Sivasagar district

This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Sivasagar.
Sivasagar district
শিৱসাগৰ জিলা
District of Assam

Location of Sivasagar district in Assam
Country India
State Assam
Administrative division Sivasagar Division
Headquarters Sivasagar
Tehsils 1. Amguri 2. Gaurisagar 3. Sivasagar 4. Demow 5. Nazira 6. Lakowa
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituencies 1. Jorhat
 • Assembly seats 1. Amguri, 2. Sivasagar 3. Thowra 4. Nazira
Area
 • Total 2,668 km2 (1,030 sq mi)
Population (2011)
 • Total 1,150,253
 • Density 430/km2 (1,100/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Literacy 81.36 %
 • Sex ratio 951 per 1000 male
Major highways NH-37
Website Official website

Sivasagar district {Pron: ˈsɪvəˌsʌgə(r) or ˈʃɪvəˌsʌgə(r)} (Assamese: শিৱসাগৰ জিলা), formerly known as Sibsagar, is one of the 32 districts of Assam state in north-eastern India. Sivasagar city is the administrative headquarters of this district.It is known for its rich and diverse biodiversity.[1] The districts covers an area of 2668 square kilometers as against total area of 78438 square kilometers of Assam as per census of 2001. The district comprises two sub-divisions – Sivasagar and Nazira. The district of Sivasagar lies between 26.45°N and 27.15°N latitudes and 94.25°E and 95.25°E longitudes. The district is bounded by the Brahmaputra River on the north, the Nagaland on the south, the Charaideo district on the east and the Jhanji River on the west. The Sivasagar district has got its definite identity due to its different races, tribes, languages and cultures.

History

Before the British period, the center of the administration of Assam was around Sivasagar where the famous Ahoms ruled for nearly six hundred years. The Ahom kings special care to build different temples, dedicated to various deities and dig big tanks which till today stand out as memorials to their glory in the district.[1] The Sivasagar was the capital of the Ahom Kingdom since 1699 to 1788. The famous Joysagar Tank was excavated within 45 days by Rudra Sinha (1696-1714) in memory of his mother Joymoti Kunwari. The Joy Dol is situated on the bank of Joysagar Tank. Pramatta Sinha (1744-1751) built the Ranghar with bricks in 1745. Gaurisagar Tank is situated about eight miles of Sivasagar town. The Sivasagar Tank was excavated by queen Ambika Devi in 1733. The Siva Dol, Vishnu Dol and Devi Dol are situated on the bank of Sivasagar Tank. Rajeshwar Sinha (1751-1769) built the Kareng Ghar in Gargaon. Charaideo, about 28 kilometers away from Sivasagar, is famous for Maidams. Sukapha, the first Ahom king, constructed Charaideo in 1253. Sivasagar was earlier known as Rongpur and Rongpur was earlier known as Meteka.[2] The original name of Sivasagar district was Sibpur. At last on February 24, 1826, the treaty of Yandabo confirmed the British occupation of Assam. This treaty of Yandabo brought the about six hundred year Ahom periods to an end. After the 1826, the British rule in Assam a number of changes were affected in the administrative line like the formation of districts. The Sivasagar district was created after the annexation of Purandar Sinha’s dominion of upper Assam in 1839. The Sadar headquarter of Sivasagar was transferred to Jorhat in 1912-13. The undivided old Sivasagar district comprised three subdivisions, namely Sivasagar, Jorhat and Golaghat. In 1983, the undivided Sivasagar district was reorganized and formed Jorhat district.[3] This was repeated 15 August 1987 with the creation of Golaghat district.[3]

Geography

One of the best city of Eastern India.Sivasagar is one of the cleanest town in Assam .The district is situated between 26.45° and 27.15° north latitudes and 94.25° and 95.25° east longitudes. Sivasagar district occupies an area of 2,668 square kilometres (1,030 sq mi),[4] comparatively equivalent to Estonia's Saaremaa Island.[5]

The Naga Hills lie towards the South, while the Brahmaputra river is on the North. The district is mostly flat alluvial plain with hillocks on south-eastern and southern areas near Nagaland border.

