Shahjahanpur

This article is about the municipality in Uttar Pradesh, India. For its namesake district, see Shahjahanpur district. For the city in Bangladesh, see Shajahanpur Upazila.
Shahjahanpur
शाहजहाँपुर شاہجہان پور ਸਾਹਜਹਾਨਪੂਰ
city
Shahjahanpur
Coordinates: 27°53′N 79°55′E / 27.88°N 79.91°E / 27.88; 79.91Coordinates: 27°53′N 79°55′E / 27.88°N 79.91°E / 27.88; 79.91
Country India
State Uttar Pradesh
District Shahjahanpur
Founded by Diler Khan and Bahadur Khan
Named for Mugal Emperor Shahjahan
Elevation 194 m (636 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Total 346,103
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 242001
Telephone code 5842
Vehicle registration UP 27
Website shahjahanpur.nic.in

Shahjahanpur (/ʃɑːdʒəˌhɑːnˈpʊə/; Arabic: شاہجہان پور‎; Urdu: शाहजहाँपुर‎) is a municipal board, town and district headquarters of Shahjahanpur District in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is also home to the Ordnance Clothing Factory, set up by the Ministry of Defence, Government of India. In Hindustani classical music, Shahjahanpur is the origin of one of the most important Gharanas of the musical instrument called Sarod.

History

Shahjahanpur was established by Diler Khan and Bahadur Khan,[1] sons of Dariya Khan, a soldier in the army of Mughal Emperor Jahangir. Both Diler Khan and Bahadur Khan were dignitaries in the regime of Shahjahan. Pleased with the services of Diler Khan, Shahjahan gave him 17 villages with the permission to construct fort. Diler Khan developed a fort at Nainar Khera, situated on the rivers Garrah and Khannaut. He also established 52 types of Pathan's Caste. Today most of the mohallas are included in the name of these castes.

There are two mazārs which connect Shahjahanpur city from one corner to the other corner. One majar is of Shaheed Ahmad Ullah Shah, a great freedom fighter of the 1857 struggle, and another is Shaheed Ashfaqallah Khan ( of Kakori Kand ). Maulvi Ahamad Ullah Shah began his struggle in Faizabad (U.P.). From there, he went to Shahjahanpur, where his life ended. Seventy years later, Ashfaqullah initiated a struggle against the British government and was hanged in the prison of Faizabad.

Shahjahanpur made a considerable contribution to the Indian Rebellion of 1857. Nana Sahib Peshwa of Bithur, Shahjade from Delhi, Ahmad Ullah Shah from Faizabad and Khan Badahur Khan from Bareilly united here and planned for further actions in the struggle. Maulvi Ahamad Ullah Shah was killed by British forces in Powayan.

Freedom fighters Maulvi Ahamad Ullah Shah, Nazim Ali and Bakshi were unsuccessful in their efforts, but later Shaheed Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqullah Khan, and Roshan Singh made major contributions to the freedom movement. In 1916 a society in the name of Matrivedi Sangh was formed by Bismil under the leadership of Pt. Genda Lal Dixit ( known for Mainpuri conspiracy ). Its purpose was to raise funds for the struggle, but because of a lack of funds, members of the society turned to adopt robbery.

After Mahatma Gandhi withdrew his support from the movement, Ram Prasad Bismil founded Hindustan Republican Association under the joint leadership of Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee and Sachindra Nath Sanyal. To implement the plan, and contributions were sought. Once again, when contributions were not adequate, robbery became the main fund-raising technique.

On 9 August 1925, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Bismil, Ashfaqullah Khan, and Rajendra Lahiri conducted a robbery of government funds near Kakori railway station.[2]

Geography

Shahjahanpur is located at 27°53′N 79°55′E / 27.88°N 79.91°E / 27.88; 79.91. It has an average elevation of 194 metres (600 feet). It is situated at the junction of two rivers, namely Khannaut and Garra.

Demographics

As per provisional data of 2011 census, Shahjahanpur urban agglomeration had a population of 346,103, out of which males were 183,087 and females were 163,016. The literacy rate was 69.81 per cent.[3]

Cultural heritage

Shahjahanpur is origin of an important Sarod gharana, named after the city itself. Over the years, the Shahjahanpur gharana contributed many eminent sarod players including Enayat Ali (1883 - 1915), Ustad Murad Ali Khan, Ustad Mohammed Ameer Khan, Pandit Radhika Mohan Moitra and Pandit Buddhadev Das Gupta.[4][5][6]

Notable personalities

Educational institutions

References

  1. ↑ Dr. Mehrotra N.C. Shahjahanpur Etihasik Evam Sanskritik Dharohar 1999 Pratiman Prakashan 30 Kucha Ray Ganga Prasad Allahabad 211003 India page 114
  2. ↑ Chandra, Bipan (14 October 2000). India's Struggle for Independence. Penguin Books Limited. p. 302. ISBN 978-81-8475-183-3. Retrieved 24 June 2013.
  3. ↑ "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
  4. ↑ Chakraverty, Soumya. "History of the Gharana". Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  5. ↑ Miner, Allyn (1 January 1997). Sitar and Sarod in the 18th and 19th Centuries. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 140.
  6. ↑ "Gharana". Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  7. ↑ http://eci.nic.in/archive/ge1999/pollupd/pc/states/s24/pcnstcand14.htm
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