Shire (pharmaceutical company)

Shire Plc

Type	Public limited company
Traded as	LSE: SHP, NASDAQ: SHPG
Industry	Pharmaceuticals
Predecessor	Shire Pharmaceuticals Group Plc
Founded	1986 (1986)
Headquarters	Registered Office: St Helier, Jersey Corporate HQ: Dublin, Ireland UK Operations: Basingstoke, England
Key people	Susan Kilsby (Chairman) Flemming Ørnskov, MD (CEO)
Revenue	$6,022.1 million (2014)[1]
Operating income	$2,593.0 million (2014)[1]
Net income	$2,088.5 million (2014)[1]
Number of employees	5,300 (2014)[2]
Website	www.shire.com

Shire Plc is a Jersey-registered, Irish-headquartered global specialty biopharmaceutical company.^[3] Originating in the United Kingdom with a large operational base in the United States, its brands and products include Vyvanse, Adderall XR, Intuniv, Lialda, Pentasa, Fosrenol, Replagal, Elaprase, VPRIV, Firazyr and Dermagraft.

Shire has its primary listing on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. It had a market capitalisation of approximately £23 billion as of 3 February 2015, making it the 22nd-largest capitalisation on the London Stock Exchange.^[4] Shire has a secondary listing on NASDAQ.

Location in Lexington, Massachusetts

History

Shire was founded by Harry Stratford, Dr James Murray, Dennis Stephens, Peter Moriarty, and Geoff Hall in 1986.^[5] It was first listed on the London Stock Exchange in 1996.^[5] Shire's initial products were calcium supplements (Calcichew-D₃) for patients seeking to treat or prevent osteoporosis. In 1997 the company acquired Pharmavene for £105 million in order to access Pharmavenes drug delivery methods.^[6] Later in the same year Shire acquired Richwood Pharmaceutical Company, forming Shire-Richwood Inc.^[7]

In 2001 the company acquired Biochem Canada.^[8] Shires next acquisition didn't come until 2005 when it acquired Transkaryotic Therapeutics^[9] and two years later - in 2007 - New River Pharmaceuticals Inc, for a then company record of $2.6 billion.^[10] With the purchase of New River, Shire gained access and ownership of Vyvanse. A year late the company acquired the German company Jerini, for $521 million. Jerini focussed on treating hereditary angioedema.^[11]

2010 saw a change in company strategy, with the company seeking to expand through mergers and acquisitions - culminating in the company becoming one of the most acquisitive in the industry. In 2010 the company acquired Movetis, a Belgian company focussing on gastrointestinal products for $565 million,^[12] a year later it acquired regenerative medicine manufacturer Advanced BioHealing.^[13] In 2012 the company acquired FerroKin BioSciences for $325 million along with FerroKins lead iron chelator - FBS0701.^[14] 2013 saw the company complete its highest number of acquisitions with; Lotus Tissue Repair, Inc. and its lead compound ABH001,^[15] Premacure AB,^[16] SARcode Bioscience Inc.,^[17] with the last being ViroPharma. At $4.2 billion, ViroPharma set a new company record.^[18] In 2014 Shire acquired two rare disease drug companies; Fibrotech^[19] with its antifibrotic compounds for $75 million and Lumena, a company researching rare gastro-intestinal and hepatic compounds, for $260 million.^[20]

Aborted AbbVie takeover

On 20 June 2014, Shire rejected a takeover attempt by AbbVie. AbbVie offered £46.11 per share (£27.3 billion or $46.5 billion in total).^[21] On 8 July the offer was increased to $51.5 billion.^[22] On 18 July, it was announced that AbbVie would acquire Shire for $54.8 billion.^[23] On 15 October, news broke suggesting AbbVie was reconsidering their proposed takeover deal due to changes in US "Tax Inversion" law ^[24] and on 16 October AbbVie's board recommended that shareholders vote against the deal.^[25] This news sent Shire's share price down over 27%, however AbbVie will be subject to a $1.6 billion break up fee, payable to Shire.^[26] On 21 October the merger was called off.^[27]

In 2015, NPS Pharmaceuticals was acquired for $5.2 billion, bringing along its rare disease drugs Gattex and Natpara.^[28][29] The company also acquired, later in the same year Meritage Pharma for $245 million, Foresight Biotherapeutics for $300 million^[30] and Dyax for $6.5 billion.^[31][32] The purchases bolstered Shires Gastro-intestinal and rare disease sectors, with Phase-III ready treatment - Budesonide - for the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis. As well as expanding the company's pipeline with a late-stage treatment candidate for infectious conjunctivitis with lead candidate FST-100 and increased the companies rare disease catalogue with Dyax’s portfolio of plasma kallikrein inhibitors against hereditary angioedema (led by the approved drug Kalbitor and the Phase III DX-2930). In January 2016, the company made its most significant purchase, with the $32 billion acquisition of Baxalta|, creating the largest global biotech company focused solely on rare diseases.^[33]

Investors

• Paulson & Co., 4.4% stake as of October 2014^[34]

Acquisition history

The following is an illustration of the company's major mergers and acquisitions and historical predecessors (this is not a comprehensive list):

Operations

Shire develops and provides healthcare in the areas of behavioural health, gastrointestinal conditions, rare diseases, and regenerative medicine.

Products

A container of Adderall XR

In July 2014, Shire licensed the rights to the investigational Hunter syndrome compound, AGT-182, from ArmaGen for up to $225 million.^[35] Shires pipeline also includes the phase II compound, SHP609, aimed at treating CNS disorders associated with Hunters syndrome.

Royalty income

Locations

The original corporate headquarters and still major operation base are located in Basingstoke, Hampshire, England. Other major offices are located in the United States in Wayne, Pennsylvania and Cambridge, Massachusetts. In addition, Shire owns a manufacturing site in Lexington, Massachusetts and San Diego, California. It announced in November 2013 that it would be further reducing its presence in the UK.^[36]

Tax avoidance

Leaked tax rulings, date 16 July 2010, signed by Marius Kohl

In 2008, in reaction to new taxation measures announced by the Labour Party in the treatment of royalties on patents, the company moved its tax domicile to Dublin, Ireland.^[37] Effected through the creation of a new holding company in St Helier, Jersey in the Channel Islands, it will pay reduced tax on global earnings, where royalties on patents lodged in Ireland are tax free.

Corporate leadership

The non-executive board chairman is Susan Kilsby.^[38] Flemming Ørnskov, MD, has been the company's chief executive officer since mid-2013.^[39] James Bowling, Interim Chief Financial Officer (CFO).^[40] It was reported in October 2014 that James Bowling would vacate the interim CFO position and leave Shire by the end of March 2015.^[41]

See also

• Pharmaceutical industry in the United Kingdom

References

External links

• Official website
• Yahoo profile

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