Economy

The main industries in Sivasagar are oil industry,tea industry & tourism industry. Majority of the population are agrarian.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Sivasagar district has a population of 1,150,253,[6] roughly equal to the nation of Timor-Leste[7] or the US state of Rhode Island.[8] This gives it a ranking of 406th in India (out of a total of 640).[6] The district has a population density of 431 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,120/sq mi) .[6] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 9.37%.[6] Sivasagar has a sex ratio of 951 females for every 1000 males,[6] and a literacy rate of 81.36%.[6]

Hindus 927,706 (88.16%), Muslims 85,761 (8.15%). The main communities living in the district are Ahoms, Sutiya, Tea-tribes (Adivasi), Sonowal Kacharis, Mising and Deori. There are also a few villages of Buddhist tribes like Khamyang and Turung people. Moreover there is a small population of Konyak, Manipuri and Nocte living in certain parts of the district.

Flora and fauna

In 1999, Sivasagar district became home to the Pani Dihing Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 34 km2 (13.1 sq mi).[9] There are also many reserve forests like Abhaypur, Dilli, Diroi, Geleky and Saleh. There are some unclassified forests along the Nagaland and Arunachal border. The vegetation is mostly tropical evergreen with trees like hollong, titachapa, nahor, mekai etc. dominating the canopy. The district is also rich in fauna. Various rare and endangered mammals like tiger, elephant, sun bear, sambar, hoolock gibbon are found in the reserve forests.

Festivals and fairs

The Bihus are the most popular agricultural festival in the district.[2] The Bohag Bihu marks the advent of the cropping season, the Magh Bihu marks as harvesting festivals and Kati Bihu marks as lean period of agriculture. The Vaishnavis observes the birth and death anniversaries of the prominent Vaishnava saints in the district. Tribal communities like the Mishings and Deoris also perform Bihu in their own styles. Id-ul-Zuha and Id-ul-fiter are religious festivals of Muslims. Other Hindu festivals are Ambubashi, Durga Puja and Sivaratri in the district. The Sivaratri Mela of Siva Dol in Sivasagar town has been observed since the Ahom days.[2] Tea tribes are maintaining their own culture and tradition in their day-to-day life. Jhumur dance and song is one of their prime cultural activities.

Sivasagar Day

Sivasagar District celebrate Sivasagar Day on July, the 1st of every year. The day is celebrate with some cultural programs and cultural rally along with the event of plantation on the entire Sivasagar District.

References

  1. 1 2 District at a glance, Sivasagar. Office of the Deputy Director of Economics and Statistics, Sivasagar. 2001.
  2. 1 2 3 The North East Times, Special supplement (1995). Sivasagar District. Guwahati: G L Publications.
  3. 1 2 Law, Gwillim (2011-09-25). "Districts of India". Statoids. Retrieved 2011-10-11.
  4. ↑ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Assam: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. p. 1116. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7.
  5. ↑ "Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area". United Nations Environment Program. 1998-02-18. Retrieved 2011-10-11. Saaremaa 2,672km2
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  7. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 2011-10-01. Timor-Leste 1,177,834 July 2011 est. line feed character in |quote= at position 12 (help)
  8. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Rhode Island 1,052,567 line feed character in |quote= at position 13 (help)
  9. ↑ Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: Assam". Retrieved September 25, 2011.

External links

 Jorhat district Lakhimpur District Dibrugarh district
Jorhat district Dibrugarh district
   Sivasagar district  
Mokokchung district, Nagaland Longleng district, Nagaland Mon district, Nagaland

Coordinates: 26°59′03.90″N 94°37′53.07″E / 26.9844167°N 94.6314083°E / 26.9844167; 94.6314083

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