Hew Whitefoord Dalrymple
| Sir Hew Dalrymple | |
|---|---|
 Sir Hew Dalrymple, 1st Baronet, by John Jackson, 1831 | |
| Born |
3 December 1750 Ayr, Scotland |
| Died |
9 April 1830 (aged 79) London, England |
| Buried at | Aldenham, Hertfordshire |
| Allegiance |
 United Kingdom |
| Service/branch |
 British Army |
| Rank | General |
| Commands held | Northern District |
| Battles/wars | Peninsular War |
General Sir Hew Whitefoord Dalrymple, 1st Baronet (3 December 1750 – 9 April 1830) was a British Army general and Governor of Gibraltar.
Military career
Dalrymple was commissioned as an ensign into the 31st Regiment of Foot in 1763,[1] was promoted Lieutenant in 1766 and Captain in 1768. He took time out from the Army to study at Edinburgh University from 1767 to 1768.[1] Dalrymple was knighted in 1779 thanks to the influence of his family. Lieutenant-Colonel of the 68th Foot in 1781, he became Colonel of the 37th Foot on 18 November 1790, then transferred to the 1st Foot Guards. In 1793 he commanded a composite battalion of grenadiers in Lake’s brigade under York in the Flanders Campaign, and saw action at Raismes 8 May, Famars 23 May, the Siege of Valenciennes 13 June – 28 July, and the Siege of Dunkirk 25 August – 10 September. He returned to Britain early in 1794 and was made Major-General on 3 October. In 1796 he was appointed Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey.[1] On 1 January 1801 he was promoted Lieutenant-General. Then from 1802 to 1806 he was General Officer Commanding Northern District.[1] In 1806 he became Governor of Gibraltar.[1]
In 1806 Dalrymple served under Fox at Gibraltar. After Fox’s departure he was made Acting Governor of Gibraltar, replacing Gordon Drummond, November 1806– August 1808.
In 1808 he was appointed Commander of the Portuguese Expedition, landing on 22 August after Junot’s defeat at Vimiero to replace Wellesley & Burrard. He immediately halted Wellesley’s pursuit of the beaten French to Lisbon. Lacking either confidence or intelligence, or both, on 31 August Dalrymple signed a truce with Junot allowing him to return to France in British ships with all his weapons & men.[1] This infamous truce, known as the Convention of Cintra,[2] was denounced both in London and in Portugal.[1] Dalrymple sailed for home to face an enquiry 4 October, and never held a field command again.
Sir John Moore said he “was never able to determine on any point whatever”.[3] "Sir Hew, having never had the experience of command, seems quite at a loss how to work with the different heads of department; the troops suffer”.[4]
Colonel of the 57th Foot 1811, and promoted General 1 January 1812 through seniority. He was made Governor of Blackness Castle 1818.[1]
Miscellaneous
- He was nicknamed "Dowager" by the army.
- Dalrymple was played by John Woodvine, in the 1999 Hornblower (TV series) episode, The Duchess and the Devil.
Family
In 1783 he married Frances, daughter of General Francis Leighton, and they went on to have two sons and three daughters.[1]
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Dalrymple, Sir Hew Whitefoord. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
- ↑ Inquiry into the Convention of Sintra. Napoleon-series.org. Retrieved on 2012-06-03.
- ↑ Moore, cited by SGP Ward, in Journal of Society for Army Historical Research, Vol LVIII No. 236 Winter 1980
- ↑ Moore, cited in Parkinson Moore of Corunna p. 170 ISBN 0246107553
External links
"Dalrymple, Hew Whitefoord". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900. - Napoleonic Guide
- The Gentlemans Magazine
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