Southeast Europe

Geographic features of southeast Europe
The European regional grouping according to The World Factbook:
  Central Europe
  Eastern Europe
  Southeastern Europe

Southeast Europe or Southeastern Europe is a geographical region of Europe, consisting primarily of the Balkan peninsula. Sovereign states that are generally included in Southeastern Europe are, in alphabetical order, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Kosovo,[lower-alpha 1] Moldova, Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, and partially Turkey, Italy and Slovenia. These boundaries can vary greatly due to the political, economic, historical, cultural, and geographic considerations of the observer and as such are widely disputed.

Definition

The first known use of the term "Southeast Europe" was by Austrian researcher Johann Georg von Hahn (1811–1869) as a broader term than the traditional "Balkans".[1]

Balkans model

Main article: Balkans
The Balkan Peninsula, as defined by the Danube-Sava-Kupa line

This concept is based on the boundaries of the Balkan peninsula. The countries that have been described as being entirely within the region are: Albania, Kosovo,[2] Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Macedonia and Montenegro.[3] Countries that are, at least partially, described to be within the region are: Croatia, Greece, Italy, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia and Turkey.[4]

States in Southeast Europe

Regions within other states

Southern Italy, where the population has prehistoric genetic ties to the Balkans,[8] was part of the ancient Greek world, and where linguistic minorities speak various Balkan languages.

East Thrace, Turkey – the area immediately north of the Bosphorus, constituting approximately three per cent of Turkey's land area. East Thrace comprises Edirne Province, Kırklareli Province, Tekirdağ Province, and part of Istanbul Province.

Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe model

Political view of Balkans

The Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe was an institution aimed at strengthening peace, democracy, human rights and economy in the countries of South Eastern Europe from 1999 to 2008. It was replaced by the Regional Cooperation Council (RCC) in February 2008. The RCC replaced the Stability Pact, which was driven more by outside partners such as the EU, the US, Japan and Turkey, and the countries included were: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, and Serbia.

South East Europe Transnational Cooperation Program

The South East Europe (SEE) program is a program set up within the framework of the Regional Policy's Territorial Cooperation Objective of the European Union in order to improve integration and competitiveness in the area. It had 235,6 million euro of funding available from 2007-2013.[9]

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 Kosovo is the subject of a territorial dispute between the Republic of Kosovo and the Republic of Serbia. The Republic of Kosovo unilaterally declared independence on 17 February 2008, but Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own sovereign territory. The two governments began to normalise relations in 2013, as part of the Brussels Agreement. Kosovo has been recognised as an independent state by 108 out of 193 United Nations member states.

References

  1. ↑ Hösch, Nehring, Sundhaussen (Hrsg.), Lexikon zur Geschichte Südosteuropas, S. 663, ISBN 3-8252-8270-8
  2. ↑ Kosovo is the subject of a territorial dispute between the Republic of Kosovo and the Republic of Serbia. The Republic of Kosovo unilaterally declared independence on 17 February 2008, but Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own sovereign territory. The two governments began to normalise relations in 2013, as part of the Brussels Agreement. Kosovo has been recognised as an independent state by 108 out of 193 United Nations member states.
  3. ↑ Istituto Geografico De Agostini, L'Enciclopedia Geografica – Vol.I – Italia, 2004, Ed. De Agostini p.78
  4. ↑ Jelavich, Barbara (1983). History of the Balkans: Eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Cambridge University Press. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-521-27458-6.
  5. ↑ Armstrong, Werwick. Anderson, James (2007). "Borders in Central Europe: From Conflict to Cooperation". Geopolitics of European Union Enlargement: The Fortress Empire. Routledge. p. 165. ISBN 978-1-134-30132-4.
  6. ↑ Andrew Geddes,Charles Lees,Andrew Taylor : "The European Union and South East Europe: The Dynamics of Europeanization and multilevel goverance", 2013, Routledge
  7. ↑ Klaus Liebscher, Josef Christl, Peter Mooslechner, Doris Ritzberger-Grünwald : "European Economic Integration and South-East Europe: Challenges and Prospects", 2005, Edward Elgar Publishing Limited
  8. ↑ Most men in southern and central Italy possess Y-DNA from haplogroup J, which is predominantly found in southwest Asia, whereas most of those in northern Italy have haplogroup R1b, which is most often found in western Europe. (See, for instance: F. Brisighelli , V. Álvarez-Iglesias, M. Fondevila, A. Blanco-Verea, Á. Carracedo, V. L. Pascali, C. Capelli, & A. Salas, 2012, “Uniparental Markers of Contemporary Italian Population Reveals Details on Its Pre-Roman Heritage”, PLOS (2 May 2015).
  9. ↑ www.southeast-europe.net/en
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