakshmi, was ambitious to have her son, Prince Ranendra, sit on the throne. However, Jung Bahadur- who was ambitious and wanted power- might have cooperated with Rajyalakshmi for his own motive. After the Kot massacre, in which Jung Bahadur managed to eliminate a large number of nobles, Jung Bahadur turned against the queen, who in turn plotted to kill him (though the plot failed). Thinking Queen Rajyalakshmi might be a threat to him, Jung Bahadur- who had become the prime minister- exiled Rajyalakshmi to Varanasi. King Rajendra also accompanied her to Varanasi. Before leaving, he made Surendra the prince regent. However, later Jung Bahadur Rana forced the abdication of King Rajendra and then Surendra was made the king.[2]
Life as the king
King Surendra was like a prisoner in his own palace: with the exception of his immediate family, nobody could visit him without the permission of Jung Bahadur Rana. The king was only allowed to read literature. Frustrated at all these, the king wanted to abdicate in favor of his eldest son Trailokya, but the Rana prime minister did not allow it.
Surendra was allowed to meet his father, the ex-king Rajendra, once every month. Rajendra continued to live under house arrest until his death.
In 1856, King Surendra issued a sanad- which formalized the dominance and political leadership of the Kunwar family- the family of Jung Bahadur Rana. The king and his descendants could use the honorific title of 'Shri' five times with their names, while the members of the Kunwar family used the title thrice- placing the Kunwar family in a rank that was second only to the royal family. While Surendra remained the king (Maharajadhiraja), he had little power; Jung Bahadur Rana ruled the country.[3]
Surendra's son, General and Crown Prince Trailokya Bir Bikram Shah Deva married three of Jung Bahadur Rana's daughters, Tara Rajya Laxmi Devi, Lalit Rajeshwori Rajya Laxmi Devi and Hiranyagarbha Kumari Devi.[4] Trilokya died in 1878, and Trilokya's son Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah became heir to the throne.
Death
Surendra died in 1881. His grandson Prithvi succeeded him as the king of Nepal.
References
External links
| Surendra of Nepal Born: 20 October 1829 Died: 17 May 1881 | ||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Rajendra Bikram Shah |
King of Nepal 1847–1881 |
Succeeded by Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah |