Shaharpara

Shaharpara (Devanagari: शाहार्पाड़ा, Bengali: শাহারপাড়া), a village of historical importance in the south-eastern part of Sunamganj district, Bangladesh, was founded in 1315 CE by Hazrat Shah Kamal Quhafah and his disciples. It is approximately one hour drive away from city of Sylhet and also from Sunamgonj. The village is at the heart of Sylhet Division and nestles beside the river Ratna.[1]

Etymology

The name Shaharpara derived from the title of its founder, Hazrat Shah Kamal. 'Shah' means 'monarch', 'ar' (variant of 'er') means 'of' and 'para' means 'village' or 'footstep'; Shaharpara is a compound of Shah, ar and para (Shah+ar+para=Shaharpara), which is attributed to the footsteps of Hazrat Shah Kamal Quhafah. Literal meaning of Shaharpara is 'footsteps of Shah', referring to the footsteps of Hazrat Shah Kamal. It was when Hazrat Shah Kamal Quhafah alighted himself on an island to survey the terrain for settlement. When a settlement was established, it inherited the phrase 'Shaharpara' as an honour for the settlement and ascription to Hazrat Shah Kamal Quhafah.[2]

Origin of Shaharpara

Shaharpara is a village that nestles on the bank of river Ratna in Syedpur-Shaharpara Union Parishad, Jagannathpur upazila, Sunamganj district, Sylhet Division of Bangladesh. In 1315 CE, Hazrat Shah Kamal Quhafah established a settlement on a group of islands in Ratnang Sea. Nowadays, it lies on the bank of river Ratna (river Ratna is a remnant of erstwhile Ratnang Sea). The settlement of Hazrat Shah Kamal Quhafah became an epicentre for spiritual occurrence, academic and esoteric learning. Gradually, it transformed into a mega village enticing a number of adjoining islets when they transmuted into hamlets: Kamalshahi, Tilak, Mirpur, Muftirchawk, Nurainpur, Lalarchar, Kurikiyar and Noagaon. From ancient to medieval periods, Jagannathpur upazila and all of its bordering upazilas were submerged in a vast sea by the name of Ratnag.[3]

Kamalshahi

Kamalshahi (Bengali: কামালশাহী), aka Kamalshah, was founded by Shah Muazzamuddin Qureshi and it was named in honour of his father, Hazrat Shah Kamal Quhafah. Kamalshahi was the capital of Muazzamabad and centre of academic and esoteric learning. At present, Kamalshahi has lost its past grandeur, but mausoleums of Hazrat Shah Kamal Quhafa, his wife and children are sites for historical and archaeological interests.[4]

Tilak

Tilak (Bengali: তিলক্) was a settlement established by kith and kin of ‘Moi’ or ‘Mai’, who was a female disciple of Hazrat Shah Kamal Quhafah. Family and friends of Moi came to Shaharpara from Moi’erchar or Moiyarchar in southwest of Sylhet and they established a settlement on an islet of Shaharpara archipelago, which later came to be known as 'Tilak', as Moi’s family belong to a Brahmanic denomination that required them wearing a mark on their forehead called, tilak, and the settlement later derived its name from that insignia on their forehead. At present, Tilak is considered as a hamlet of Greater Shaharpara.[5]

Muftirchawk

Muftirchawk (Bengali: মুফতিরচক) was an estate of Mufti Da’eem Uddin Qureshi of Mullah Barhi and it was named after his appellation of mufti. Mufti Da’eem Uddin Qureshi returned to Shaharpara on vacations and married his paternal cousin. Descendants of Mufti Da’eem Uddin Qureshi have settled in Dargah Mahalla, Sylhet. Mufti Da’eem Uddin Qureshi’s eldest son, Maulana Zia Uddin Qureshi, was a philanthropist, who founded the very first school in Sylhet.[6]

Nurainpur

Nurainpur (Bengali: নুরাইনপুর) is a hamlet within the periphery of Shaharpara; it was established by Shah Nurain Uddin Qureshi and thus named after him. Shah Nurain Uddin Qureshi was a descendant of Hazrat Shah Kamal Quhafah; he was a social activist, who dedicated most of his life for welfare of people and societal improvement.[7]

Mirpur

Mirpur (Bengali: মিরপুর) hosted a garrison from the formation of Muazzamabad until it was annexed and absorbed by the Mughal Empire of Delhi.

