Spinalis

Spinalis
Deep muscles of the back (spinalis dorsi visible at center. Other spinalis muscles not visible).
Details
Origin	Thoracis: Spinous process of upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae. Cervicis: nuchal ligament and spinous process of C7.
Insertion	Thoracis: Spinous process of upper thoracic vertebrae. Cervicis: Spinous process of cervical vertebrae except atlas.
Artery	Lateral sacral artery
Nerve	Posterior branch of spinal nerve
Actions	Laterally: Flex the head and neck to the same side. Bilaterally: Extend the vertebral column.
Antagonist	Rectus abdominis muscle
Identifiers
Latin	Musculus spinalis
Dorlands /Elsevier	m_22/12550873
TA	A04.3.02.015
FMA	77179
*Anatomical terms of muscle* [edit on Wikidata]

The spinalis is a portion of the erector spinae, a bundle of muscles and tendons, located nearest to the spine. It is divided into three parts: Spinalis dorsi, spinalis cervicis, and spinalis capitis.

Spinalis dorsi

Spinalis dorsi, the medial continuation of the sacrospinalis, is scarcely separable as a distinct muscle. It is situated at the medial side of the longissimus dorsi, and is intimately blended with it; it arises by three or four tendons from the spinous processes of the first two lumbar and the last two thoracic vertebrae: these, uniting, form a small muscle which is inserted by separate tendons into the spinous processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae, the number varying from four to eight.

It is intimately united with the semispinalis dorsi, situated beneath it.

Spinalis cervicis

Spinalis cervicis, or spinalis colli, is an inconstant muscle, which arises from the lower part of the nuchal ligament, the spinous process of the seventh cervical, and sometimes from the spinous processes of the first and second thoracic vertebrae, and is inserted into the spinous process of the axis, and occasionally into the spinous processes of the two cervical vertebrae below it.

Spinalis capitis

Spinalis capitis (biventer cervicis) is usually inseparably connected with the semispinalis capitis.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

Anatomy figure: 01:06-04 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Intrinsic muscles of the back."
Dissection at ithaca.edu

Muscles of thorax and back

Back

splenius	capitis cervicis

erector spinae	iliocostalis longissimus spinalis

transversospinales	semispinalis thoracis semispinalis cervicis semispinalis capitis multifidus rotatores interspinales intertransversarii

Vertebral column	trapezius latissimus dorsi rhomboid major minor levator scapulae

Fascia	thoracolumbar fascia

Thorax

Intercostal muscle external internal innermost subcostalis transversus thoracis levatores costarum serratus posterior inferior superior thoracic diaphragm

Thoracic cavity	pectoralis major pectoralis minor subclavius serratus anterior sternalis

Fascia	pectoral fascia clavipectoral fascia

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