Consanguinity

People of Shaharpara are related to each other; this is because most of them have descended from three sons of Hazrat Shah Kamal Quḥāfah and their surnames are Shah, Khwaja, Kamali or Kamaly, Qureshi, Mufti and Siddiqui after their ancestor Hazrat Shah Kamal Quḥāfah, who settled on the bank of river Ratna and founded a village that was named "Shaharpara" (derived from his first name). Family ties and relations with other clans are strikingly similar to that of the Arab tribes. Descendants of Hazrat Shah Kamal Quhafah have mainly extended to five families: Mullah Family, Shahjee Family and Baglar Family in Shaharpara, Qureshi Family in Patli and Mufti Family in Sylhet Dargah Mahallah. Maulana Shah Shamsuddin Qureshi, who was a descendant of Hazrat Shah Kamal Quhafah, established the Qureshi Family in Patli and Maulana Shah Zia Uddin, another descendant of Hazrat Shah Kamal Quhafah, established the Mufti Family in Dargah Mahallah, Sylhet. Today the Kamali population stands at approximately 5000 and most of them have immigrated to western countries for a better life, but they maintain a website that aims to bring the clan members together.

History

In 1303, Hazrat Shah Jalal Yamani vanquished Sylhet with aid of his 360 disciples and the Mughal military might. After about a decade of Muslim governance of Sylhet, an expedition of 12 Sufi disciples was sent to Sunamganj under the leadership of Hazrat Shah Kamal Quḥāfah, commonly known as Shah Kamal, son of Hazrat Khwaja Burhanuddin Quḥāfah, who was a commander and companion of Hazrat Shah Jalal. The expedition suffered due a turbulent rainfall of monsoon season and thus Hazrat Shah Kamal Quḥāfah ended up near a village called Tilak in Jagannathpur upazillah in Sunamganj District with his disciples. It is assumed that the expedition was less adventurous because Hazrat Shah Kamal Quḥāfah was accompanied by his Arab wife, who was not accustomed to the local weather. Hazrat Shah Kamal Quḥāfah with his 12 disciples settled on the bank of river Ratna. These twelve Sufi disciples of Hazrat Shah Kamal Quḥāfah are as follows:

1. Pir Kallu Shah, 2. Shah Chand, 3. Dawar Bakhsh Khatib, 4. Dilwar Bakhsh Khatib, 5. Shaikh Shamsuddin Bihari, 6. Shah Faizullah, 7. Shah Jalaluddin, 8. Syed Tajuddin, 9. Syed Bahauddin, 10. Syed Ruknuddin, 11. Syed Shamsuddin and 12. Shah Manik.

After Hazrat Shah Kamal Quḥāfah founded a settlement on the bank of river Ratna, which is nowadays known as Shaharpara, though initially it was Shahpara, he established a mosque and khanqah in Shaharpara proper. Hazrat Shah Kamal Quḥāfah came to Sylhet with his wife from Mecca in Saudi Arabia and she begot three sons and a daughter. Three sons of Hazrat Shah Kamal Quḥāfah were Shah Jalaluddin Qureshi, Shah Muazamuddin Qureshi and Shah Jamaluddin Qureshi. State of Muazzamabad (Iqlim-i-Muazzamabad) was established by Shah Muazzamuddin Qureshi. Silhat was conquered in 1384, and its north-western thana contained the mint town of Muazzamabad.[8] Around 1620 CE, Mughal annexed Muazzamabad and Sylhet; the seat of administration was transferred from Shaharpara and Sylhet to Sonargaon. Sonargaon comprised two iqlims, which is evidenced in inscriptions of Bengal: one stretching towards east and north-east, called iqlim e Muazzamabad, and the other stretching towards west and south-west keeping Dhaka in the middle, called iqlim e Mubarakabad.[9]

Education

Shaharpara has a number of primary schools, one seminary by the name of Hazrat Shah Kamal Madrasa and one high school by the name of Shaharpara Shah Kamal High School.

Trade and commerce

Greater Shaharpara has a number of markets, emporiums and bazaar where people from neighbouring villages and beyond trade. Shaharpara Bazaar is largest amongst other bazaar in the area.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Achuytacharan Chowdhury
  2. ↑ Amara Atmakatha, Qureshi, Shah A M, Sylhet 1988
  3. ↑ Achyutacharan Chowdhury, Purbansh, Sylheter Itibritta
  4. ↑ Syed Mujtaba Ali, Shreehatte Islam Jyoti
  5. ↑ Nur Chowdhury
  6. ↑ Syed Mujtaba Ali
  7. ↑ Chowdhury, N; Sylheter Kotha
  8. ↑ Bourdillon J A, Bengal Under the Muhammadans – Brief Notes on its geography and history. By, Indian Civil Service Calcutta, Bengal Secretariat Press 1902: 6.
  9. ↑ Stapleton

External links

Coordinates: 24°45′N 91°37′E / 24.75°N 91.62°E / 24.75; 91.62

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